995 lines
44 KiB
Plaintext
995 lines
44 KiB
Plaintext
**********************************************************************
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Upgrading and Installing on Cluster Nodes
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Release Notes, Part 4 of 4
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Beta 2
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**********************************************************************
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(c) 2001 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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These notes support a preliminary release of a software program that
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bears the project code name Whistler.
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With Whistler Advanced Server, you can use clustering to ensure that
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users have constant access to important server-based resources. With
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clustering, you create several cluster nodes that appear to users as
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one server. If one of the nodes in the cluster fails, another node
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begins to provide service (a process known as failover). Mission
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critical applications and resources remain continuously available.
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Sections to read if you are upgrading:
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1.0 Preparing for Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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1.2 Options for Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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2.0 Upgrading a Cluster from Windows 2000 to Whistler
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2.1 How Rolling Upgrades Work
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2.2 Restrictions on Rolling Upgrades
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2.3 Resource Behavior During Rolling Upgrades
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2.4 Alternatives to Rolling Upgrades from Windows 2000
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3.0 Upgrading Clusters from Windows NT Server 4.0,
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Enterprise Edition
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Sections to read if you are performing a new installation:
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1.0 Preparing for Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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1.2 Options for Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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4.0 Installation on Cluster Nodes
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======================================================================
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1.0 Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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======================================================================
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Before installing or upgrading clustering, you should familiarize
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yourself with the basic preparations needed and the options available
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for upgrading and installing. The following sections provide
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information on these topics.
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1.1 Preparing for Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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======================================================================
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To prepare for installing or upgrading clustering, review the
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sections earlier in this text file series. As described in those
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sections, check the Hardware Compatibility List to ensure that all
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your hardware (including your cluster storage) is compatible with
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Whistler Advanced Server. In addition, check with the manufacturer of
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your cluster storage hardware to be sure you have the drivers you need
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in order to use the hardware with Whistler Advanced Server.
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Important: If your cluster storage uses SCSI, you can have two nodes
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in the cluster, but no more. If you want to have more than two nodes
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in the cluster, you must use Fibre Channel for the cluster storage.
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1.2 Options for Upgrading or Installing Clustering
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======================================================================
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When installing or upgrading clustering, you can choose among several
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options. You can:
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* Upgrade the operating system on a cluster that is running
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Microsoft Windows NT Server version 4.0, Enterprise Edition. For
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a description of the ways you can do this, see "Upgrading
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Clusters from Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition"
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later in this text file.
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* Upgrade a cluster that is running Windows 2000, possibly
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through a rolling upgrade. For more information, see "How
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Rolling Upgrades Work" and "Restrictions on Rolling Upgrades"
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later in this text file.
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* Perform a new installation of Whistler Advanced Server and install
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Cluster service at the same time. For important information
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about preparing for cluster installation, see "Installation on
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Cluster Nodes" later in this text file.
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Note: For cluster disks, you must use the NTFS file system and
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configure the disks as basic disks. You cannot configure cluster disks
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as dynamic disks, and you cannot use features of dynamic disks such as
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spanned volumes (volume sets). For more information about the
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limitations of server clusters, in Whistler Help and Support Services.
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To open Whistler Help and Support Services, after completing Setup,
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click Start, and then click Help and Support.
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For information about reinstalling clustering on one of the cluster
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nodes, see Whistler Help and Support Services.
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======================================================================
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2.0 Upgrading a Cluster from Windows 2000 to Whistler
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======================================================================
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If you are upgrading from Windows 2000 to Whistler on cluster nodes,
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you might be able to perform a rolling upgrade of the operating
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system. In a rolling upgrade, you sequentially upgrade the operating
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system on each node, making sure that one node is always available to
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handle client requests. When you upgrade the operating system, the
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Cluster service is automatically upgraded also. A rolling upgrade
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maximizes availability of clustered services and minimizes
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administrative complexity. For more information, see the following
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section, "How Rolling Upgrades Work."
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To determine whether you can perform a rolling upgrade and understand
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the effect that a rolling upgrade might have on your clustered
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resources, see "Restrictions on Rolling Upgrades" later in this text
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file. For information about ways to upgrade your cluster nodes if you
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cannot perform a rolling upgrade, see "Alternatives to Rolling
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Upgrades from Windows 2000" later in this text file.
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If you are upgrading from Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise
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Edition to Whistler on cluster nodes, you cannot perform a rolling
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upgrade. For more information about how to perform an upgrade from
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Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition, see "Upgrading Clusters
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From Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition" later in this text
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file series.
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Important: If your cluster storage uses SCSI, you can have two nodes
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in the cluster, but no more. If you want to have more than two nodes
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in the cluster, you must use Fibre Channel for the cluster storage.
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2.1 How Rolling Upgrades Work
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======================================================================
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This section describes rolling upgrades on server clusters. For
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information about methods, restrictions, and alternatives to rolling
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upgrades, see the following sections.
