package org.warp.commonutils.stream;

/**
 * A {@code PushbackInputStream} adds
 * functionality to another input stream, namely
 * the  ability to "push back" or "unread" bytes,
 * by storing pushed-back bytes in an internal buffer.
 * This is useful in situations where
 * it is convenient for a fragment of code
 * to read an indefinite number of data bytes
 * that  are delimited by a particular byte
 * value; after reading the terminating byte,
 * the  code fragment can "unread" it, so that
 * the next read operation on the input stream
 * will reread the byte that was pushed back.
 * For example, bytes representing the  characters
 * constituting an identifier might be terminated
 * by a byte representing an  operator character;
 * a method whose job is to read just an identifier
 * can read until it  sees the operator and
 * then push the operator back to be re-read.
 *
 * @author  David Connelly
 * @author  Jonathan Payne
 * @since   1.0
 */
public class SafePushbackInputStream extends SafeFilterInputStream {
	/**
	 * The pushback buffer.
	 * @since   1.1
	 */
	protected byte[] buf;

	/**
	 * The position within the pushback buffer from which the next byte will
	 * be read.  When the buffer is empty, {@code pos} is equal to
	 * {@code buf.length}; when the buffer is full, {@code pos} is
	 * equal to zero.
	 *
	 * @since   1.1
	 */
	protected int pos;

	/**
	 * Check to make sure that this stream has not been closed
	 */
	private void ensureOpen() {
		if (in == null)
			throw new IllegalStateException("Stream closed");
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a {@code PushbackInputStream}
	 * with a pushback buffer of the specified {@code size},
	 * and saves its argument, the input stream
	 * {@code in}, for later use. Initially,
	 * the pushback buffer is empty.
	 *
	 * @param  in    the input stream from which bytes will be read.
	 * @param  size  the size of the pushback buffer.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size <= 0}
	 * @since  1.1
	 */
	public SafePushbackInputStream(SafeInputStream in, int size) {
		super(in);
		if (size <= 0) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("size <= 0");
		}
		this.buf = new byte[size];
		this.pos = size;
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a {@code PushbackInputStream}
	 * with a 1-byte pushback buffer, and saves its argument, the input stream
	 * {@code in}, for later use. Initially,
	 * the pushback buffer is empty.
	 *
	 * @param   in   the input stream from which bytes will be read.
	 */
	public SafePushbackInputStream(SafeInputStream in) {
		this(in, 1);
	}

	/**
	 * Reads the next byte of data from this input stream. The value
	 * byte is returned as an {@code int} in the range
	 * {@code 0} to {@code 255}. If no byte is available
	 * because the end of the stream has been reached, the value
	 * {@code -1} is returned. This method blocks until input data
	 * is available, the end of the stream is detected, or an exception
	 * is thrown.
	 *
	 * <p> This method returns the most recently pushed-back byte, if there is
	 * one, and otherwise calls the {@code read} method of its underlying
	 * input stream and returns whatever value that method returns.
	 *
	 * @return     the next byte of data, or {@code -1} if the end of the
	 *             stream has been reached.
	 *             or an I/O error occurs.
	 * @see        java.io.InputStream#read()
	 */
	public int read() {
		ensureOpen();
		if (pos < buf.length) {
			return buf[pos++] & 0xff;
		}
		return super.read();
	}

	/**
	 * Reads up to {@code len} bytes of data from this input stream into
	 * an array of bytes.  This method first reads any pushed-back bytes; after
	 * that, if fewer than {@code len} bytes have been read then it
	 * reads from the underlying input stream. If {@code len} is not zero, the method
	 * blocks until at least 1 byte of input is available; otherwise, no
	 * bytes are read and {@code 0} is returned.
	 *
	 * @param      b     the buffer into which the data is read.
	 * @param      off   the start offset in the destination array {@code b}
	 * @param      len   the maximum number of bytes read.
	 * @return     the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or
	 *             {@code -1} if there is no more data because the end of
	 *             the stream has been reached.
	 * @throws     NullPointerException If {@code b} is {@code null}.
	 * @throws     IndexOutOfBoundsException If {@code off} is negative,
	 *             {@code len} is negative, or {@code len} is greater than
	 *             {@code b.length - off}
	 *             or an I/O error occurs.
	 * @see        java.io.InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)
	 */
	public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
		ensureOpen();
		if (b == null) {
			throw new NullPointerException();
		} else if (off < 0 || len < 0 || len > b.length - off) {
			throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
		} else if (len == 0) {
			return 0;
		}

		int avail = buf.length - pos;
		if (avail > 0) {
			if (len < avail) {
				avail = len;
			}
			System.arraycopy(buf, pos, b, off, avail);
			pos += avail;
			off += avail;
			len -= avail;
		}
		if (len > 0) {
			len = super.read(b, off, len);
			if (len == -1) {
				return avail == 0 ? -1 : avail;
			}
			return avail + len;
		}
		return avail;
	}

