Clean up the examples

Motivation:

The examples have not been updated since long time ago, showing various
issues fixed in this commit.

Modifications:

- Overall simplification to reduce LoC
  - Use system properties to get options instead of parsing args.
  - Minimize option validation
  - Just use System.out/err instead of Logger
  - Do not pass config as parameters - just access it directly
  - Move the main logic to main(String[]) instead of creating a new
    instance meaninglessly
    - Update netty-build-21 to make checkstyle not complain
  - Remove 'throws Exception' clause if possible
- Line wrap at 120 (previously at 80)
- Add an option to enable SSL for most examples
- Use ChannelFuture.sync() instead of await()
- Use System.out for the actual result. Use System.err otherwise.
- Delete examples that are not very useful:
  - applet
  - websocket/html5
  - websocketx/sslserver
  - localecho/multithreaded
- Add run-example.sh which simplifies launching an example from command
  line
- Rewrite FileServer example

Result:

Shorter and simpler examples.  A user can focus more on what it actually
does than miscellaneous stuff.  A user can launch an example very
easily.

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksAuthRequestDecoder.java

@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Before returning SocksRequest decoder removes itself from pipeline.
  */
 public class SocksAuthRequestDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<SocksAuthRequestDecoder.State> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_AUTH_REQUEST_DECODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
 
     private SocksSubnegotiationVersion version;
     private int fieldLength;

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksAuthResponseDecoder.java

@@ -26,11 +26,6 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Before returning SocksResponse decoder removes itself from pipeline.
  */
 public class SocksAuthResponseDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<SocksAuthResponseDecoder.State> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_AUTH_RESPONSE_DECODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
 
     private SocksSubnegotiationVersion version;
     private SocksAuthStatus authStatus;

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksCmdRequestDecoder.java

@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Before returning SocksRequest decoder removes itself from pipeline.
  */
 public class SocksCmdRequestDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<SocksCmdRequestDecoder.State> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_CMD_REQUEST_DECODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
 
     private SocksProtocolVersion version;
     private int fieldLength;

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksCmdResponseDecoder.java

@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Before returning SocksResponse decoder removes itself from pipeline.
  */
 public class SocksCmdResponseDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<SocksCmdResponseDecoder.State> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_CMD_RESPONSE_DECODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
 
     private SocksProtocolVersion version;
     private int fieldLength;

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksInitRequestDecoder.java

@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Before returning SocksRequest decoder removes itself from pipeline.
  */
 public class SocksInitRequestDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<SocksInitRequestDecoder.State> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_INIT_REQUEST_DECODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
 
     private final List<SocksAuthScheme> authSchemes = new ArrayList<SocksAuthScheme>();
     private SocksProtocolVersion version;

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksInitResponseDecoder.java

@@ -26,11 +26,6 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Before returning SocksResponse decoder removes itself from pipeline.
  */
 public class SocksInitResponseDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<SocksInitResponseDecoder.State> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_INIT_RESPONSE_DECODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
 
     private SocksProtocolVersion version;
     private SocksAuthScheme authScheme;

codec-socks/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/codec/socks/SocksMessageEncoder.java

@@ -28,12 +28,6 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.MessageToByteEncoder;
  */
 @ChannelHandler.Sharable
 public class SocksMessageEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder<SocksMessage> {
-    private static final String name = "SOCKS_MESSAGE_ENCODER";
-
-    public static String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
-
     @Override
     protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, SocksMessage msg, ByteBuf out) throws Exception {
         msg.encodeAsByteBuf(out);

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/applet/AppletDiscardServer.java

@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.applet;
-
-import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
-import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
-import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
-import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
-
-import javax.swing.JApplet;
-
-/**
- * {@link JApplet} which starts up a Server that receive data and discard it.
- */
-public class AppletDiscardServer extends JApplet {
-
-    private static final long serialVersionUID = -7824894101960583175L;
-
-    private EventLoopGroup bossGroup;
-    private EventLoopGroup workerGroup;
-
-    @Override
-    public void init() {
-        bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
-        workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
-        try {
-            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
-            bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
-                     .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-                     .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
-                         @Override
-                         public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                             ch.pipeline().addLast(new DiscardServerHandler());
-                         }
-                     });
-            ChannelFuture f = bootstrap.bind(9999).sync();
-            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
-        } catch (Exception ex) {
-            ex.printStackTrace();
-            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void destroy() {
-        super.destroy();
-        if (bossGroup != null) {
-            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-        if (workerGroup != null) {
-            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static final class DiscardServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {
-
-        @Override
-        public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf msg) throws Exception {
-            System.out.println("Received: " + msg.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
-            cause.printStackTrace();
-            ctx.close();
-        }
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/discard/DiscardClient.java

@@ -17,35 +17,52 @@ package io.netty.example.discard;
 
 import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
+import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;
 
 /**
  * Keeps sending random data to the specified address.
  */
-public class DiscardClient {
+public final class DiscardClient {
 
-    private final String host;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final int port;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private final int firstMessageSize;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8009"));
+    static final int SIZE = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("size", "256"));
 
-    public DiscardClient(String host, int port, int firstMessageSize) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.host = host;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        this.port = port;
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-        this.firstMessageSize = firstMessageSize;
+        if (SSL) {
-    }
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
             b.group(group)
              .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
-             .handler(new DiscardClientHandler(firstMessageSize));
+             .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
+                 @Override
+                 protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                     if (sslCtx != null) {
+                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), HOST, PORT));
+                     }
+                     p.addLast(new DiscardClientHandler());
+                 }
+             });
 
             // Make the connection attempt.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the connection is closed.
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
@@ -53,26 +70,4 @@ public class DiscardClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length < 2 || args.length > 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + DiscardClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <host> <port> [<first message size>]");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        final String host = args[0];
-        final int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-        final int firstMessageSize;
-        if (args.length == 3) {
-            firstMessageSize = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-        } else {
-            firstMessageSize = 256;
-        }
-
-        new DiscardClient(host, port, firstMessageSize).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/discard/DiscardClientHandler.java

@@ -21,59 +21,39 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handles a client-side channel.
  */
 public class DiscardClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            DiscardClientHandler.class.getName());
-
-    private final int messageSize;
     private ByteBuf content;
     private ChannelHandlerContext ctx;
 
-    public DiscardClientHandler(int messageSize) {
-        if (messageSize <= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                    "messageSize: " + messageSize);
-        }
-        this.messageSize = messageSize;
-    }
-
     @Override
-    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx)
+    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
-            throws Exception {
         this.ctx = ctx;
 
         // Initialize the message.
-        content = ctx.alloc().directBuffer(messageSize).writeZero(messageSize);
+        content = ctx.alloc().directBuffer(DiscardClient.SIZE).writeZero(DiscardClient.SIZE);
 
         // Send the initial messages.
         generateTraffic();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         content.release();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         // Server is supposed to send nothing, but if it sends something, discard it.
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            Throwable cause) throws Exception {
         // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
-        logger.log(
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.",
-                cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 
@@ -87,9 +67,12 @@ public class DiscardClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
 
     private final ChannelFutureListener trafficGenerator = new ChannelFutureListener() {
         @Override
-        public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
+        public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) {
             if (future.isSuccess()) {
                 generateTraffic();
+            } else {
+                future.cause().printStackTrace();
+                future.channel().close();
             }
         }
     };

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/discard/DiscardServer.java

@@ -18,38 +18,54 @@ package io.netty.example.discard;
 import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * Discards any incoming data.
  */
-public class DiscardServer {
+public final class DiscardServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8009"));
 
-    public DiscardServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
              .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                  @Override
-                 public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+                 public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-                     ch.pipeline().addLast(new DiscardServerHandler());
+                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                     if (sslCtx != null) {
+                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+                     }
+                     p.addLast(new DiscardServerHandler());
                  }
              });
 
             // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the server socket is closed.
             // In this example, this does not happen, but you can do that to gracefully
@@ -60,14 +76,4 @@ public class DiscardServer {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new DiscardServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/discard/DiscardServerHandler.java

@@ -18,30 +18,20 @@ package io.netty.example.discard;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handles a server-side channel.
  */
 public class DiscardServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            DiscardServerHandler.class.getName());
-
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         // discard
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            Throwable cause) throws Exception {
         // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
-        logger.log(
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.",
-                cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/echo/EchoClient.java

@@ -19,10 +19,15 @@ import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;
 
 /**
  * Sends one message when a connection is open and echoes back any received
@@ -30,19 +35,22 @@ import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
  * traffic between the echo client and server by sending the first message to
  * the server.
  */
-public class EchoClient {
+public final class EchoClient {
 
-    private final String host;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final int port;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private final int firstMessageSize;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));
+    static final int SIZE = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("size", "256"));
 
-    public EchoClient(String host, int port, int firstMessageSize) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.host = host;
+        // Configure SSL.git
-        this.port = port;
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-        this.firstMessageSize = firstMessageSize;
+        if (SSL) {
-    }
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the client.
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
@@ -53,14 +61,17 @@ public class EchoClient {
              .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                  @Override
                  public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                     ch.pipeline().addLast(
+                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
-                             //new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
+                     if (sslCtx != null) {
-                             new EchoClientHandler(firstMessageSize));
+                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), HOST, PORT));
+                     }
+                     //p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
+                     p.addLast(new EchoClientHandler());
                  }
              });
 
             // Start the client.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the connection is closed.
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
@@ -69,26 +80,4 @@ public class EchoClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length < 2 || args.length > 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + EchoClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <host> <port> [<first message size>]");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        final String host = args[0];
-        final int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-        final int firstMessageSize;
-        if (args.length == 3) {
-            firstMessageSize = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-        } else {
-            firstMessageSize = 256;
-        }
-
-        new EchoClient(host, port, firstMessageSize).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/echo/EchoClientHandler.java

@@ -20,9 +20,6 @@ import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handler implementation for the echo client.  It initiates the ping-pong
  * traffic between the echo client and server by sending the first message to
@@ -30,19 +27,13 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
  */
 public class EchoClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            EchoClientHandler.class.getName());
-
     private final ByteBuf firstMessage;
 
     /**
      * Creates a client-side handler.
      */
-    public EchoClientHandler(int firstMessageSize) {
+    public EchoClientHandler() {
-        if (firstMessageSize <= 0) {
+        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(EchoClient.SIZE);
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("firstMessageSize: " + firstMessageSize);
-        }
-        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(firstMessageSize);
         for (int i = 0; i < firstMessage.capacity(); i ++) {
             firstMessage.writeByte((byte) i);
         }
@@ -54,19 +45,19 @@ public class EchoClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
-        logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
+        cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/echo/EchoServer.java

@@ -19,25 +19,34 @@ import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
 import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * Echoes back any received data from a client.
  */
-public class EchoServer {
+public final class EchoServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));
 
-    public EchoServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the server.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@@ -50,14 +59,17 @@ public class EchoServer {
              .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                  @Override
                  public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                     ch.pipeline().addLast(
+                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
-                             //new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
+                     if (sslCtx != null) {
-                             new EchoServerHandler());
+                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+                     }
+                     //p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
+                     p.addLast(new EchoServerHandler());
                  }
              });
 
             // Start the server.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the server socket is closed.
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
@@ -67,14 +79,4 @@ public class EchoServer {
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new EchoServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/echo/EchoServerHandler.java

@@ -19,32 +19,26 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler.Sharable;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handler implementation for the echo server.
  */
 @Sharable
 public class EchoServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            EchoServerHandler.class.getName());
-
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
-        logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
+        cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/BigIntegerDecoder.java

@@ -44,8 +44,7 @@ public class BigIntegerDecoder extends ByteToMessageDecoder {
         int magicNumber = in.readUnsignedByte();
         if (magicNumber != 'F') {
             in.resetReaderIndex();
-            throw new CorruptedFrameException(
+            throw new CorruptedFrameException("Invalid magic number: " + magicNumber);
-                    "Invalid magic number: " + magicNumber);
         }
 
         // Wait until the whole data is available.