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There are two major advantages to a rolling upgrade. First, there is
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a minimal interruption of service to clients. (However, server
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response time might decrease during the phases in which one node
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handles the work of the entire cluster.) Second, you do not have to
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recreate your cluster configuration. The configuration remains intact
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during the upgrade process.
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A rolling upgrade starts with two cluster nodes that are running
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Windows 2000. In this example, they are named Node 1 and Node 2.
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Phase 1: Preliminary
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Each node runs Windows 2000 Advanced Server with the following
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software:
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* The Cluster service component (one of the optional components of
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Windows 2000 Advanced Server).
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* Applications that support a rolling upgrade. For more information,
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see the product documentation and "Resource Behavior During
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Rolling Upgrades" later in this text file.
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At this point, your cluster is configured so that each node handles
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client requests (an active/active configuration).
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Phase 2: Upgrade Node 1
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Node 1 is paused, and Node 2 handles all cluster resource groups while
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you upgrade the operating system of Node 1 to Whistler Advanced
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Server.
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Phase 3: Upgrade Node 2
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Node 1 rejoins the cluster. Node 2 is paused and Node 1 handles all
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cluster resource groups while you upgrade the operating system on
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Node 2.
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Phase 4: Final
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Node 2 rejoins the cluster, and you redistribute the resource groups
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back to the active/active cluster configuration.
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Important: If your goal is to have more than two nodes in the cluster,
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you must use Fibre Channel (not SCSI) for the cluster storage. Add the
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third or fourth nodes after completing the rolling upgrade. For
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cluster disks, you must use the NTFS file system and configure the
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disks as basic disks. You cannot configure cluster disks as dynamic
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disks, and you cannot use features of dynamic disks such as spanned
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volumes (volume sets).
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2.1.1 Performing a Rolling Upgrade
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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For an outline of the rolling upgrade process, see the preceding
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section, "How Rolling Upgrades Work."
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Important: For information about what resources are supported during
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Rolling upgrades, see "Restrictions on Rolling Upgrades" and "Resource
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Behavior During Rolling Upgrades" later in this text file.
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>>> To perform a rolling upgrade:
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1. In Cluster Administrator, click the node that you want to upgrade
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first.
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2. On the File menu, click Pause Node.
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3. In the right pane, double-click Active Groups.
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4. In the right pane, click a group, and then on the File menu, click
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Move Group. Repeat this step for each group listed.
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The services will be interrupted during the time they are being
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moved and restarted on the other node. After the groups are
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moved, one node is idle, and the other node handles all client
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requests.
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5. Use Whistler Advanced Server Setup to upgrade the paused node from
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Windows 2000. For information about running Setup, see sections
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earlier in this text file.
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Setup detects the earlier version of clustering on the paused node
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and automatically installs clustering for Whistler Advanced
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Server. The node automatically rejoins the cluster at the end of
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the upgrade process, but is still paused and does not handle any
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cluster-related work.
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6. To verify that the node that was upgraded is fully functional,
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perform validation tests on it.
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7. In Cluster Administrator, click the node that was paused, and then
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on the file menu, click Resume Node.
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8. Repeat the preceding steps for any remaining node or nodes.
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2.2 Restrictions on Rolling Upgrades
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======================================================================
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There are several basic restrictions to the rolling-upgrade process.
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The most basic restriction is as follows:
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* You can perform a rolling upgrade only if you are upgrading from
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Windows 2000 on the cluster nodes. You cannot perform a rolling
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upgrade if you are upgrading from Windows NT Server 4.0,
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Enterprise Edition. For a description of the ways to upgrade
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from Windows NT 4.0, see "Upgrading Clusters from Windows NT
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Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition" later in this text file
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series.
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The remaining restrictions involve the beginning of Phase 3, in which
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you operate a mixed-version cluster: a cluster in which the nodes run
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different versions of the operating system. For a mixed-version
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cluster to work, the different versions of the software running on
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each node must be prepared to communicate with one another. This
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requirement leads to several basic restrictions on the rolling-upgrade
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process.
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* For a successful rolling upgrade, every resource that the cluster
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manages must be capable of a rolling upgrade. For more
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information, see "Resource Behavior During Rolling Upgrades"
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later in this text file.
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* During the mixed-version phase of a rolling upgrade, when the
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cluster nodes are running different versions of the operating
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system, do not change the settings of resources (for example, do
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not change the settings of a printer resource).
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If preceding restrictions cannot be met, do not perform a rolling
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upgrade. For more information, see "Alternatives to Rolling Upgrades
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from Windows 2000" later in this text file.
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2.2.1 Operation of New Resource Types in Mixed-Version Clusters
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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If a resource type that you add to the cluster is supported in one
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version of the operating system but not in the other, the operation of
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a mixed-version cluster is complicated. For example, Cluster service
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in Whistler (part of the Advanced Server and Datacenter Server
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products) supports the Generic Script resource type. However, older
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versions of Cluster service do not support it. A mixed-version
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cluster can run a Generic Script resource on a node running Whistler
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but not on a node running Windows 2000.
