diff --git a/native/jni/daemon/bootstages.cpp b/native/jni/daemon/bootstages.cpp
index e5233418a..1c38e019f 100644
--- a/native/jni/daemon/bootstages.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/daemon/bootstages.cpp
@@ -441,17 +441,17 @@ static bool magisk_env() {
 		if (str_contains(line, " /system_root ")) {
 			bind_mount("/system_root/system", MIRRDIR "/system");
 			sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s", buf);
-			system_block = strdup2(buf);
+			system_block = strdup(buf);
 			system_as_root = true;
 		} else if (!system_as_root && str_contains(line, " /system ")) {
 			sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s %*s %s", buf, buf2);
-			system_block = strdup2(buf);
+			system_block = strdup(buf);
 			xmount(system_block, MIRRDIR "/system", buf2, MS_RDONLY, nullptr);
 			VLOGI("mount", system_block, MIRRDIR "/system");
 		} else if (str_contains(line, " /vendor ")) {
 			seperate_vendor = true;
 			sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s %*s %s", buf, buf2);
-			vendor_block = strdup2(buf);
+			vendor_block = strdup(buf);
 			xmkdir(MIRRDIR "/vendor", 0755);
 			xmount(vendor_block, MIRRDIR "/vendor", buf2, MS_RDONLY, nullptr);
 			VLOGI("mount", vendor_block, MIRRDIR "/system");
diff --git a/native/jni/daemon/log_daemon.cpp b/native/jni/daemon/log_daemon.cpp
index 5b00b42b5..e2196b5d3 100644
--- a/native/jni/daemon/log_daemon.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/daemon/log_daemon.cpp
@@ -82,33 +82,35 @@ static void *monitor_thread(void *) {
 }
 
 static void *logcat_thread(void *) {
-	int log_fd = -1, log_pid;
+	int log_pid;
 	char line[4096];
-	while (1) {
+	while (true) {
 		// Start logcat
-		log_pid = exec_command(false, &log_fd, nullptr, log_cmd.data());
-		FILE *logs = fdopen(log_fd, "r");
+		exec_t exec {
+			.fd = -1,
+			.argv = log_cmd.data()
+		};
+		log_pid = exec_command(exec);
+		FILE *logs = fdopen(exec.fd, "r");
 		while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), logs)) {
 			if (line[0] == '-')
 				continue;
 			size_t len = strlen(line);
 			pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
-			for (int i = 0; i < EVENT_NUM; ++i) {
-				if (events[i].fd > 0 && events[i].filter(line))
-					write(events[i].fd, line, len);
+			for (auto &event : events) {
+				if (event.fd > 0 && event.filter(line))
+					write(event.fd, line, len);
 			}
 			pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
 		}
 
 		fclose(logs);
-		log_fd = -1;
 		kill(log_pid, SIGTERM);
 		waitpid(log_pid, nullptr, 0);
 
 		LOGI("magisklogd: logcat output EOF");
 		// Clear buffer
-		log_pid = exec_command(false, nullptr, nullptr, clear_cmd.data());
-		waitpid(log_pid, nullptr, 0);
+		exec_command_sync(clear_cmd.data());
 	}
 }
 
@@ -131,10 +133,10 @@ static void log_daemon() {
 	log_cmd.push_back(MIRRDIR "/system/bin/logcat");
 	// Test whether these buffers actually works
 	const char *b[] = { "main", "events", "crash" };
-	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
-		if (exec_command_sync(MIRRDIR "/system/bin/logcat", "-b", b[i], "-d", "-f", "/dev/null", nullptr) == 0) {
+	for (auto &buffer : b) {
+		if (exec_command_sync(MIRRDIR "/system/bin/logcat", "-b", buffer, "-d", "-f", "/dev/null", nullptr) == 0) {
 			log_cmd.push_back("-b");
-			log_cmd.push_back(b[i]);
+			log_cmd.push_back(buffer);
 		}
 	}
 	chmod("/dev/null", 0666);
diff --git a/native/jni/utils/include/utils.h b/native/jni/utils/include/utils.h
index 788654ea4..16bd1d69f 100644
--- a/native/jni/utils/include/utils.h
+++ b/native/jni/utils/include/utils.h
@@ -142,10 +142,19 @@ void write_zero(int fd, size_t size);
 #define str_starts(s, ss) ((ss) != nullptr && (s).compare(0, strlen(ss), ss) == 0)
 
 std::vector<std::string> file_to_vector(const char *filename);
-char *strdup2(const char *s, size_t *size = nullptr);
 