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/FactorialClient.java

@@ -20,63 +20,47 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;
 
 /**
  * Sends a sequence of integers to a {@link FactorialServer} to calculate
  * the factorial of the specified integer.
  */
-public class FactorialClient {
+public final class FactorialClient {
 
-    private final String host;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final int port;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private final int count;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8322"));
+    static final int COUNT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("count", "1000"));
 
-    public FactorialClient(String host, int port, int count) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.host = host;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        this.port = port;
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-        this.count = count;
+        if (SSL) {
-    }
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
             b.group(group)
              .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
-             .handler(new FactorialClientInitializer(count));
+             .handler(new FactorialClientInitializer(sslCtx));
 
             // Make a new connection.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();
 
             // Get the handler instance to retrieve the answer.
             FactorialClientHandler handler =
                 (FactorialClientHandler) f.channel().pipeline().last();
 
             // Print out the answer.
-            System.err.format(
+            System.err.format("Factorial of %,d is: %,d", COUNT, handler.getFactorial());
-                    "Factorial of %,d is: %,d", count, handler.getFactorial());
         } finally {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length != 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + FactorialClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <host> <port> <count>");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        String host = args[0];
-        int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-        int count = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-        if (count <= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("count must be a positive integer.");
-        }
-
-        new FactorialClient(host, port, count).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/FactorialClientHandler.java

@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
 import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
 /**
  * Handler for a client-side channel.  This handler maintains stateful
@@ -35,30 +33,24 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
  */
 public class FactorialClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<BigInteger> {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            FactorialClientHandler.class.getName());
-
     private ChannelHandlerContext ctx;
     private int receivedMessages;
     private int next = 1;
-    private final int count;
     final BlockingQueue<BigInteger> answer = new LinkedBlockingQueue<BigInteger>();
 
-    public FactorialClientHandler(int count) {
-        this.count = count;
-    }
-
     public BigInteger getFactorial() {
         boolean interrupted = false;
-        for (;;) {
+        try {
-            try {
+            for (;;) {
-                BigInteger factorial = answer.take();
+                try {
-                if (interrupted) {
+                    return answer.take();
-                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {
+                    interrupted = true;
                 }
-                return factorial;
+            }
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+        } finally {
-                interrupted = true;
+            if (interrupted) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -72,7 +64,7 @@ public class FactorialClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<BigInteg
     @Override
     public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, final BigInteger msg) {
         receivedMessages ++;
-        if (receivedMessages == count) {
+        if (receivedMessages == FactorialClient.COUNT) {
             // Offer the answer after closing the connection.
             ctx.channel().close().addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
                 @Override
@@ -85,22 +77,19 @@ public class FactorialClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<BigInteg
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-        logger.log(
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 
     private void sendNumbers() {
         // Do not send more than 4096 numbers.
         ChannelFuture future = null;
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4096 && next <= count; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4096 && next <= FactorialClient.COUNT; i++) {
             future = ctx.write(Integer.valueOf(next));
             next++;
         }
-        if (next <= count) {
+        if (next <= FactorialClient.COUNT) {
             assert future != null;
             future.addListener(numberSender);
         }
@@ -112,6 +101,9 @@ public class FactorialClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<BigInteg
         public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
             if (future.isSuccess()) {
                 sendNumbers();
+            } else {
+                future.cause().printStackTrace();
+                future.channel().close();
             }
         }
     };

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/FactorialClientInitializer.java

@@ -20,31 +20,36 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.compression.ZlibCodecFactory;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.compression.ZlibWrapper;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
 /**
  * Creates a newly configured {@link ChannelPipeline} for a client-side channel.
  */
 public class FactorialClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
 
-    private final int count;
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
 
-    public FactorialClientInitializer(int count) {
+    public FactorialClientInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
-        this.count = count;
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
         ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
 
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
+            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), FactorialClient.HOST, FactorialClient.PORT));
+        }
+
         // Enable stream compression (you can remove these two if unnecessary)
-        pipeline.addLast("deflater", ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibEncoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
+        pipeline.addLast(ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibEncoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
-        pipeline.addLast("inflater", ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibDecoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
+        pipeline.addLast(ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibDecoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
 
         // Add the number codec first,
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new BigIntegerDecoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new BigIntegerDecoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new NumberEncoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new NumberEncoder());
 
         // and then business logic.
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new FactorialClientHandler(count));
+        pipeline.addLast(new FactorialClientHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/FactorialServer.java

@@ -19,42 +19,43 @@ import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * Receives a sequence of integers from a {@link FactorialClient} to calculate
  * the factorial of the specified integer.
  */
-public class FactorialServer {
+public final class FactorialServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8322"));
 
-    public FactorialServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new FactorialServerInitializer());
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new FactorialServerInitializer(sslCtx));
 
-            b.bind(port).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+            b.bind(PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new FactorialServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/FactorialServerHandler.java

@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 
 import java.math.BigInteger;
-import java.util.Formatter;
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
 /**
  * Handler for a server-side channel.  This handler maintains stateful
@@ -32,14 +29,11 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
  */
 public class FactorialServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<BigInteger> {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            FactorialServerHandler.class.getName());
-
     private BigInteger lastMultiplier = new BigInteger("1");
     private BigInteger factorial = new BigInteger("1");
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, BigInteger msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, BigInteger msg) {
         // Calculate the cumulative factorial and send it to the client.
         lastMultiplier = msg;
         factorial = factorial.multiply(msg);
@@ -48,17 +42,12 @@ public class FactorialServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<BigInteg
 
     @Override
     public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
-        Formatter fmt = new Formatter();
+        System.err.printf("Factorial of %,d is: %,d%n", lastMultiplier, factorial);
-        logger.info(fmt.format(
-                "Factorial of %,d is: %,d", lastMultiplier, factorial).toString());
-        fmt.close();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
-        logger.log(
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/FactorialServerInitializer.java

@@ -20,26 +20,38 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.compression.ZlibCodecFactory;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.compression.ZlibWrapper;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
 /**
  * Creates a newly configured {@link ChannelPipeline} for a server-side channel.
  */
 public class FactorialServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+
+    public FactorialServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+    }
+
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
         ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
 
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
+            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+        }
+
         // Enable stream compression (you can remove these two if unnecessary)
-        pipeline.addLast("deflater", ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibEncoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
+        pipeline.addLast(ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibEncoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
-        pipeline.addLast("inflater", ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibDecoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
+        pipeline.addLast(ZlibCodecFactory.newZlibDecoder(ZlibWrapper.GZIP));
 
         // Add the number codec first,
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new BigIntegerDecoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new BigIntegerDecoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new NumberEncoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new NumberEncoder());
 
         // and then business logic.
         // Please note we create a handler for every new channel
         // because it has stateful properties.
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new FactorialServerHandler());
+        pipeline.addLast(new FactorialServerHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/factorial/NumberEncoder.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import java.math.BigInteger;
 public class NumberEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder<Number> {
 
     @Override
-    protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Number msg, ByteBuf out) throws Exception {
+    protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Number msg, ByteBuf out) {
         // Convert to a BigInteger first for easier implementation.
         BigInteger v;
         if (msg instanceof BigInteger) {

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/file/FileServer.java

@@ -13,17 +13,14 @@
  * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
  * under the License.
  */
-package io.netty.example.filetransfer;
+package io.netty.example.file;
 
 import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
-import io.netty.channel.DefaultFileRegion;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.FileRegion;
-import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
@@ -32,23 +29,30 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
 import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
 import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
+import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
 import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
-
 /**
  * Server that accept the path of a file an echo back its content.
  */
-public class FileServer {
+public final class FileServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    // Use the same default port with the telnet example so that we can use the telnet client example to access it.
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8992" : "8023"));
 
-    public FileServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the server.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@@ -61,16 +65,21 @@ public class FileServer {
              .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                  @Override
                  public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                     ch.pipeline().addLast(
+                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                     if (sslCtx != null) {
+                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+                     }
+                     p.addLast(
                              new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8),
                              new LineBasedFrameDecoder(8192),
                              new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8),
-                             new FileHandler());
+                             new ChunkedWriteHandler(),
+                             new FileServerHandler());
                  }
              });
 
             // Start the server.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the server socket is closed.
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
@@ -80,41 +89,4 @@ public class FileServer {
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new FileServer(port).run();
-    }
-
-    private static final class FileHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
-        @Override
-        public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
-            File file = new File(msg);
-            if (file.exists()) {
-                if (!file.isFile()) {
-                    ctx.writeAndFlush("Not a file: " + file + '\n');
-                    return;
-                }
-                ctx.write(file + " " + file.length() + '\n');
-                FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
-                FileRegion region = new DefaultFileRegion(fis.getChannel(), 0, file.length());
-                ctx.write(region);
-                ctx.writeAndFlush("\n");
-                fis.close();
-            } else {
-                ctx.writeAndFlush("File not found: " + file + '\n');
-            }
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
-            cause.printStackTrace();
-            ctx.close();
-        }
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/file/FileServerHandler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2014 The Netty Project
+ *
+ * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
+ * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+ * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+ * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package io.netty.example.file;
+
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
+import io.netty.channel.DefaultFileRegion;
+import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedFile;
+
+import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
+
+public class FileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
+
+    @Override
+    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
+        ctx.writeAndFlush("HELO: Type the path of the file to retrieve.\n");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
+        RandomAccessFile raf = null;
+        long length = -1;
+        try {
+            raf = new RandomAccessFile(msg, "r");
+            length = raf.length();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            ctx.writeAndFlush("ERR: " + e.getClass().getSimpleName() + ": " + e.getMessage() + '\n');
+            return;
+        } finally {
+            if (length < 0 && raf != null) {
+                raf.close();
+            }
+        }
+
+        ctx.write("OK: " + raf.length() + '\n');
+        if (ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class) == null) {
+            // SSL not enabled - can use zero-copy file transfer.
+            ctx.write(new DefaultFileRegion(raf.getChannel(), 0, length));
+        } else {
+            // SSL enabled - cannot use zero-copy file transfer.
+            ctx.write(new ChunkedFile(raf));
+        }
+        ctx.writeAndFlush("\n");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
+        cause.printStackTrace();
+
+        if (ctx.channel().isActive()) {
+            ctx.writeAndFlush("ERR: " +
+                    cause.getClass().getSimpleName() + ": " +
+                    cause.getMessage() + '\n').addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
+        }
+    }
+}
+