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Cluster service transparently sets the possible owners of new
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resource types to prevent these resources from failing over to a
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Windows 2000 node of a mixed-version cluster. In other words, when you
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view the possible owners of a new resource type, a Windows 2000 node
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will not be in the list, and you will not be able to add this node to
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the list. If you create such a resource during the mixed-version phase
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of a rolling upgrade, the resource groups containing those resources
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will not fail over to a Windows 2000 node.
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2.3 Resource Behavior During Rolling Upgrades
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======================================================================
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Although Cluster service supports rolling upgrades, not all
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applications have seamless rolling-upgrade behavior. The following
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table describes which resources will be supported during a rolling
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upgrade. If you have a resource that is not fully supported during
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rolling upgrades, see "Alternatives to Rolling Upgrades from
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Windows 2000" later in this text file.
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You cannot perform a rolling upgrade on a cluster running Windows NT.
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Only clusters running Windows 2000 support rolling upgrades to
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Whistler.
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RESOURCE ROLLING UPGRADE NOTES
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------------- ---------------------------------------------------
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DHCP Supported during rolling upgrades.
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File Share Supported during rolling upgrades.
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IP Address Supported during rolling upgrades.
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Network Name Supported during rolling upgrades.
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NNTP Supported during rolling upgrades.
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Physical Disk Supported during rolling upgrades
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Time Service Supported during rolling upgrades.
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SMTP Supported during rolling upgrades.
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WINS Supported during rolling upgrades.
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Print Spooler The only Print Spooler resources supported
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during a rolling upgrade are those on LPR ports
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or standard monitor ports. See the following
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section, "Upgrades that Include a Print Spooler
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Resource."
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IIS Internet Information Server (IIS) 6.0 is not
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supported during rolling upgrades. For more
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information, see "Upgrades the include an IIS
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resource" later in this text file.
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MS DTC Microsoft Distributed Transaction
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Coordinator is not supported during a rolling
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upgrade. However, you can perform a process
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similar to rolling upgrades. See "Upgrades that
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Include an MS DTC Resource" later in this text file
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series.
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MSMQ Microsoft Message Queuing is not supported
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during a rolling upgrade. To upgrade a cluster
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which includes MSMQ, see "Upgrades that Include
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an MSMQ Resource" later in this text file.
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Other resource See Read1st.txt and Readme.doc in the root
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types directory of the Whistler Advanced Server CD.
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Also see the product documentation that comes
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with the application or resource.
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2.3.1 Upgrades that Include a Print Spooler Resource
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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If you want to perform a rolling upgrade of a cluster that has a
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Print Spooler resource, you must consider two issues.
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First, the Print Spooler resource only supports upgrades (including
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rolling upgrades or any other kind of upgrade) on printers on
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cluster-supported ports (LPR or Standard Monitor ports). For
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information about what to do if your printer is not supported, see
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"Alternatives to Rolling Upgrades from Windows 2000" later in this
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text file.
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Second, when you operate a mixed-version cluster including a Print
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Spooler resource, note the following:
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* Do not change printer settings in a mixed-version cluster with a
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Print Spooler resource.
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* If you add a new printer, when you install the drivers for that
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printer, be sure to install both the driver for Windows 2000 and
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the driver for Whistler on all nodes.
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* If printing preferences or defaults are important, be sure to
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check them. Printing preferences in Whistler won't necessarily
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correspond to document defaults for the same printer in Windows
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2000. This can be affected by differences in the drivers for the
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two operating systems.
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When the rolling upgrade is complete and both cluster nodes are
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running the updated operating system, you can make any modifications
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you choose to your printer configuration.
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2.4 Alternatives to Rolling Upgrades from Windows 2000
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======================================================================
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Certain resources are not supported during rolling upgrades,
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including:
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* Internet Information Server (IIS)
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* Microsoft Data Transaction Coordinator (MS DTC)
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* Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ)
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Special procedures, described below, must be followed when performing
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an upgrade of a cluster that contains these resources. In addition to
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the three resource types above, you might also have other resources
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that are not supported during rolling upgrades. Be sure to read
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Read1st.txt and Readme.doc in the root directory of the Whistler CD,
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as well as the product documentation that comes with the application
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or resource.
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Note: You also cannot perform a rolling upgrade when upgrading from
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Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition. For more information, see
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"Upgrading Clusters from Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition"
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later in this text file.
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2.4.1 Upgrades that Include an IIS Resource
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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IIS 6.0 is not supported during rolling upgrades. With earlier
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versions of IIS, you could configure an individual Web site to fail
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over as a cluster resource. However, with IIS 6.0, the entire IIS
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service must fail over, not individual Web sites. If you have
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individual Web sites or the IIS service configured as a cluster
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resource, you must use the following procedure to upgrade to Whistler.