	/**
	 * Pushes back a byte by copying it to the front of the pushback buffer.
	 * After this method returns, the next byte to be read will have the value
	 * {@code (byte)b}.
	 *
	 * @param      b   the {@code int} value whose low-order
	 *                  byte is to be pushed back.
	 */
	public void unread(int b) {
		ensureOpen();
		if (pos == 0) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("Push back buffer is full");
		}
		buf[--pos] = (byte)b;
	}

	/**
	 * Pushes back a portion of an array of bytes by copying it to the front
	 * of the pushback buffer.  After this method returns, the next byte to be
	 * read will have the value {@code b[off]}, the byte after that will
	 * have the value {@code b[off+1]}, and so forth.
	 *
	 * @param     b the byte array to push back.
	 * @param     off the start offset of the data.
	 * @param     len the number of bytes to push back.
	 * @throws    NullPointerException If {@code b} is {@code null}.
	 * @since     1.1
	 */
	public void unread(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
		ensureOpen();
		if (len > pos) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("Push back buffer is full");
		}
		pos -= len;
		System.arraycopy(b, off, buf, pos, len);
	}

	/**
	 * Pushes back an array of bytes by copying it to the front of the
	 * pushback buffer.  After this method returns, the next byte to be read
	 * will have the value {@code b[0]}, the byte after that will have the
	 * value {@code b[1]}, and so forth.
	 *
	 * @param     b the byte array to push back
	 * @throws    NullPointerException If {@code b} is {@code null}.
	 * @since     1.1
	 */
	public void unread(byte[] b) {
		unread(b, 0, b.length);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns an estimate of the number of bytes that can be read (or
	 * skipped over) from this input stream without blocking by the next
	 * invocation of a method for this input stream. The next invocation might be
	 * the same thread or another thread.  A single read or skip of this
	 * many bytes will not block, but may read or skip fewer bytes.
	 *
	 * <p> The method returns the sum of the number of bytes that have been
	 * pushed back and the value returned by {@link
	 * SafeFilterInputStream#available available}.
	 *
	 * @return     the number of bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from
	 *             the input stream without blocking.
	 * @see        SafeFilterInputStream#in
	 * @see        java.io.InputStream#available()
	 */
	public int available() {
		ensureOpen();
		int n = buf.length - pos;
		int avail = super.available();
		return n > (Integer.MAX_VALUE - avail)
				? Integer.MAX_VALUE
				: n + avail;
	}

	/**
	 * Skips over and discards {@code n} bytes of data from this
	 * input stream. The {@code skip} method may, for a variety of
	 * reasons, end up skipping over some smaller number of bytes,
	 * possibly zero.  If {@code n} is negative, no bytes are skipped.
	 *
	 * <p> The {@code skip} method of {@code PushbackInputStream}
	 * first skips over the bytes in the pushback buffer, if any.  It then
	 * calls the {@code skip} method of the underlying input stream if
	 * more bytes need to be skipped.  The actual number of bytes skipped
	 * is returned.
	 *
	 * @param      n  {@inheritDoc}
	 * @return     {@inheritDoc}
	 * @see        SafeFilterInputStream#in
	 * @see        java.io.InputStream#skip(long n)
	 * @since      1.2
	 */
	public long skip(long n) {
		ensureOpen();
		if (n <= 0) {
			return 0;
		}

		long pskip = buf.length - pos;
		if (pskip > 0) {
			if (n < pskip) {
				pskip = n;
			}
			pos += pskip;
			n -= pskip;
		}
		if (n > 0) {
			pskip += super.skip(n);
		}
		return pskip;
	}

	/**
	 * Tests if this input stream supports the {@code mark} and
	 * {@code reset} methods, which it does not.
	 *
	 * @return   {@code false}, since this class does not support the
	 *           {@code mark} and {@code reset} methods.
	 * @see      java.io.InputStream#mark(int)
	 * @see      java.io.InputStream#reset()
	 */
	public boolean markSupported() {
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Marks the current position in this input stream.
	 *
	 * <p> The {@code mark} method of {@code PushbackInputStream}
	 * does nothing.
	 *
	 * @param   readlimit   the maximum limit of bytes that can be read before
	 *                      the mark position becomes invalid.
	 * @see     java.io.InputStream#reset()
	 */
	public void mark(int readlimit) {
	}

	/**
	 * Repositions this stream to the position at the time the
	 * {@code mark} method was last called on this input stream.
	 *
	 * <p> The method {@code reset} for class
	 * {@code PushbackInputStream} does nothing except throw an
	 * {@code IOException}.
	 *
	 * @see     java.io.InputStream#mark(int)
	 * @see     java.io.IOException
	 */
	public void reset() {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("mark/reset not supported");
	}

	/**
	 * Closes this input stream and releases any system resources
	 * associated with the stream.
	 * Once the stream has been closed, further read(), unread(),
	 * available(), reset(), or skip() invocations will throw an IOException.
	 * Closing a previously closed stream has no effect.
	 *
	 */
	public void close() {
		if (in == null)
			return;
		in.close();
		in = null;
		buf = null;
	}
}