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/cors/HttpCorsServer.java

@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * This example server aims to demonstrate
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@ import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
  * a html page that is loaded to try out CORS support in a web brower.
  * <p>
  *
- * CORS is configured in {@link HttpServerInitializer} and by updating the config you can
+ * CORS is configured in {@link HttpCorsServerInitializer} and by updating the config you can
  * try out various combinations, like using a specific origin instead of a
  * wildcard origin ('*').
  * <p>
@@ -63,40 +67,37 @@ import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
  * If you inspect the headers being sent using your browser you'll see that the 'Origin'
  * request header is {@code 'null'}. This is expected and happens when you load a file from the
  * local file system. Netty can handle this by configuring the CorsHandler which is done
- * in the {@link HttpServerInitializer}.
+ * in the {@link HttpCorsServerInitializer}.
  *
  */
-public class HttpServer {
+public final class HttpCorsServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
 
-    public HttpServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new HttpServerInitializer());
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new HttpCorsServerInitializer(sslCtx));
 
-            b.bind(port).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+            b.bind(PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new HttpServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/cors/HttpCorsServerInitializer.java

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.cors.CorsConfig;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.cors.CorsHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
 
 /**
@@ -68,19 +69,27 @@ import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
  * corsConfig.exposedHeaders("custom-response-header");
  * </pre>
  */
-public class HttpServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+public class HttpCorsServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+
+    public HttpCorsServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+    }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
-
         CorsConfig corsConfig = CorsConfig.withAnyOrigin().build();
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
+        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
-        pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
+            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
-        pipeline.addLast("chunkedWriter", new ChunkedWriteHandler());
+        }
-        pipeline.addLast("cors", new CorsHandler(corsConfig));
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpResponseEncoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new OkResponseHandler());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
+        pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
+        pipeline.addLast(new CorsHandler(corsConfig));
+        pipeline.addLast(new OkResponseHandler());
     }
 
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/cors/OkResponseHandler.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
 public class OkResponseHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         final DefaultHttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.OK);
         response.headers().set("custom-response-header", "Some value");
         ctx.writeAndFlush(response).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/file/HttpStaticFileServer.java

@@ -16,41 +16,49 @@
 package io.netty.example.http.file;
 
 import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
+import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslProvider;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 public class HttpStaticFileServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
 
-    public HttpStaticFileServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(SslProvider.JDK, ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new HttpStaticFileServerInitializer());
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new HttpStaticFileServerInitializer(sslCtx));
 
-            b.bind(port).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
+
+            System.err.println("Open your web browser and navigate to " +
+                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + '/');
+
+            ch.closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new HttpStaticFileServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/file/HttpStaticFileServerHandler.java

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.LastHttpContent;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedFile;
 import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 import io.netty.util.internal.SystemPropertyUtil;
@@ -108,15 +109,8 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
     public static final String HTTP_DATE_GMT_TIMEZONE = "GMT";
     public static final int HTTP_CACHE_SECONDS = 60;
 
-    private final boolean useSendFile;
-
-    public HttpStaticFileServerHandler(boolean useSendFile) {
-        this.useSendFile = useSendFile;
-    }
-
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest request) throws Exception {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest request) throws Exception {
         if (!request.getDecoderResult().isSuccess()) {
             sendError(ctx, BAD_REQUEST);
             return;
@@ -173,7 +167,7 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
         RandomAccessFile raf;
         try {
             raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
-        } catch (FileNotFoundException fnfe) {
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException ignore) {
             sendError(ctx, NOT_FOUND);
             return;
         }
@@ -192,7 +186,7 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
 
         // Write the content.
         ChannelFuture sendFileFuture;
-        if (useSendFile) {
+        if (ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class) == null) {
             sendFileFuture =
                     ctx.write(new DefaultFileRegion(raf.getChannel(), 0, fileLength), ctx.newProgressivePromise());
         } else {
@@ -204,15 +198,15 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
             @Override
             public void operationProgressed(ChannelProgressiveFuture future, long progress, long total) {
                 if (total < 0) { // total unknown
-                    System.err.println("Transfer progress: " + progress);
+                    System.err.println(future.channel() + " Transfer progress: " + progress);
                 } else {
-                    System.err.println("Transfer progress: " + progress + " / " + total);
+                    System.err.println(future.channel() + " Transfer progress: " + progress + " / " + total);
                 }
             }
 
             @Override
-            public void operationComplete(ChannelProgressiveFuture future) throws Exception {
+            public void operationComplete(ChannelProgressiveFuture future) {
-                System.err.println("Transfer complete.");
+                System.err.println(future.channel() + " Transfer complete.");
             }
         });
 
@@ -227,7 +221,7 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         if (ctx.channel().isActive()) {
             sendError(ctx, INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
@@ -241,11 +235,7 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
         try {
             uri = URLDecoder.decode(uri, "UTF-8");
         } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
-            try {
+            throw new Error(e);
-                uri = URLDecoder.decode(uri, "ISO-8859-1");
-            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
-                throw new Error();
-            }
         }
 
         if (!uri.startsWith("/")) {
@@ -326,7 +316,7 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
 
     private static void sendError(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpResponseStatus status) {
         FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
-                HTTP_1_1, status, Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Failure: " + status.toString() + "\r\n", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
+                HTTP_1_1, status, Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Failure: " + status + "\r\n", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
         response.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
 
         // Close the connection as soon as the error message is sent.
@@ -397,5 +387,4 @@ public class HttpStaticFileServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Ful
         MimetypesFileTypeMap mimeTypesMap = new MimetypesFileTypeMap();
         response.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE, mimeTypesMap.getContentType(file.getPath()));
     }
-
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/file/HttpStaticFileServerInitializer.java

@@ -19,26 +19,27 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
 
 public class HttpStaticFileServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+
+    public HttpStaticFileServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+    }
+
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-        // Create a default pipeline implementation.
         ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
-
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
-        // Uncomment the following line if you want HTTPS
+            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
-        //SSLEngine engine = SecureChatSslContextFactory.getServerContext().createSSLEngine();
+        }
-        //engine.setUseClientMode(false);
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
-        //pipeline.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
-
+        pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpStaticFileServerHandler());
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
-        pipeline.addLast("chunkedWriter", new ChunkedWriteHandler());
-
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new HttpStaticFileServerHandler(true)); // Specify false if SSL.
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/helloworld/HttpHelloWorldServer.java

@@ -21,20 +21,30 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * An HTTP server that sends back the content of the received HTTP request
  * in a pretty plaintext form.
  */
-public class HttpHelloWorldServer {
+public final class HttpHelloWorldServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
 
-    public HttpHelloWorldServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the server.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@@ -43,23 +53,18 @@ public class HttpHelloWorldServer {
             b.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer());
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer(sslCtx));
+
+            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
+
+            System.err.println("Open your web browser and navigate to " +
+                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + '/');
 
-            Channel ch = b.bind(port).sync().channel();
             ch.closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new HttpHelloWorldServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/helloworld/HttpHelloWorldServerHandler.java

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class HttpHelloWorldServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
             HttpRequest req = (HttpRequest) msg;
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public class HttpHelloWorldServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/helloworld/HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer.java

@@ -19,18 +19,23 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
 public class HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+
+    public HttpHelloWorldServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+    }
+
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
         ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
-
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
-        // Uncomment the following line if you want HTTPS
+            p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
-        //SSLEngine engine = SecureChatSslContextFactory.getServerContext().createSSLEngine();
+        }
-        //engine.setUseClientMode(false);
+        p.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
-        //p.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
+        p.addLast(new HttpHelloWorldServerHandler());
-
-        p.addLast("codec", new HttpServerCodec());
-        p.addLast("handler", new HttpHelloWorldServerHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/snoop/HttpSnoopClient.java

@@ -36,17 +36,14 @@ import java.net.URI;
  * A simple HTTP client that prints out the content of the HTTP response to
  * {@link System#out} to test {@link HttpSnoopServer}.
  */
-public class HttpSnoopClient {
+public final class HttpSnoopClient {
 
-    private final URI uri;
+    static final String URL = System.getProperty("url", "http://127.0.0.1:8080/");
 
-    public HttpSnoopClient(URI uri) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.uri = uri;
+        URI uri = new URI(URL);
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         String scheme = uri.getScheme() == null? "http" : uri.getScheme();
-        String host = uri.getHost() == null? "localhost" : uri.getHost();
+        String host = uri.getHost() == null? "127.0.0.1" : uri.getHost();
         int port = uri.getPort();
         if (port == -1) {
             if ("http".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
@@ -61,8 +58,9 @@ public class HttpSnoopClient {
             return;
         }
 
+        // Configure SSL context if necessary.
+        final boolean ssl = "https".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme);
         final SslContext sslCtx;
-        boolean ssl = "https".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme);
         if (ssl) {
             sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
         } else {
@@ -104,16 +102,4 @@ public class HttpSnoopClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        if (args.length != 1) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + HttpSnoopClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <URL>");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        URI uri = new URI(args[0]);
-        new HttpSnoopClient(uri).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/snoop/HttpSnoopClientHandler.java

@@ -27,44 +27,44 @@ import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 public class HttpSnoopClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) {
         if (msg instanceof HttpResponse) {
             HttpResponse response = (HttpResponse) msg;
 
-            System.out.println("STATUS: " + response.getStatus());
+            System.err.println("STATUS: " + response.getStatus());
-            System.out.println("VERSION: " + response.getProtocolVersion());
+            System.err.println("VERSION: " + response.getProtocolVersion());
-            System.out.println();
+            System.err.println();
 
             if (!response.headers().isEmpty()) {
                 for (String name: response.headers().names()) {
                     for (String value: response.headers().getAll(name)) {
-                        System.out.println("HEADER: " + name + " = " + value);
+                        System.err.println("HEADER: " + name + " = " + value);
                     }
                 }
-                System.out.println();
+                System.err.println();
             }
 
             if (HttpHeaders.isTransferEncodingChunked(response)) {
-                System.out.println("CHUNKED CONTENT {");
+                System.err.println("CHUNKED CONTENT {");
             } else {
-                System.out.println("CONTENT {");
+                System.err.println("CONTENT {");
             }
         }
         if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
             HttpContent content = (HttpContent) msg;
 
-            System.out.print(content.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
+            System.err.print(content.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
-            System.out.flush();
+            System.err.flush();
 
             if (content instanceof LastHttpContent) {
-                System.out.println("} END OF CONTENT");
+                System.err.println("} END OF CONTENT");
+                ctx.close();
             }
         }
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/snoop/HttpSnoopClientInitializer.java