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>>> To upgrade from Windows 2000 on a cluster that includes an IIS resource:
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1. Remove any individual Web sites that you have configured as
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cluster resources from their cluster group. You can no longer
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designate a single site as a cluster resource.
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2. If you have the IIS service configured as a cluster resource, take
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this resource offline. To take the resource offline, follow the
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procedures described in "Upgrades for Other Non-Supported
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Resources" later in this text file.
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3. Perform a rolling upgrade, as described in the procedure "To
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perform a rolling upgrade" earlier in this text file.
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4. Once you have completed the upgrade, you can bring the IIS service
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back online.
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Important: With IIS 6.0, you can only configure the IIS service as a
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Cluster resource. You cannot configure individual Web sites as cluster
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resources.
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2.4.2 Upgrades that Include an MS DTC Resource
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MS DTC) is not
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Supported during rolling upgrades. However, you can perform a process
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similar to a rolling upgrade.
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>>> To upgrade from Windows 2000 on a cluster that includes an MS DTC
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resource:
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1. Take the MS DTC resource offline by using the Cluster Administrator
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and clicking the Resources folder. In the details pane, click the
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MS DTC resource, then on the File menu, click Take Offline.
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Caution: Taking a resource offline causes all resources that depend
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on that resource to be taken offline.
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2. Configure the MS DTC resource so that the only allowable owner
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is the node it is currently on by using the Cluster
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Administrator and clicking the Resource folder. In the details
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pane, click the MS DTC resource. On the File menu, click
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Properties. On the General tab, next to Possible owners, click
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Modify. Specify Node 2 as an Available node, and if necessary,
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remove Node 1 from the Available nodes list.
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3. Upgrade a node that does not contain the MS DTC resource from
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Windows 2000 to Whistler. For general information about Setup,
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review the sections earlier in this text file series.
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4. Move the MS DTC resource to the upgraded nodes, following the
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procedures as described in step 1.
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5. Configure the MS DTC resource so that the only allowable owner
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is the upgraded node, following the procedures as described in
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step 2.
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6. Upgrade the remaining nodes from Windows 2000 to Whistler.
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7. Configure the allowable owners for the MS DTC resource as
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appropriate for your configuration.
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8. Manually restart all dependent services, and then bring the MS DTC
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resource back online by using the Cluster Administrator
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and clicking the Resources folder. In the details pane, click
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the MS DTC resource, and then on the File menu, click Bring Online.
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2.4.3 Upgrades That Include an MSMQ Resource
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) does not support rolling upgrades.
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The MSMQ resource is dependent on the MS DTC resource, so be sure to
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follow the steps outlined in the preceding section "Upgrades that
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Include an MS DTC Resource."
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>>> To upgrade from Windows 2000 on a cluster that includes an MSMQ resource:
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1. Upgrade the operating system of the nodes to Whistler.
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2. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and
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then click Configure Your Server.
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3. In Configure Your Server, click Finish Setup, and then click
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Configure Message Queuing Cluster Resources.
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4. Follow the instructions that appear in the Configure Message
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Queuing Cluster Resources Wizard.
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2.4.4 Upgrades for Other Non-Supported Resources
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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If you have other resources on your cluster that are not supported
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during a rolling upgrade, but are not described above, take those
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resources offline prior to performing the rolling upgrade.
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>>> To take a resource offline and perform a rolling upgrade:
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1. Confirm that your systems are running Windows 2000.
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2. Using the information in "Resource Behavior During Rolling
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Upgrades" earlier in this text file, list the resources
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in your cluster that are not supported during rolling upgrades.
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3. In Cluster Administrator, click the Resources folder.
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4. In the right pane, click the resource you want.
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5. On the File menu, click Take Offline.
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6. Repeat the preceding steps until you have taken offline all
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resources that do not support rolling upgrades.
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7. Perform a rolling upgrade, as described in the procedure "To
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perform a rolling upgrade" earlier in this text file.
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8. For each resource that you listed in step 2, follow the
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product's instructions for installing or reconfiguring the
|
|
application so that it will run with Whistler.
|
|
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
3.0 Upgrading Clusters from Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise
|
|
Edition
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
You cannot perform a rolling upgrade directly from Windows NT Server
|
|
4.0, Enterprise Edition to Whistler. You instead have two options. You
|
|
can maintain cluster availability by performing an upgrade to Windows
|
|
2000 first, then to Whistler, or you can upgrade directly to Whistler.
|
|
If you upgrade directly from Windows NT 4.0 to Whistler, you cannot
|
|
maintain cluster availability.
|
|
|
|
3.1 Upgrading from Windows NT 4.0 while Maintaining Cluster
|
|
Availability
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
To maintain cluster availability when upgrading from Windows NT 4.0
|
|
to Whistler, you must first upgrade to Windows 2000.