+struct exec_t {
+	bool err = false;
+	int fd = -2;
+	void (*pre_exec)() = nullptr;
+	const char **argv = nullptr;
+	int (*fork)() = xfork;
+};
+
+int exec_command(exec_t &exec);
 int exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*pre_exec)(), const char **argv);
 int exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*cb)(), const char *argv0, ...);
+int exec_command_sync(const char **argv);
 int exec_command_sync(const char *argv0, ...);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/native/jni/utils/misc.cpp b/native/jni/utils/misc.cpp
index f38d271ff..1f912f5a7 100644
--- a/native/jni/utils/misc.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/utils/misc.cpp
@@ -155,30 +155,25 @@ int __fsetxattr(int fd, const char *name, const void *value, size_t size, int fl
 	return (int) syscall(__NR_fsetxattr, fd, name, value, size, flags);
 }
 
-/*
-   fd == nullptr -> Ignore output
-  *fd < 0     -> Open pipe and set *fd to the read end
-  *fd >= 0    -> STDOUT (or STDERR) will be redirected to *fd
-  *pre_exec   -> A callback function called after forking, before execvp
-*/
-int exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*pre_exec)(void), const char **argv) {
-	int pipefd[2], outfd = -1;
+int exec_command(exec_t &exec) {
+	int pipefd[2] = {-1, -1}, outfd = -1;
 
-	if (fd) {
-		if (*fd < 0) {
-			if (xpipe2(pipefd, O_CLOEXEC) == -1)
-				return -1;
-			outfd = pipefd[1];
-		} else {
-			outfd = *fd;
-		}
+	if (exec.fd == -1) {
+		if (xpipe2(pipefd, O_CLOEXEC) == -1)
+			return -1;
+		outfd = pipefd[1];
+	} else if (exec.fd >= 0) {
+		outfd = exec.fd;
 	}
 
-	int pid = xfork();
-	if (pid != 0) {
-		if (fd && *fd < 0) {
-			// Give the read end and close write end
-			*fd = pipefd[0];
+	int pid = exec.fork();
+	if (pid < 0) {
+		close(pipefd[0]);
+		close(pipefd[1]);
+		return -1;
+	} else if (pid) {
+		if (exec.fd == -1) {
+			exec.fd = pipefd[0];
 			close(pipefd[1]);
 		}
 		return pid;
@@ -186,21 +181,39 @@ int exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*pre_exec)(void), const char **argv) {
 
 	if (outfd >= 0) {
 		xdup2(outfd, STDOUT_FILENO);
-		if (err)
+		if (exec.err)
 			xdup2(outfd, STDERR_FILENO);
 		close(outfd);
 	}
 
 	// Call the pre-exec callback
-	if (pre_exec)
-		pre_exec();
+	if (exec.pre_exec)
+		exec.pre_exec();
 
-	execve(argv[0], (char **) argv, environ);
-	PLOGE("execve %s", argv[0]);
+	execve(exec.argv[0], (char **) exec.argv, environ);
+	PLOGE("execve %s", exec.argv[0]);
 	exit(-1);
 }
 
-static int v_exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*cb)(void), const char *argv0, va_list argv) {
+/*
+   fd == nullptr -> Ignore output
+  *fd < 0     -> Open pipe and set *fd to the read end
+  *fd >= 0    -> STDOUT (or STDERR) will be redirected to *fd
+  *pre_exec   -> A callback function called after forking, before execvp
+*/
+int exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*pre_exec)(), const char **argv) {
+	exec_t exec {
+		.err = err,
+		.fd = fd ? *fd : -2,
+		.pre_exec = pre_exec,
+		.argv = argv
+	};
+	int pid = exec_command(exec);
+	if (fd) *fd = exec.fd;
+	return pid;
+}
+
+static int v_exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*cb)(), const char *argv0, va_list argv) {
 	// Collect va_list into vector
 	vector<const char *> args;
 	args.push_back(argv0);
@@ -211,6 +224,18 @@ static int v_exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*cb)(void), const char *argv0
 	return pid;
 }
 
+int exec_command_sync(const char **argv) {
+	exec_t exec {
+		.argv = argv
+	};
+	int pid, status;
+	pid = exec_command(exec);
+	if (pid < 0)
+		return -1;
+	waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
+	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
+}
+
 int exec_command_sync(const char *argv0, ...) {
 	va_list argv;
 	va_start(argv, argv0);
@@ -230,11 +255,3 @@ int exec_command(bool err, int *fd, void (*cb)(void), const char *argv0, ...) {
 	va_end(argv);
 	return pid;
 }
-
-char *strdup2(const char *s, size_t *size) {
-	size_t len = strlen(s) + 1;
-	char *buf = new char[len];
-	memcpy(buf, s, len);
-	if (size) *size = len;
-	return buf;
-}