@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpClientCodec;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContentDecompressor;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
 public class HttpSnoopClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
@@ -33,25 +31,22 @@ public class HttpSnoopClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-        // Create a default pipeline implementation.
         ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
 
-        p.addLast("log", new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
-
         // Enable HTTPS if necessary.
         if (sslCtx != null) {
-            p.addLast("ssl", sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+            p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
         }
 
-        p.addLast("codec", new HttpClientCodec());
+        p.addLast(new HttpClientCodec());
 
         // Remove the following line if you don't want automatic content decompression.
-        p.addLast("inflater", new HttpContentDecompressor());
+        p.addLast(new HttpContentDecompressor());
 
-        // Uncomment the following line if you don't want to handle HttpChunks.
+        // Uncomment the following line if you don't want to handle HttpContents.
-        //p.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(1048576));
+        //p.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(1048576));
 
-        p.addLast("handler", new HttpSnoopClientHandler());
+        p.addLast(new HttpSnoopClientHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/snoop/HttpSnoopServer.java

@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * An HTTP server that sends back the content of the received HTTP request
@@ -27,13 +31,19 @@ import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
  */
 public class HttpSnoopServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
 
-    public HttpSnoopServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the server.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@@ -41,23 +51,18 @@ public class HttpSnoopServer {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new HttpSnoopServerInitializer());
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new HttpSnoopServerInitializer(sslCtx));
+
+            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
+
+            System.err.println("Open your web browser and navigate to " +
+                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + '/');
 
-            Channel ch = b.bind(port).sync().channel();
             ch.closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new HttpSnoopServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/snoop/HttpSnoopServerHandler.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package io.netty.example.http.snoop;
 
 import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.DecoderResult;
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ public class HttpSnoopServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
     private final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
@@ -123,7 +124,10 @@ public class HttpSnoopServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
                     buf.append("\r\n");
                 }
 
-                writeResponse(trailer, ctx);
+                if (!writeResponse(trailer, ctx)) {
+                    // If keep-alive is off, close the connection once the content is fully written.
+                    ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -185,7 +189,7 @@ public class HttpSnoopServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/snoop/HttpSnoopServerInitializer.java

@@ -20,24 +20,28 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
 public class HttpSnoopServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+
+    public HttpSnoopServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+    }
+
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-        // Create a default pipeline implementation.
         ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
-
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
-        // Uncomment the following line if you want HTTPS
+            p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
-        //SSLEngine engine = SecureChatSslContextFactory.getServerContext().createSSLEngine();
+        }
-        //engine.setUseClientMode(false);
+        p.addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder());
-        //p.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
-
-        p.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
         // Uncomment the following line if you don't want to handle HttpChunks.
-        //p.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(1048576));
+        //p.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(1048576));
-        p.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
+        p.addLast(new HttpResponseEncoder());
         // Remove the following line if you don't want automatic content compression.
-        //p.addLast("deflater", new HttpContentCompressor());
+        //p.addLast(new HttpContentCompressor());
-        p.addLast("handler", new HttpSnoopServerHandler());
+        p.addLast(new HttpSnoopServerHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/upload/HttpUploadClientHandler.java

@@ -24,59 +24,55 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.LastHttpContent;
 import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handler that just dumps the contents of the response from the server
  */
 public class HttpUploadClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpUploadClientHandler.class.getName());
-
     private boolean readingChunks;
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) {
         if (msg instanceof HttpResponse) {
             HttpResponse response = (HttpResponse) msg;
 
-            logger.info("STATUS: " + response.getStatus());
+            System.err.println("STATUS: " + response.getStatus());
-            logger.info("VERSION: " + response.getProtocolVersion());
+            System.err.println("VERSION: " + response.getProtocolVersion());
 
             if (!response.headers().isEmpty()) {
                 for (String name : response.headers().names()) {
                     for (String value : response.headers().getAll(name)) {
-                        logger.info("HEADER: " + name + " = " + value);
+                        System.err.println("HEADER: " + name + " = " + value);
                     }
                 }
             }
 
             if (response.getStatus().code() == 200 && HttpHeaders.isTransferEncodingChunked(response)) {
                 readingChunks = true;
-                logger.info("CHUNKED CONTENT {");
+                System.err.println("CHUNKED CONTENT {");
             } else {
-                logger.info("CONTENT {");
+                System.err.println("CONTENT {");
             }
         }
         if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
             HttpContent chunk = (HttpContent) msg;
-            logger.info(chunk.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
+            System.err.println(chunk.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
 
             if (chunk instanceof LastHttpContent) {
                 if (readingChunks) {
-                    logger.info("} END OF CHUNKED CONTENT");
+                    System.err.println("} END OF CHUNKED CONTENT");
                 } else {
-                    logger.info("} END OF CONTENT");
+                    System.err.println("} END OF CONTENT");
                 }
                 readingChunks = false;
             } else {
-                logger.info(chunk.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
+                System.err.println(chunk.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
             }
         }
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.channel().close();
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/upload/HttpUploadClientIntializer.java

@@ -32,8 +32,7 @@ public class HttpUploadClientIntializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-        // Create a default pipeline implementation.
         ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
 
         if (sslCtx != null) {

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/upload/HttpUploadServer.java

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
@@ -28,26 +30,32 @@ import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
  */
 public class HttpUploadServer {
 
-    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final int port;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
-    public static boolean isSSL;
 
-    public HttpUploadServer(SslContext sslCtx, int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        this.port = port;
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-    }
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
-            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
+            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);
-                    .childHandler(new HttpUploadServerInitializer(sslCtx));
+            b.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
+            b.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
+            b.childHandler(new HttpUploadServerInitializer(sslCtx));
 
-            Channel ch = b.bind(port).sync().channel();
+            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
-            System.out.println("HTTP Upload Server at port " + port + '.');
+
-            System.out.println("Open your browser and navigate to http://localhost:" + port + '/');
+            System.err.println("Open your web browser and navigate to " +
+                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + '/');
 
             ch.closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
@@ -55,26 +63,4 @@ public class HttpUploadServer {
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        if (args.length > 1) {
-            isSSL = true;
-        }
-
-        // Configure SSL.
-        SslContext sslCtx;
-        if (isSSL) {
-            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
-            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
-        } else {
-            sslCtx = null;
-        }
-        new HttpUploadServer(sslCtx, port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/upload/HttpUploadServerHandler.java

@@ -71,10 +71,8 @@ public class HttpUploadServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObj
 
     private final StringBuilder responseContent = new StringBuilder();
 
-    private static final HttpDataFactory factory = new DefaultHttpDataFactory(DefaultHttpDataFactory.MINSIZE); //Disk
+    private static final HttpDataFactory factory =
-                                                                                                              // if
+            new DefaultHttpDataFactory(DefaultHttpDataFactory.MINSIZE); // Disk if size exceed
-                                                                                                              // size
-                                                                                                              // exceed
 
     private HttpPostRequestDecoder decoder;
     static {
@@ -128,7 +126,7 @@ public class HttpUploadServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObj
                 cookies = CookieDecoder.decode(value);
             }
             for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
-                responseContent.append("COOKIE: " + cookie.toString() + "\r\n");
+                responseContent.append("COOKIE: " + cookie + "\r\n");
             }
             responseContent.append("\r\n\r\n");
 
@@ -247,10 +245,10 @@ public class HttpUploadServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObj
                         + attribute.getName() + " data too long\r\n");
             } else {
                 responseContent.append("\r\nBODY Attribute: " + attribute.getHttpDataType().name() + ": "
-                        + attribute.toString() + "\r\n");
+                        + attribute + "\r\n");
             }
         } else {
-            responseContent.append("\r\nBODY FileUpload: " + data.getHttpDataType().name() + ": " + data.toString()
+            responseContent.append("\r\nBODY FileUpload: " + data.getHttpDataType().name() + ": " + data
                     + "\r\n");
             if (data.getHttpDataType() == HttpDataType.FileUpload) {
                 FileUpload fileUpload = (FileUpload) data;

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/upload/HttpUploadServerInitializer.java

@@ -32,21 +32,19 @@ public class HttpUploadServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChanne
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
-        // Create a default pipeline implementation.
         ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
 
         if (sslCtx != null) {
-            pipeline.addLast("ssl", sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
         }
 
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpResponseEncoder());
 
-        // Remove the following line if you don't want automatic content
+        // Remove the following line if you don't want automatic content compression.
-        // compression.
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpContentCompressor());
-        pipeline.addLast("deflater", new HttpContentCompressor());
 
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new HttpUploadServerHandler());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpUploadServerHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/client/WebSocketClient.java

@@ -15,6 +15,29 @@
  */
 package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.client;
 
+import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
+import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
+import io.netty.channel.Channel;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
+import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
+import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
+import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
+import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpHeaders;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpClientCodec;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.CloseWebSocketFrame;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.PingWebSocketFrame;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketFrame;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketVersion;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.net.URI;
 
 /**
@@ -31,17 +54,89 @@ import java.net.URI;
  * as this is the default.
  */
 public final class WebSocketClient {
-    private WebSocketClient() {
-    }
 
-    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+    static final String URL = System.getProperty("url", "ws://127.0.0.1:8080/websocket");
-        URI uri;
+
-        if (args.length > 0) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-            uri = new URI(args[0]);
+        URI uri = new URI(URL);
+        String scheme = uri.getScheme() == null? "http" : uri.getScheme();
+        final String host = uri.getHost() == null? "127.0.0.1" : uri.getHost();
+        final int port;
+        if (uri.getPort() == -1) {
+            if ("http".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
+                port = 80;
+            } else if ("https".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
+                port = 443;
+            } else {
+                port = -1;
+            }
         } else {
-            uri = new URI("ws://localhost:8080/websocket");
+            port = uri.getPort();
         }
 
-        new WebSocketClientRunner(uri).run();
+        if (!"ws".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme) && !"wss".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
+            System.err.println("Only WS(S) is supported.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final boolean ssl = "wss".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme);
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (ssl) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
+
+        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
+        try {
+            // Connect with V13 (RFC 6455 aka HyBi-17). You can change it to V08 or V00.
+            // If you change it to V00, ping is not supported and remember to change
+            // HttpResponseDecoder to WebSocketHttpResponseDecoder in the pipeline.
+            final WebSocketClientHandler handler =
+                    new WebSocketClientHandler(
+                            WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory.newHandshaker(
+                                    uri, WebSocketVersion.V13, null, false, new DefaultHttpHeaders()));
+
+            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
+            b.group(group)
+             .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
+             .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
+                 @Override
+                 protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
+                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                     if (sslCtx != null) {
+                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), host, port));
+                     }
+                     p.addLast(
+                             new HttpClientCodec(),
+                             new HttpObjectAggregator(8192),
+                             handler);
+                 }
+             });
+
+            Channel ch = b.connect(uri.getHost(), port).sync().channel();
+            handler.handshakeFuture().sync();
+
+            BufferedReader console = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
+            while (true) {
+                String msg = console.readLine();
+                if (msg == null) {
+                    break;
+                } else if ("bye".equals(msg.toLowerCase())) {
+                    ch.writeAndFlush(new CloseWebSocketFrame());
+                    ch.closeFuture().sync();
+                    break;
+                } else if ("ping".equals(msg.toLowerCase())) {
+                    WebSocketFrame frame = new PingWebSocketFrame(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(new byte[] { 8, 1, 8, 1 }));
+                    ch.writeAndFlush(frame);
+                } else {
+                    WebSocketFrame frame = new TextWebSocketFrame(msg);
+                    ch.writeAndFlush(frame);
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            group.shutdownGracefully();
+        }
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/client/WebSocketClientHandler.java