|
|
|
|
>>> To perform an upgrade from Windows NT 4.0 while maintaining
|
|
cluster availability:
|
|
|
|
1. Perform a rolling upgrade on one node from Windows NT 4.0 to
|
|
Windows 2000 as documented in "To Perform a Rolling Upgrade" in the
|
|
Windows 2000 documentation. However, do not repeat the process
|
|
for the other nodes as documented in those instructions.
|
|
|
|
Important: For step 1, be sure to follow the procedures in the Windows
|
|
2000 documentation, not the Whistler procedures, as the procedures are
|
|
different for each version.
|
|
|
|
2. Perform an upgrade on all other nodes from Windows NT 4.0 to
|
|
Whistler. For more information, see "Performing a Rolling
|
|
Upgrade" earlier in this text file. Follow the instructions,
|
|
upgrading only Node 2, not Node 1. For general information about
|
|
Setup, review the sections earlier in this text file series.
|
|
|
|
3. Perform an upgrade on the Windows 2000 node from Windows 2000 to
|
|
Whistler.
|
|
|
|
3.2 Upgrading from Windows NT 4.0 While Not Maintaining Cluster
|
|
Availability
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
To upgrade from Windows NT 4.0 to Whistler without the intermediate
|
|
step of upgrading to Windows 2000, you must interrupt cluster
|
|
availability. The steps you perform to upgrade while not maintaining
|
|
cluster availability depend on the hardware you are using for your
|
|
cluster: either a Fibre Channel bus or a SCSI bus.
|
|
|
|
>>> To upgrade directly from Windows NT 4.0 to Whistler when using a
|
|
Fibre Channel bus:
|
|
|
|
1. As appropriate, notify users that you will be shutting down the
|
|
applications they use on the cluster.
|
|
|
|
2. Stop the applications that are made available through the cluster.
|
|
|
|
3. To stop Cluster service on all nodes but one, in Cluster
|
|
Administrator, click each node you want to stop, and then on the
|
|
File menu, click Stop Cluster Service.
|
|
|
|
4. Shut down and turn off all nodes but one.
|
|
|
|
Caution: Be sure that only one node is running before continuing. This
|
|
prevents corruption of the cluster storage.
|
|
|
|
5. Upgrade the operating system on the node that is running. For
|
|
general information about Setup, review the sections earlier in
|
|
this text file series.
|
|
|
|
6. The cluster software will be upgraded automatically during the
|
|
operating system upgrade. Note that you cannot make
|
|
configuration changes such as configuring cluster disks as
|
|
dynamic disks. For more information about the limitations of server
|
|
clusters, see Whistler Help and Support Services.
|
|
|
|
7. On the node that is running, click Start, point to Programs, point
|
|
to Administrative Tools, and then click Cluster Administrator.
|
|
|
|
8. Check to see that the cluster disks are online in Cluster
|
|
Administrator.
|
|
|
|
Caution: Be sure that that the cluster disks are online in Cluster
|
|
Administrator before continuing to the next step. When the disks are
|
|
online, it means that Cluster service is working, which means that
|
|
only one node can access the cluster storage at any given time. This
|
|
prevents corruption of the cluster storage.
|
|
|
|
9. Turn on the other node in the cluster and upgrade the operating
|
|
system on that node.
|
|
|
|
The node automatically rejoins the existing cluster.
|
|
|
|
>>> To upgrade directly from Windows NT 4.0 to Whistler When Using a
|
|
SCSI Bus:
|
|
|
|
1. Review the appropriate instructions for making sure that the SCSI
|
|
bus is terminated or for putting Y-cables or TriLink cables in
|
|
place. These instructions are in Cluster Administrator Help in
|
|
Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition, in the Index under
|
|
"nodes, disconnecting." If you have used an alternative set of
|
|
instructions from the Windows NT Server 4.0, Enterprise Edition
|
|
CD, in \Support\Books\Mscsadm5.doc, review these instructions. You
|
|
will carry out the instructions in a later step.
|
|
|
|
2. As appropriate, notify users that you will be shutting down the
|
|
applications they use on the cluster.
|
|
|
|
3. Stop the applications that are made available through the cluster.
|
|
|
|
4. To stop Cluster service on all nodes but one, in Cluster
|
|
Administrator, click each node you want to stop, and then on the
|
|
File menu, click Stop Cluster Service.
|
|
|
|
5. On Node 1, follow the appropriate instructions to make sure the
|
|
SCSI bus is terminated, or that Y-cables or TriLink cables are
|
|
in place.
|
|
|
|
6. Shut down and turn off all nodes but one, or bring them to a
|
|
shut-down state appropriate to your method of termination.
|
|
|
|
Caution: Be sure that only one node is running before continuing. This
|
|
prevents corruption of the cluster storage.
|
|
|
|
7. Upgrade the operating system on the node that is running. For
|
|
general information about Setup, review the sections earlier in
|
|
this text file series.