@@ -64,22 +64,22 @@ public class WebSocketClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         handshakeFuture = ctx.newPromise();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         handshaker.handshake(ctx.channel());
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         System.out.println("WebSocket Client disconnected!");
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         Channel ch = ctx.channel();
         if (!handshaker.isHandshakeComplete()) {
             handshaker.finishHandshake(ch, (FullHttpResponse) msg);
@@ -90,8 +90,9 @@ public class WebSocketClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
 
         if (msg instanceof FullHttpResponse) {
             FullHttpResponse response = (FullHttpResponse) msg;
-            throw new Exception("Unexpected FullHttpResponse (getStatus=" + response.getStatus() + ", content="
+            throw new IllegalStateException(
-                    + response.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8) + ')');
+                    "Unexpected FullHttpResponse (getStatus=" + response.getStatus() +
+                            ", content=" + response.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8) + ')');
         }
 
         WebSocketFrame frame = (WebSocketFrame) msg;
@@ -107,13 +108,11 @@ public class WebSocketClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
-
         if (!handshakeFuture.isDone()) {
             handshakeFuture.setFailure(cause);
         }
-
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/client/WebSocketClientRunner.java

@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2014 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.client;
-
-import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
-import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
-import io.netty.channel.Channel;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpHeaders;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpClientCodec;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.CloseWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.PingWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketVersion;
-import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
-
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
-import java.io.BufferedReader;
-import java.io.InputStreamReader;
-import java.net.URI;
-
-public final class WebSocketClientRunner {
-
-    private final URI uri;
-
-    public WebSocketClientRunner(URI uri) {
-        this.uri = uri;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
-        try {
-            // Connect with V13 (RFC 6455 aka HyBi-17). You can change it to V08 or V00.
-            // If you change it to V00, ping is not supported and remember to change
-            // HttpResponseDecoder to WebSocketHttpResponseDecoder in the pipeline.
-            final WebSocketClientHandler handler =
-                    new WebSocketClientHandler(
-                            WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory.newHandshaker(
-                                    uri, WebSocketVersion.V13, null, false, new DefaultHttpHeaders()));
-
-            final String protocol = uri.getScheme();
-            int defaultPort;
-            ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> initializer;
-
-            // Normal WebSocket
-            if ("ws".equals(protocol)) {
-                initializer = new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
-                    @Override
-                    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                        ch.pipeline()
-                          .addLast("http-codec", new HttpClientCodec())
-                          .addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(8192))
-                          .addLast("ws-handler", handler);
-                    }
-                };
-
-                defaultPort = 80;
-            // Secure WebSocket
-            } else if ("wss".equals(protocol)) {
-                initializer = new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
-                    @Override
-                    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                        SSLEngine engine = WebSocketSslClientContextFactory.getContext().createSSLEngine();
-                        engine.setUseClientMode(true);
-
-                        ch.pipeline()
-                          .addFirst("ssl", new SslHandler(engine))
-                          .addLast("http-codec", new HttpClientCodec())
-                          .addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(8192))
-                          .addLast("ws-handler", handler);
-                    }
-                };
-
-                defaultPort = 443;
-            } else {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported protocol: " + protocol);
-            }
-
-            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
-            b.group(group)
-             .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
-             .handler(initializer);
-
-            int port = uri.getPort();
-            // If no port was specified, we'll try the default port: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-1.7
-            if (uri.getPort() == -1) {
-                port = defaultPort;
-            }
-
-            Channel ch = b.connect(uri.getHost(), port).sync().channel();
-            handler.handshakeFuture().sync();
-
-            BufferedReader console = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
-            while (true) {
-                String msg = console.readLine();
-                if (msg == null) {
-                    break;
-                } else if ("bye".equals(msg.toLowerCase())) {
-                    ch.writeAndFlush(new CloseWebSocketFrame());
-                    ch.closeFuture().sync();
-                    break;
-                } else if ("ping".equals(msg.toLowerCase())) {
-                    WebSocketFrame frame = new PingWebSocketFrame(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(new byte[]{8, 1, 8, 1}));
-                    ch.writeAndFlush(frame);
-                } else {
-                    WebSocketFrame frame = new TextWebSocketFrame(msg);
-                    ch.writeAndFlush(frame);
-                }
-            }
-        } finally {
-            group.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/client/WebSocketSslClient.java

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2014 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.client;
-
-import java.net.URI;
-
-/**
- * This is an example of a secure WebSocket client.
- * <p>
- * In order to run this example you need a compatible secure WebSocket server.
- * Therefore you can either start the secure WebSocket server from the examples
- * by running {@link io.netty.example.http.websocketx.sslserver.WebSocketSslServer}
- * or connect to an existing secure WebSocket server such as
- * <a href="http://www.websocket.org/echo.html">wss://echo.websocket.org</a>.
- * <p>
- * The client will attempt to connect to the URI passed to it as the first argument.
- * You don't have to specify any arguments if you want to connect to the example secure WebSocket server,
- * as this is the default.
- */
-public final class WebSocketSslClient {
-    private WebSocketSslClient() {
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
-        URI uri;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            uri = new URI(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            uri = new URI("wss://localhost:8443/websocket");
-        }
-
-        new WebSocketClientRunner(uri).run();
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/client/WebSocketSslClientContextFactory.java

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2014 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.client;
-
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
-
-/**
- * Creates a bogus {@link javax.net.ssl.SSLContext}.  A client-side context created by this
- * factory accepts any certificate even if it is invalid.
- * <p>
- * You will have to create your context differently in a real world application.
- * <p>
- * Modified from {@link io.netty.example.securechat.SecureChatSslContextFactory}
- */
-public final class WebSocketSslClientContextFactory {
-
-    private static final String PROTOCOL = "TLS";
-    private static final SSLContext CONTEXT;
-
-    static {
-        SSLContext clientContext;
-        try {
-            clientContext = SSLContext.getInstance(PROTOCOL);
-            clientContext.init(null, WebSocketSslClientTrustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(), null);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new Error(
-                    "Failed to initialize the client-side SSLContext", e);
-        }
-
-        CONTEXT = clientContext;
-    }
-
-    public static SSLContext getContext() {
-        return CONTEXT;
-    }
-
-    private WebSocketSslClientContextFactory() {
-        // Unused
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/client/WebSocketSslClientTrustManagerFactory.java

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2014 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.client;
-
-import javax.net.ssl.ManagerFactoryParameters;
-import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
-import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactorySpi;
-import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
-import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
-import java.security.KeyStore;
-import java.security.KeyStoreException;
-import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
-
-/**
- * Bogus {@link javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactorySpi} which accepts any certificate
- * even if it is invalid.
- * <p>
- * Copied from {@link io.netty.example.securechat.SecureChatTrustManagerFactory}
- */
-public class WebSocketSslClientTrustManagerFactory extends TrustManagerFactorySpi {
-
-    private static final TrustManager DUMMY_TRUST_MANAGER = new X509TrustManager() {
-        @Override
-        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
-            return new X509Certificate[0];
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) {
-            // Always trust - it is an example.
-            // You should do something in the real world.
-            // You will reach here only if you enabled client certificate auth,
-            // as described in WebSocketSslClientContextFactory.
-            System.err.println(
-                    "UNKNOWN CLIENT CERTIFICATE: " + chain[0].getSubjectDN());
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) {
-            // Always trust - it is an example.
-            // You should do something in the real world.
-            System.err.println(
-                    "UNKNOWN SERVER CERTIFICATE: " + chain[0].getSubjectDN());
-        }
-    };
-
-    public static TrustManager[] getTrustManagers() {
-        return new TrustManager[]{DUMMY_TRUST_MANAGER};
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected TrustManager[] engineGetTrustManagers() {
-        return getTrustManagers();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void engineInit(KeyStore keystore) throws KeyStoreException {
-        // Unused
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void engineInit(ManagerFactoryParameters managerFactoryParameters)
-            throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
-        // Unused
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/html5/CustomTextFrameHandler.java

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.html5;
-
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
-import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
-
-public class CustomTextFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
-    @Override
-    protected void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame frame) throws Exception {
-        String request = frame.text();
-        ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(request.toUpperCase()));
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/html5/WebSocketServer.java

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License, version
- * 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the
- * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
- * the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.html5;
-
-import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
-import io.netty.channel.Channel;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
-
-/**
- * A WebSocket Server that respondes to requests at:
- *
- * <pre>
- * http://localhost:8080/websocket
- * </pre>
- *
- * The example differs from many of the other examples in Netty in that is does
- * not have an acomponying client. Instead a html page is provided that
- * interacts with this server. <br>
- * Open up the following file a web browser that supports WebSocket's:
- *
- * <pre>
- * example/src/main/resources/websocketx/html5/websocket.html
- * </pre>
- *
- * The html page is very simple were you simply enter some text and the server
- * will echo the same text back, but in uppercase. You, also see getStatus messages
- * in the "Response From Server" area when client has connected, disconnected
- * etc.
- *
- */
-public class WebSocketServer {
-
-    private final int port;
-
-    public WebSocketServer(int port) {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
-        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
-        try {
-            final ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap();
-            sb.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
-             .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
-                @Override
-                public void initChannel(final SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                    ch.pipeline().addLast(
-                        new HttpResponseEncoder(),
-                        new HttpRequestDecoder(),
-                        new HttpObjectAggregator(65536),
-                        new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/websocket"),
-                        new CustomTextFrameHandler());
-                }
-            });
-
-            final Channel ch = sb.bind(port).sync().channel();
-            System.out.println("Web socket server started at port " + port);
-
-            ch.closeFuture().sync();
-        } finally {
-            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new WebSocketServer(port).run();
-    }
-
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/server/WebSocketServer.java

@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * A HTTP server which serves Web Socket requests at:
@@ -40,26 +44,34 @@ import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
  * <li>Firefox 11+ (RFC 6455 aka draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-17)
  * </ul>
  */
-public class WebSocketServer {
+public final class WebSocketServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
 
-    public WebSocketServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new WebSocketServerInitializer());
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new WebSocketServerInitializer(sslCtx));
 