|
|
|
|
8. The cluster software will be upgraded automatically during the
|
|
operating system upgrade. Note that you cannot make configuration
|
|
changes such as configuring cluster disks as dynamic disks. For
|
|
more information about the limitations of server clusters, see
|
|
Whistler Help and Support Services.
|
|
|
|
9. On the node that is running, click Start, point to Programs, point
|
|
to Administrative Tools, and then click Cluster Administrator.
|
|
|
|
10. Check to see that the cluster disks are online in Cluster
|
|
Administrator.
|
|
|
|
Caution: Be sure that that the cluster disks are online in Cluster
|
|
Administrator before continuing to the next step. When the disks are
|
|
online, it means that Cluster service is working, which means that
|
|
only one node can access the cluster storage at any given time. This
|
|
prevents corruption of the cluster storage.
|
|
|
|
11. Turn on the other node in the cluster and upgrade the operating
|
|
system on that node.
|
|
|
|
The node automatically rejoins the existing cluster.
|
|
|
|
Important: If your cluster storage uses SCSI, you can have two nodes
|
|
in the cluster, but no more. If you want to have more than two nodes
|
|
in the cluster, you must use Fibre Channel for the cluster storage.
|
|
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
4.0 Installation on Cluster Nodes
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
The following sections provide important information about how to
|
|
prepare for cluster installation, begin hardware installation for a
|
|
cluster, and start Setup on the first cluster node.
|
|
|
|
4.1 Planning and Preparing for Cluster Installation
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
Before carrying out cluster installation, you will need to plan
|
|
hardware and network details.
|
|
|
|
Caution: Make sure that Advanced Server and Cluster service are
|
|
installed and running on one node before starting the operating system
|
|
on another node. If the operating system is started on multiple nodes
|
|
before Cluster service is running on one node, the cluster storage
|
|
could be corrupted. Once Cluster service is running properly on one
|
|
node, the other nodes can be installed and configured simultaneously.
|
|
Each node of your cluster must be running Advanced Server.
|
|
|
|
In your planning, review the following items:
|
|
|
|
* Cluster hardware and drivers.
|
|
|
|
Check that your hardware, including your cluster storage and other
|
|
cluster hardware, is compatible with Whistler Advanced Server. To
|
|
check this, see the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) on the
|
|
Whistler CD, in the Support folder, in Hcl.txt. For the most
|
|
up-to-date list of supported hardware, see the Hardware
|
|
Compatibility List by visiting the Microsoft Web site at:
|
|
|
|
http://www.microsoft.com/
|
|
|
|
You must have a separate PCI storage host adapter (SCSI or Fibre
|
|
Channel) for the shared disks. This is in addition to the bootdisk
|
|
adapter.
|
|
|
|
Also check that you have the drivers you need in order to use the
|
|
cluster storage hardware with Whistler Advanced Server. (Drivers
|
|
are available from your hardware manufacturer.)
|
|
|
|
Review the manufacturer's instructions carefully before you begin
|
|
installing cluster hardware. Otherwise, the cluster storage could
|
|
be corrupted. If your cluster hardware includes a SCSI bus, be sure
|
|
to review carefully any instructions about termination of the SCSI
|
|
bus and configuration of SCSI IDs.
|
|
|
|
To simplify configuration and eliminate potential compatibility
|
|
problems, consider using identical hardware for all nodes.
|
|
|
|
* Network adapters on the cluster nodes.
|
|
|
|
In your planning, decide what kind of communication each network
|
|
adapter will carry.
|
|
|
|
Note: To reduce the risks with having a single point of failure,
|
|
plan on having two or more network adapters in each cluster node,
|
|
and connecting each adapter to a physically separate network. The
|
|
adapters on a given node must connect to networks using different
|
|
subnet masks.
|
|
|
|
The following table shows recommended ways of connecting network
|
|
adapters:
|
|
|
|
ADAPTERS
|
|
PER NODE RECOMMENDED USE
|
|
-------- -----------------------------------------------------------
|
|
2 One private network (node-to-node only), plus
|
|
one mixed network (node-to-node plus client-to-cluster).
|
|
|
|
3 Two private networks (node-to-node), plus
|
|
one public network (client-to-cluster).
|
|
With this configuration, the adapters using the private
|
|
network must use static IP addresses (not DHCP).
|
|
or
|
|
One private network (node-to-node), plus
|
|
one public network (client-to-cluster), plus
|
|
one mixed network (node-to-node plus client-to-cluster).
|
|
|
|
The following list provides more details about the types of
|
|
communication that an adapter can carry:
|
|
|
|
* Only node-to-node communication (private network).
|
|
|
|
This implies that the server has one or more additional adapters to
|
|
carry other communication.