-            Channel ch = b.bind(port).sync().channel();
+            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
-            System.out.println("Web socket server started at port " + port + '.');
+
-            System.out.println("Open your browser and navigate to http://localhost:" + port + '/');
+            System.err.println("Open your web browser and navigate to " +
+                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + '/');
 
             ch.closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
@@ -67,14 +79,4 @@ public class WebSocketServer {
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new WebSocketServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/server/WebSocketServerHandler.java

@@ -33,9 +33,6 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshaker;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory;
 import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.*;
 import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.*;
 import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod.*;
@@ -46,14 +43,13 @@ import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.*;
  * Handles handshakes and messages
  */
 public class WebSocketServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(WebSocketServerHandler.class.getName());
 
     private static final String WEBSOCKET_PATH = "/websocket";
 
     private WebSocketServerHandshaker handshaker;
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         if (msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
             handleHttpRequest(ctx, (FullHttpRequest) msg);
         } else if (msg instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
@@ -62,11 +58,11 @@ public class WebSocketServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
-    private void handleHttpRequest(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req) throws Exception {
+    private void handleHttpRequest(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req) {
         // Handle a bad request.
         if (!req.getDecoderResult().isSuccess()) {
             sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, BAD_REQUEST));
@@ -125,9 +121,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
 
         // Send the uppercase string back.
         String request = ((TextWebSocketFrame) frame).text();
-        if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
+        System.err.printf("%s received %s%n", ctx.channel(), request);
-            logger.fine(String.format("%s received %s", ctx.channel(), request));
-        }
         ctx.channel().write(new TextWebSocketFrame(request.toUpperCase()));
     }
 
@@ -149,12 +143,17 @@ public class WebSocketServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object>
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }
 
     private static String getWebSocketLocation(FullHttpRequest req) {
-        return "ws://" + req.headers().get(HOST) + WEBSOCKET_PATH;
+        String location =  req.headers().get(HOST) + WEBSOCKET_PATH;
+        if (WebSocketServer.SSL) {
+            return "wss://" + location;
+        } else {
+            return "ws://" + location;
+        }
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/server/WebSocketServerInitializer.java

@@ -20,15 +20,26 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
 /**
  */
 public class WebSocketServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
+
+    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+
+    public WebSocketServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
+        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
         ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
-        pipeline.addLast("codec-http", new HttpServerCodec());
+        if (sslCtx != null) {
-        pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
+            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new WebSocketServerHandler());
+        }
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
+        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
+        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerHandler());
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/sslserver/WebSocketSslServer.java

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.sslserver;
-
-import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
-import io.netty.channel.Channel;
-import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
-import io.netty.util.internal.SystemPropertyUtil;
-
-/**
- * A HTTP server which serves Web Socket requests at:
- *
- * https://localhost:8081/websocket
- *
- * Open your browser at https://localhost:8081/, then the demo page will be loaded and a Web Socket connection will be
- * made automatically.
- *
- * This server illustrates support for the different web socket specification versions and will work with:
- *
- * <ul>
- * <li>Safari 5+ (draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-00)
- * <li>Chrome 6-13 (draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-00)
- * <li>Chrome 14+ (draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-10)
- * <li>Chrome 16+ (RFC 6455 aka draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-17)
- * <li>Firefox 7+ (draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-10)
- * </ul>
- */
-public class WebSocketSslServer {
-
-    private final int port;
-
-    public WebSocketSslServer(int port) {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
-        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
-        try {
-            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
-            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
-             .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new WebSocketSslServerInitializer());
-
-            Channel ch = b.bind(port).sync().channel();
-            System.out.println("Web socket server started at port " + port + '.');
-            System.out.println("Open your browser and navigate to https://localhost:" + port + '/');
-            ch.closeFuture().sync();
-        } finally {
-            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8443;
-        }
-
-        String keyStoreFilePath = SystemPropertyUtil.get("keystore.file.path");
-        if (keyStoreFilePath == null || keyStoreFilePath.isEmpty()) {
-            System.out.println("ERROR: System property keystore.file.path not set. Exiting now!");
-            System.exit(1);
-        }
-
-        String keyStoreFilePassword = SystemPropertyUtil.get("keystore.file.password");
-        if (keyStoreFilePassword == null || keyStoreFilePassword.isEmpty()) {
-            System.out.println("ERROR: System property keystore.file.password not set. Exiting now!");
-            System.exit(1);
-        }
-
-        new WebSocketSslServer(port).run();
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/sslserver/WebSocketSslServerHandler.java

@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.sslserver;
-
-import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
-import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
-import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
-import io.netty.example.http.websocketx.server.WebSocketServerIndexPage;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpRequest;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.CloseWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.PingWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.PongWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketFrame;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshaker;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory;
-import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
-
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
-import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.*;
-import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.*;
-import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod.*;
-import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.*;
-import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.*;
-
-/**
- * Handles handshakes and messages
- */
-public class WebSocketSslServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(WebSocketSslServerHandler.class.getName());
-
-    private static final String WEBSOCKET_PATH = "/websocket";
-
-    private WebSocketServerHandshaker handshaker;
-
-    @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
-        if (msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
-            handleHttpRequest(ctx, (FullHttpRequest) msg);
-        } else if (msg instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
-            handleWebSocketFrame(ctx, (WebSocketFrame) msg);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void handleHttpRequest(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req) throws Exception {
-        // Handle a bad request.
-        if (!req.getDecoderResult().isSuccess()) {
-            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, BAD_REQUEST));
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Allow only GET methods.
-        if (req.getMethod() != GET) {
-            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, FORBIDDEN));
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Send the demo page and favicon.ico
-        if ("/".equals(req.getUri())) {
-            ByteBuf content = WebSocketServerIndexPage.getContent(getWebSocketLocation(req));
-            FullHttpResponse res = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, OK, content);
-
-            res.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
-            setContentLength(res, content.readableBytes());
-
-            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, res);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if ("/favicon.ico".equals(req.getUri())) {
-            FullHttpResponse res = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, NOT_FOUND);
-            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, res);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Handshake
-        WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory wsFactory = new WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory(
-                getWebSocketLocation(req), null, false);
-        handshaker = wsFactory.newHandshaker(req);
-        if (handshaker == null) {
-            WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory.sendUnsupportedVersionResponse(ctx.channel());
-        } else {
-            handshaker.handshake(ctx.channel(), req);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void handleWebSocketFrame(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, WebSocketFrame frame) {
-
-        // Check for closing frame
-        if (frame instanceof CloseWebSocketFrame) {
-            handshaker.close(ctx.channel(), (CloseWebSocketFrame) frame.retain());
-            return;
-        }
-        if (frame instanceof PingWebSocketFrame) {
-            ctx.channel().write(new PongWebSocketFrame(frame.content().retain()));
-            return;
-        }
-        if (!(frame instanceof TextWebSocketFrame)) {
-            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(String.format("%s frame types not supported", frame.getClass()
-                    .getName()));
-        }
-
-        // Send the uppercase string back.
-        String request = ((TextWebSocketFrame) frame).text();
-        if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
-            logger.fine(String.format("%s received %s", ctx.channel(), request));
-        }
-        ctx.channel().write(new TextWebSocketFrame(request.toUpperCase()));
-    }
-
-    private static void sendHttpResponse(
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req, FullHttpResponse res) {
-        // Generate an error page if response getStatus code is not OK (200).
-        if (res.getStatus().code() != 200) {
-            ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(res.getStatus().toString(), CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
-            res.content().writeBytes(buf);
-            buf.release();
-            setContentLength(res, res.content().readableBytes());
-        }
-
-        // Send the response and close the connection if necessary.
-        ChannelFuture f = ctx.channel().write(res);
-        if (!isKeepAlive(req) || res.getStatus().code() != 200) {
-            f.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
-        ctx.flush();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
-        cause.printStackTrace();
-        ctx.close();
-    }
-
-    private static String getWebSocketLocation(FullHttpRequest req) {
-        return "wss://" + req.headers().get(HOST) + WEBSOCKET_PATH;
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/sslserver/WebSocketSslServerInitializer.java

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.sslserver;
-
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
-import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
-import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
-import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
-
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
-
-/**
- */
-public class WebSocketSslServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
-    @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
-
-        SSLEngine engine = WebSocketSslServerSslContext.getInstance().serverContext().createSSLEngine();
-        engine.setUseClientMode(false);
-        pipeline.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new WebSocketSslServerHandler());
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/sslserver/WebSocketSslServerSslContext.java

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.sslserver;
-
-import io.netty.util.internal.SystemPropertyUtil;
-
-import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
-import java.security.KeyStore;
-import java.security.Security;
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
-/**
- * Creates a {@link SSLContext} for just server certificates.
- */
-public final class WebSocketSslServerSslContext {
-
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(WebSocketSslServerSslContext.class.getName());
-    private static final String PROTOCOL = "TLS";
-    private final SSLContext _serverContext;
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the singleton instance for this class
-     */
-    public static WebSocketSslServerSslContext getInstance() {
-        return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * SingletonHolder is loaded on the first execution of Singleton.getInstance() or the first access to
-     * SingletonHolder.INSTANCE, not before.
-     *
-     * See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern
-     */
-    private interface SingletonHolder {
-        WebSocketSslServerSslContext INSTANCE = new WebSocketSslServerSslContext();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Constructor for singleton
-     */
-    private WebSocketSslServerSslContext() {
-        SSLContext serverContext = null;
-        try {
-            // Key store (Server side certificate)
-            String algorithm = SystemPropertyUtil.get("ssl.KeyManagerFactory.algorithm");
-            if (algorithm == null) {
-                algorithm = "SunX509";
-            }
-
-            try {
-                String keyStoreFilePath = SystemPropertyUtil.get("keystore.file.path");
-                String keyStoreFilePassword = SystemPropertyUtil.get("keystore.file.password");
-
-                KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
-                FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(keyStoreFilePath);
-                ks.load(fin, keyStoreFilePassword.toCharArray());
-
-                // Set up key manager factory to use our key store
-                // Assume key password is the same as the key store file
-                // password
-                KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(algorithm);
-                kmf.init(ks, keyStoreFilePassword.toCharArray());
-
-                // Initialise the SSLContext to work with our key managers.
-                serverContext = SSLContext.getInstance(PROTOCOL);
-                serverContext.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), null, null);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                throw new Error("Failed to initialize the server-side SSLContext", e);
-            }
-        } catch (Exception ex) {
-            logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Error initializing SslContextManager.", ex);
-            System.exit(1);
-        } finally {
-            _serverContext = serverContext;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the server context with server side key store
-     */
-    public SSLContext serverContext() {
-        return _serverContext;
-    }
-
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http/websocketx/sslserver/package-info.java