|
|
|
|
For node-to-node communication, you will connect the network
|
|
adapter to a private network used exclusively within the
|
|
cluster. Note that if the private network uses a single hub or
|
|
network switch, that piece of equipment becomes a potential
|
|
point of failure in your cluster.
|
|
|
|
The nodes of a cluster must be on the same subnet, but you can use
|
|
virtual LAN (VLAN) switches on the interconnects between two
|
|
nodes. If you use a VLAN, the point-to-point, round-trip latency
|
|
must be less than 1/2 second and the link between two nodes must
|
|
appear as a single point-to-point connection from the perspective
|
|
of the operating system. To avoid single points of failure, use
|
|
independent VLAN hardware for the different paths between the
|
|
nodes.
|
|
|
|
If your nodes use multiple private (node-to-node) networks, the
|
|
adapters for those networks must use static IP addresses (not
|
|
DHCP).
|
|
|
|
* Only client-to-cluster communication (public network).
|
|
|
|
This implies that the server has one or more additional adapters to
|
|
carry other communication.
|
|
|
|
* Both node-to-node and client-to-cluster communication (mixed
|
|
network).
|
|
|
|
If you have only one network adapter per node, it must
|
|
carry both these kinds of communication. If you have multiple
|
|
network adapters per node, a network adapter that carries both
|
|
kinds of communication can provide backup for other network
|
|
adapters.
|
|
|
|
* Communication unrelated to the cluster.
|
|
|
|
If a clustered node also provides services unrelated to the
|
|
cluster, and there are enough adapters in the cluster node, you
|
|
might want to use one adapter for carrying communication unrelated
|
|
to the cluster.
|
|
|
|
Consider choosing a name for each connection that describes its
|
|
purpose. The name will make it easier to identify the connection
|
|
whenever you are configuring the server.
|
|
|
|
* Cluster IP address.
|
|
|
|
Obtain a static IP address for the cluster itself. You cannot use
|
|
DHCP for this address.
|
|
|
|
* IP addressing for cluster nodes.
|
|
|
|
Determine how to handle the IP addressing for the cluster nodes.
|
|
Each network adapter on each node will need IP addressing. You
|
|
can provide IP addressing through DHCP, or you can assign each
|
|
network adapter a static IP address. If you use static IP
|
|
addresses, the addresses for each linked pair of network adapters
|
|
(linked node-to-node) should be on the same subnet.
|
|
|
|
Note: if you use DHCP for the cluster nodes, it can act as a
|
|
single point of failure. That is, if you set up your cluster nodes
|
|
so that they depend on a DHCP server for their IP addresses,
|
|
temporary failure of the DHCP server can mean temporary
|
|
unavailability of the cluster nodes. When deciding whether to use
|
|
DHCP, evaluate ways to ensure availability of DHCP services, and
|
|
consider the possibility of using long leases for the cluster
|
|
nodes. This will help ensure that they always have a valid IP
|
|
address.
|
|
|
|
* Cluster name.
|
|
|
|
Determine or obtain an appropriate name for the cluster. This
|
|
is the name administrators will use for connections to the cluster.
|
|
(The actual applications running on the cluster will typically have
|
|
different network names.) The cluster name must be different from
|
|
the domain name, from all computer names on the domain, and from
|
|
other cluster names on the domain.
|
|
|
|
* Computer accounts and domain assignment for cluster nodes.
|
|
|
|
Make sure that the cluster nodes all have computer accounts in
|
|
the same domain. Cluster nodes cannot be in a workgroup.
|
|
|
|
* Operator user account for installing and configuring the Cluster
|
|
service.
|
|
|
|
To install and configure Cluster service, you must log on to
|
|
each node with an account that has administrative privileges on
|
|
those nodes.
|
|
|
|
* Cluster service user account.
|
|
|
|
Create or obtain the Cluster service user account. This is the
|
|
name and password under which Cluster service will run. You
|
|
will need to supply this user name and password during cluster
|
|
installation.
|
|
|
|
The Cluster service user account should be a new account. The
|
|
account must be a domain account; it cannot be a local account. The
|
|
account also must have local administrative privileges on all of
|
|
the cluster nodes. Be sure to keep the password from expiring on
|
|
the account (follow your organization's policies for password
|
|
renewal).
|
|
|
|
* Volume for important cluster configuration information (checkpoint
|
|
and log files).
|
|
|
|
You need to plan to set aside a volume on your cluster storage
|
|
for holding important cluster configuration information. This
|
|
information makes up the quorum resource of the cluster, needed
|
|
when a cluster node stops functioning. The quorum resource provides
|
|
node-independent storage of crucial data needed by the cluster.
|
|
|
|
The recommended minimum size for the volume is 500 MB. You should use a different volume for the quorum resource than you use for user data.
|
|
|
|
* List of storage devices or disks attached to the first server on
|
|
which you will install clustering.
|
|
|
|
Unless the first server on which you will install clustering has
|
|
relatively few storage devices or disks attached to it, you should
|
|
make a list that identifies the ones intended for cluster storage.