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-
-/**
- * <p>This package contains an example web socket web server with server SSL.
- * <p>To run this example, follow the steps below:
- * <dl>
- *   <dt>Step 1. Generate Your Key
- *   <dd>
- *     {@code keytool -genkey -keystore mySrvKeystore -keyalg RSA}.
- *     Make sure that you set the key password to be the same the key file password.
- *   <dt>Step 2. Specify your key store file and password as system properties
- *   <dd>
- *     {@code -Dkeystore.file.path=<path to mySrvKeystore> -Dkeystore.file.password=<password>}
- *   <dt>Step 3. Run WebSocketSslServer as a Java application
- *   <dd>
- *     Once started, you can test the web server against your browser by navigating to https://localhost:8081/
- * </dl>
- * <p>To find out more about setting up key stores, refer to this
- * <a href="http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html">giude</a>.
- */
-package io.netty.example.http.websocketx.sslserver;

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/Http2ExampleUtil.java

@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
  */
 package io.netty.example.http2;
 
-import java.util.Locale;
-
 /**
  * Utility methods used by the example client and server.
  */
@@ -26,74 +24,5 @@ public final class Http2ExampleUtil {
      */
     public static final String UPGRADE_RESPONSE_HEADER = "Http-To-Http2-Upgrade";
 
-    public static final String STANDARD_HOST = "localhost";
+    private Http2ExampleUtil() { }
-    public static final int STANDARD_HTTP_PORT = 8080;
-    public static final int STANDARD_HTTPS_PORT = 8443;
-    public static final String PORT_ARG = "-port=";
-    public static final String SSL_ARG = "-ssl=";
-    public static final String HOST_ARG = "-host=";
-
-    /**
-     * The configuration for the example client/server endpoints.
-     */
-    public static final class EndpointConfig {
-        private final boolean ssl;
-        private final String host;
-        private final int port;
-
-        public EndpointConfig(boolean ssl, String host, int port) {
-            this.ssl = ssl;
-            this.host = host;
-            this.port = port;
-        }
-
-        public boolean isSsl() {
-            return ssl;
-        }
-
-        public String host() {
-            return host;
-        }
-
-        public int port() {
-            return port;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public String toString() {
-            return "EndpointConfig [ssl=" + ssl + ", host=" + host + ", port=" + port + "]";
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Parse the command-line arguments to determine the configuration for the endpoint.
-     */
-    public static EndpointConfig parseEndpointConfig(String[] args) {
-        boolean ssl = false;
-        int port = STANDARD_HTTP_PORT;
-        String host = STANDARD_HOST;
-        boolean portSpecified = false;
-        for (String arg : args) {
-            arg = arg.trim().toLowerCase(Locale.US);
-            if (arg.startsWith(PORT_ARG)) {
-                String value = arg.substring(PORT_ARG.length());
-                port = Integer.parseInt(value);
-                portSpecified = true;
-            } else if (arg.startsWith(SSL_ARG)) {
-                String value = arg.substring(SSL_ARG.length());
-                ssl = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
-                if (!portSpecified) {
-                    // Use the appropriate default.
-                    port = ssl ? STANDARD_HTTPS_PORT : STANDARD_HTTP_PORT;
-                }
-            } else if (arg.startsWith(HOST_ARG)) {
-                host = arg.substring(HOST_ARG.length());
-            }
-        }
-
-        return new EndpointConfig(ssl, host, port);
-    }
-
-    private Http2ExampleUtil() {
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/client/Http2Client.java

@@ -23,16 +23,13 @@ import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpRequest;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpRequest;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2OrHttpChooser.SelectedProtocol;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;
 
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
-import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
-import static io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.*;
-import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.*;
 import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod.*;
 import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.*;
 
@@ -40,22 +37,17 @@ import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.*;
  * An HTTP2 client that allows you to send HTTP2 frames to a server. Inbound and outbound frames are
  * logged. When run from the command-line, sends a single HEADERS frame to the server and gets back
  * a "Hello World" response.
- * <p>
- * To client accepts command-line arguments for {@code -host=<host/ip>}
- * <i>(default="localhost")</i>, {@code -port=<port number>} <i>(default: http=8080,
- * https=8443)</i>, and {@code -ssl=<true/false>} <i>(default=false)</i>.
  */
-public class Http2Client {
+public final class Http2Client {
 
-    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final EndpointConfig config;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private Http2ClientConnectionHandler http2ConnectionHandler;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
-    private Channel channel;
-    private EventLoopGroup workerGroup;
 
-    public Http2Client(EndpointConfig config) throws SSLException {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.config = config;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        if (config.isSsl()) {
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
             sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(
                     null, InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE, null,
                     Arrays.asList(SelectedProtocol.HTTP_2.protocolName(), SelectedProtocol.HTTP_1_1.protocolName()),
@@ -63,96 +55,45 @@ public class Http2Client {
         } else {
             sslCtx = null;
         }
-    }
 
-    /**
+        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
-     * Starts the client and waits for the HTTP/2 upgrade to occur.
-     */
-    public void start() throws Exception {
-        if (channel != null) {
-            System.out.println("Already running!");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
-
-        Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
-        b.group(workerGroup);
-        b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
-        b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
-        b.remoteAddress(new InetSocketAddress(config.host(), config.port()));
         Http2ClientInitializer initializer = new Http2ClientInitializer(sslCtx);
-        b.handler(initializer);
 
-        // Start the client.
-        channel = b.connect().syncUninterruptibly().channel();
-        System.out.println("Connected to [" + config.host() + ':' + config.port() + ']');
-
-        // Wait for the HTTP/2 upgrade to occur.
-        http2ConnectionHandler = initializer.connectionHandler();
-        http2ConnectionHandler.awaitInitialization();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sends the given request to the server.
-     */
-    public void sendRequest(FullHttpRequest request) throws Exception {
-        ChannelFuture requestFuture = channel.writeAndFlush(request).sync();
-        System.out.println("Back from sending headers...");
-        if (!requestFuture.isSuccess()) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(requestFuture.cause());
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Waits for the full response to be received.
-     */
-    public void awaitResponse() throws Exception {
-        http2ConnectionHandler.awaitResponse();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Closes the channel and waits for shutdown to complete.
-     */
-    public void stop() {
         try {
-            // Wait until the connection is closed.
+            // Configure the client.
-            channel.close().syncUninterruptibly();
+            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
-        } finally {
+            b.group(workerGroup);
-            if (workerGroup != null) {
+            b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
-                workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
+            b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
-            }
+            b.remoteAddress(HOST, PORT);
-        }
+            b.handler(initializer);
-    }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+            // Start the client.
-        EndpointConfig config = parseEndpointConfig(args);
+            Channel channel = b.connect().syncUninterruptibly().channel();
-        System.out.println(config);
+            System.out.println("Connected to [" + HOST + ':' + PORT + ']');
 
-        final Http2Client client = new Http2Client(config);
+            // Wait for the HTTP/2 upgrade to occur.
-        try {
+            Http2ClientConnectionHandler http2ConnectionHandler = initializer.connectionHandler();
-            // Start the client and wait for the HTTP/2 upgrade to complete.
+            http2ConnectionHandler.awaitInitialization();
-            client.start();
 
             // Create a simple GET request with just headers.
             FullHttpRequest request = new DefaultFullHttpRequest(HTTP_1_1, GET, "/whatever");
-            request.headers().add(HOST, config.host());
+            request.headers().add(HttpHeaders.Names.HOST, HOST + ':' + PORT);
 
-            System.out.println("Sending request...");
+            // Send the request to the server.
-            ChannelFuture requestFuture = client.channel.writeAndFlush(request).sync();
+            System.err.println("Sending request...");
-            System.out.println("Back from sending headers...");
+            ChannelFuture requestFuture = channel.writeAndFlush(request).sync();
-            if (!requestFuture.isSuccess()) {
+            System.err.println("Back from sending headers...");
-                requestFuture.cause().printStackTrace();
+            requestFuture.sync();
-                return;
-            }
 
             // Waits for the complete response
-            client.awaitResponse();
+            http2ConnectionHandler.awaitResponse();
             System.out.println("Finished HTTP/2 request");
-        } catch (Throwable t) {
+
-            t.printStackTrace();
+            // Wait until the connection is closed.
+            channel.close().syncUninterruptibly();
         } finally {
-            client.stop();
+            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/client/Http2ClientConnectionHandler.java

@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
  */
 package io.netty.example.http2.client;
 
-import static io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.UPGRADE_RESPONSE_HEADER;
-import static io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLogLevel.INFO;
 import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelPromise;
@@ -41,13 +39,18 @@ import io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLoggerFactory;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
+import static io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.*;
+import static io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLogLevel.*;
+
 /**
  * A subclass of the connection handler that interprets response messages as text and prints it out
  * to the console.
  */
 public class Http2ClientConnectionHandler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler {
-    private static final Http2FrameLogger logger = new Http2FrameLogger(INFO,
+
-            InternalLoggerFactory.getInstance(Http2ClientConnectionHandler.class));
+    private static final Http2FrameLogger logger =
+            new Http2FrameLogger(INFO, InternalLoggerFactory.getInstance(Http2ClientConnectionHandler.class));
+
     private final ChannelPromise initPromise;
     private final ChannelPromise responsePromise;
     private ByteBuf collectedData;
@@ -88,8 +91,7 @@ public class Http2ClientConnectionHandler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler
      * Handles conversion of a {@link FullHttpMessage} to HTTP/2 frames.
      */
     @Override
-    public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise)
+    public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) {
-            throws Exception {
         if (msg instanceof FullHttpMessage) {
             FullHttpMessage httpMsg = (FullHttpMessage) msg;
             boolean hasData = httpMsg.content().isReadable();
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ public class Http2ClientConnectionHandler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler
                 writeData(ctx, promise, streamId, httpMsg.content(), 0, true, true, false);
             }
         } else {
-            super.write(ctx, msg, promise);
+            ctx.write(msg, promise);
         }
     }
 
@@ -170,8 +172,7 @@ public class Http2ClientConnectionHandler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void onSettingsRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Http2Settings settings)
+    public void onSettingsRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Http2Settings settings) throws Http2Exception {
-            throws Http2Exception {
         if (!initPromise.isDone()) {
             initPromise.setSuccess();
         }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/server/HelloWorldHttp1Handler.java

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ public class HelloWorldHttp1Handler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpRequ
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
+        ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/server/HelloWorldHttp2Handler.java

@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@
 
 package io.netty.example.http2.server;
 
-import static io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.UPGRADE_RESPONSE_HEADER;
-import static io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLogLevel.INFO;
 import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.example.http2.client.Http2ClientConnectionHandler;
@@ -37,6 +35,9 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Settings;
 import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 import io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLoggerFactory;
 
+import static io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.*;
+import static io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLogLevel.*;
+
 /**
  * A simple handler that responds with the message "Hello World!".
  */
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ public class HelloWorldHttp2Handler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler {
      */
     @Override
     public void onHeadersRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, int streamId,
-            io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Headers headers, int padding, boolean endStream,
+            Http2Headers headers, int padding, boolean endStream,
             boolean endSegment) throws Http2Exception {
         if (endStream) {
             sendResponse(ctx(), streamId);
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ public class HelloWorldHttp2Handler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler {
      */
     @Override
     public void onHeadersRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, int streamId,
-            io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Headers headers, int streamDependency, short weight,
+            Http2Headers headers, int streamDependency, short weight,
             boolean exclusive, int padding, boolean endStream, boolean endSegment)
             throws Http2Exception {
         if (endStream) {
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ public class HelloWorldHttp2Handler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler {
 