|
|
This makes it easy to choose storage devices or disks correctly
|
|
during cluster configuration.
|
|
|
|
Note: When planning and carrying out disk configuration for the
|
|
cluster disks, configure them as basic disks with all partitions
|
|
formatted as NTFS. Do not configure them as dynamic disks, and do
|
|
not use Encrypting File System, volume mount points, spanned
|
|
volumes (volume sets), or Remote Storage on the cluster disks.
|
|
|
|
The following section describes the physical installation of the
|
|
cluster storage.
|
|
|
|
4.2 Beginning the Installation of the Cluster Hardware
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
The steps you carry out when first physically connecting and
|
|
installing the cluster hardware are crucial. Be sure to follow the
|
|
hardware manufacturer's instructions for these initial steps.
|
|
|
|
Important: Carefully review your network cables after connecting them.
|
|
Make sure no cables are crossed by mistake (for example, private
|
|
network connected to public).
|
|
|
|
Caution: When you first attach your cluster hardware (the shared bus
|
|
and cluster storage), be sure to work only from the firmware
|
|
configuration screens on the cluster nodes (a node is a server in a
|
|
cluster). On a 32-bit computer, use the BIOS configuration screens. On
|
|
a 64-bit computer, use the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI)
|
|
configuration screens. The instructions from your manufacturer will
|
|
describe whether these configuration screens are displayed
|
|
automatically or whether you must, after turning on the computer,
|
|
press specific keys to open them. Follow the manufacturer's
|
|
instructions for completing the BIOS or EFI configuration process.
|
|
Remain in the BIOS or EFI, and do not allow the operating system to
|
|
start during this initial installation phase.
|
|
|
|
4.2.1 Steps to Carry Out in the BIOS or EFI
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Complete the following steps while the cluster nodes are still
|
|
displaying BIOS or EFI configuration screens before starting the
|
|
operating system on the first cluster node.
|
|
|
|
* If you have a SCSI bus, make sure you understand and follow the
|
|
manufacturer's instructions for termination of the SCSI bus.
|
|
|
|
* If you have a SCSI bus, make sure that each device on the shared
|
|
bus (both SCSI controllers and hard disks) has a unique SCSI ID.
|
|
If the SCSI controllers all default to the same ID (often it is
|
|
SCSI ID 7), change one controller to a different SCSI ID such
|
|
as SCSI ID 6. If there is more than one disk that will be on the
|
|
shared SCSI bus, each disk must also have a unique SCSI ID. In
|
|
addition, make sure that the bus is not configured to reset SCSI
|
|
IDs automatically during startup (otherwise the IDs will change
|
|
from the settings you specify).
|
|
|
|
* Ensure that you can scan the bus and see the drives from both
|
|
cluster nodes (while remaining in the BIOS or EFI configuration
|
|
screens).
|
|
|
|
4.3 Completing the Installation
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
After the BIOS or EFI configuration is completed, start the operating
|
|
system on one cluster node only, and carry out the installation of
|
|
Cluster service. Before starting the operating system on another node,
|
|
make sure that Whistler Advanced Server and Cluster service are
|
|
installed and running on that node. If the operating system is started
|
|
on multiple nodes before Cluster service is running on one node, the
|
|
cluster storage could be corrupted.
|
|
|
|
4.4 Installation on the First Cluster Node
|
|
======================================================================
|
|
|
|
It is important that you work on one node (never two nodes) when you
|
|
exit the BIOS or EFI configuration screens and allow the operating
|
|
system to start for the first time.
|
|
|
|
Caution: Make sure that Whistler Advanced Server and Cluster service
|
|
Are installed and running on one node before starting the operating
|
|
system on another node. If the operating system is started on multiple
|
|
nodes before Cluster service is running on one node, the cluster
|
|
storage could be corrupted.
|
|
|
|
4.4.1 Completing the Installation on the First Cluster Node
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
If you have not already installed Whistler Advanced Server on the
|
|
first cluster node, install it now. For information about decisions
|
|
you must make, such as decisions about licensing and about the
|
|
components to install, see the sections earlier in this text file
|
|
series.
|
|
|
|
When Whistler Advanced Server is installed, use the following
|
|
procedure to obtain specific information about how to complete the
|
|
installation of the cluster.
|
|
|
|
>>> To obtain additional information about how to install and
|
|
configure Cluster service:
|
|
|
|
1. With Whistler Advanced Server running on one cluster node, click
|
|
Start, and then click Help and Support.
|
|
|
|
2. Click Enterprise Technologies, and then click Windows Clustering.
|
|
|
|
3. Click Server Clusters.
|
|
|
|
4. Click Checklists: Creating Server Clusters, and then
|
|
click Checklist: Creating a server cluster.
|
|
|
|
5. Use the checklist to guide you through the process of completing
|
|
the installation of your server cluster.
|