     @Override
     public void onPushPromiseRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, int streamId, int promisedStreamId,
-            io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Headers headers, int padding) throws Http2Exception {
+            Http2Headers headers, int padding) throws Http2Exception {
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -156,15 +157,15 @@ public class HelloWorldHttp2Handler extends AbstractHttp2ConnectionHandler {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
-        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
+        ctx.close();
     }
 
     /**
      * Sends a "Hello World" DATA frame to the client.
      */
-    private void sendResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, int streamId) throws Http2Exception {
+    private void sendResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, int streamId) {
         // Send a frame for the response status
         Http2Headers headers = DefaultHttp2Headers.newBuilder().status("200").build();
         writeHeaders(ctx(), ctx().newPromise(), streamId, headers, 0, false, false);

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/server/Http2OrHttpHandler.java

@@ -18,14 +18,12 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2OrHttpChooser;
 
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
 /**
  * Negotiates with the browser if HTTP2 or HTTP is going to be used. Once decided, the Netty
  * pipeline is setup with the correct handlers for the selected protocol.
  */
 public class Http2OrHttpHandler extends Http2OrHttpChooser {
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Http2OrHttpHandler.class.getName());
     private static final int MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH = 1024 * 100;
 
     public Http2OrHttpHandler() {
@@ -40,8 +38,7 @@ public class Http2OrHttpHandler extends Http2OrHttpChooser {
     protected SelectedProtocol getProtocol(SSLEngine engine) {
         String[] protocol = engine.getSession().getProtocol().split(":");
         SelectedProtocol selectedProtocol = SelectedProtocol.protocol(protocol[1]);
-
+        System.err.println("Selected Protocol is " + selectedProtocol);
-        logger.info("Selected Protocol is " + selectedProtocol);
         return selectedProtocol;
     }
 

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/server/Http2Server.java

@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@
 
 package io.netty.example.http2.server;
 
-import static io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.parseEndpointConfig;
 import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
-import io.netty.example.http2.Http2ExampleUtil.EndpointConfig;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2OrHttpChooser.SelectedProtocol;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
@@ -33,54 +33,46 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 /**
  * A HTTP/2 Server that responds to requests with a Hello World. Once started, you can test the
  * server with the example client.
- * <p>
- * To server accepts command-line arguments for {@code -port=<port number>} <i>(default: http=8080,
- * https=8443)</i>, and {@code -ssl=<true/false>} <i>(default=false)</i>.
  */
-public class Http2Server {
+public final class Http2Server {
 
-    private final EndpointConfig config;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", SSL? "8443" : "8080"));
 
-    public Http2Server(EndpointConfig config) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.config = config;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-
+        if (SSL) {
-    public void run() throws Exception {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(
+                    ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey(), null, null,
+                    Arrays.asList(
+                            SelectedProtocol.HTTP_2.protocolName(),
+                            SelectedProtocol.HTTP_1_1.protocolName()),
+                    0, 0);
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
         // Configure the server.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
+            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
+             .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new Http2ServerInitializer(sslCtx));
 
-            // If SSL was selected, configure the SSL context.
+            Channel ch = b.bind(PORT).sync().channel();
-            SslContext sslCtx = null;
-            if (config.isSsl()) {
-                SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
-                sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(
-                        ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey(), null, null,
-                        Arrays.asList(
-                                SelectedProtocol.HTTP_2.protocolName(),
-                                SelectedProtocol.HTTP_1_1.protocolName()),
-                        0, 0);
-            }
 
-            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
+            System.err.println("Open your HTTP/2-enabled web browser and navigate to " +
-                    .childHandler(new Http2ServerInitializer(sslCtx));
+                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + '/');
 
-            Channel ch = b.bind(config.port()).sync().channel();
             ch.closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        EndpointConfig config = parseEndpointConfig(args);
-        System.out.println(config);
-
-        System.out.println("HTTP2 server started at port " + config.port() + '.');
-        new Http2Server(config).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/http2/server/Http2ServerInitializer.java

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAppender;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerUpgradeHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2ServerUpgradeCodec;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
-import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
 
 /**
  * Sets up the Netty pipeline for the example server. Depending on the endpoint config, sets up the
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ public class Http2ServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
         if (sslCtx != null) {
             configureSsl(ch);
         } else {
@@ -61,12 +60,12 @@ public class Http2ServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
     /**
      * Configure the pipeline for a cleartext upgrade from HTTP to HTTP/2.
      */
-    private void configureClearText(SocketChannel ch) {
+    private static void configureClearText(SocketChannel ch) {
         HttpCodec sourceCodec = new HttpCodec();
         HttpServerUpgradeHandler.UpgradeCodec upgradeCodec =
                 new Http2ServerUpgradeCodec(new HelloWorldHttp2Handler());
         HttpServerUpgradeHandler upgradeHandler =
-                new HttpServerUpgradeHandler(sourceCodec, Arrays.asList(upgradeCodec), 65536);
+                new HttpServerUpgradeHandler(sourceCodec, Collections.singletonList(upgradeCodec), 65536);
 
         ch.pipeline().addLast(sourceCodec);
         ch.pipeline().addLast(upgradeHandler);
@@ -76,8 +75,8 @@ public class Http2ServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
     /**
      * Source codec for HTTP cleartext upgrade.
      */
-    private static final class HttpCodec extends ChannelHandlerAppender implements
+    private static final class HttpCodec
-            HttpServerUpgradeHandler.SourceCodec {
+            extends ChannelHandlerAppender implements HttpServerUpgradeHandler.SourceCodec {
         HttpCodec() {
             add("httpRequestDecoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
             add("httpResponseEncoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
@@ -98,9 +97,9 @@ public class Http2ServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
      */
     private static class UserEventLogger extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
         @Override
-        public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
+        public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) {
             System.out.println("User Event Triggered: " + evt);
-            super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
+            ctx.fireUserEventTriggered(evt);
         }
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/localecho/LocalEcho.java

@@ -32,17 +32,13 @@ import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 
-public class LocalEcho {
+public final class LocalEcho {
 
-    private final String port;
+    static final String PORT = System.getProperty("port", "test_port");
 
-    public LocalEcho(String port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Address to bind on / connect to.
-        final LocalAddress addr = new LocalAddress(port);
+        final LocalAddress addr = new LocalAddress(PORT);
 
         EventLoopGroup serverGroup = new DefaultEventLoopGroup();
         EventLoopGroup clientGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); // NIO event loops are also OK
@@ -109,8 +105,4 @@ public class LocalEcho {
             clientGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        new LocalEcho("1").run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/localecho/LocalEchoClientHandler.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 public class LocalEchoClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         // Print as received
         System.out.println(msg);
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/localecho/LocalEchoServerHandler.java

@@ -18,17 +18,16 @@ package io.netty.example.localecho;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
-
 public class LocalEchoServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         // Write back as received
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/memcache/binary/MemcacheClient.java

@@ -24,26 +24,37 @@ import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2OrHttpChooser.SelectedProtocol;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.memcache.binary.BinaryMemcacheClientCodec;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.memcache.binary.BinaryMemcacheObjectAggregator;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;
 
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 
 /**
  * Simple memcache client that demonstrates get and set commands against a memcache server.
  */
-public class MemcacheClient {
+public final class MemcacheClient {
 
-    private final String host;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final int port;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "11211"));
 
-    public MemcacheClient(String host, int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.host = host;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        this.port = port;
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-    }
+        if (SSL) {
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(
+                    null, InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE, null,
+                    Arrays.asList(SelectedProtocol.HTTP_2.protocolName(), SelectedProtocol.HTTP_1_1.protocolName()),
+                    0, 0);
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
@@ -53,6 +64,9 @@ public class MemcacheClient {
                         @Override
                         protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                             ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                            if (sslCtx != null) {
+                                p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), HOST, PORT));
+                            }
                             p.addLast(new BinaryMemcacheClientCodec());
                             p.addLast(new BinaryMemcacheObjectAggregator(Integer.MAX_VALUE));
                             p.addLast(new MemcacheClientHandler());
@@ -60,7 +74,7 @@ public class MemcacheClient {
                     });
 
             // Start the connection attempt.
-            Channel ch = b.connect(host, port).sync().channel();
+            Channel ch = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync().channel();
 
             // Read commands from the stdin.
             System.out.println("Enter commands (quit to end)");
@@ -89,20 +103,4 @@ public class MemcacheClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length != 2) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + MemcacheClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                            " <host> <port>");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        String host = args[0];
-        int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-
-        new MemcacheClient(host, port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/memcache/binary/MemcacheClientHandler.java

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public class MemcacheClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
      * Transforms basic string requests to binary memcache requests
      */
     @Override
-    public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) throws Exception {
+    public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) {
         String command = (String) msg;
         if (command.startsWith("get ")) {
             String key = command.substring("get ".length());
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ public class MemcacheClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         FullBinaryMemcacheResponse res = (FullBinaryMemcacheResponse) msg;
         System.out.println(res.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/objectecho/ObjectEchoClient.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package io.netty.example.objectecho;
 
 import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
@@ -25,23 +26,28 @@ import io.netty.example.echo.EchoClient;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ClassResolvers;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectDecoder;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;
 
 /**
  * Modification of {@link EchoClient} which utilizes Java object serialization.
  */
-public class ObjectEchoClient {
+public final class ObjectEchoClient {
 
-    private final String host;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
-    private final int port;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private final int firstMessageSize;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));
+    static final int SIZE = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("size", "256"));
 
-    public ObjectEchoClient(String host, int port, int firstMessageSize) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.host = host;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        this.port = port;
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
-        this.firstMessageSize = firstMessageSize;
+        if (SSL) {
-    }
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
@@ -50,40 +56,21 @@ public class ObjectEchoClient {
              .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                 @Override
                 public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                    ch.pipeline().addLast(
+                    ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                    if (sslCtx != null) {
+                        p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), HOST, PORT));
+                    }
+                    p.addLast(
                             new ObjectEncoder(),
                             new ObjectDecoder(ClassResolvers.cacheDisabled(null)),
-                            new ObjectEchoClientHandler(firstMessageSize));
+                            new ObjectEchoClientHandler());
                 }
              });
 
             // Start the connection attempt.
-            b.connect(host, port).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+            b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length < 2 || args.length > 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + ObjectEchoClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <host> <port> [<first message size>]");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        final String host = args[0];
-        final int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-        final int firstMessageSize;
-
-        if (args.length == 3) {
-            firstMessageSize = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-        } else {
-            firstMessageSize = 256;
-        }
-
-        new ObjectEchoClient(host, port, firstMessageSize).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/objectecho/ObjectEchoClientHandler.java

@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
 /**
  * Handler implementation for the object echo client.  It initiates the
@@ -30,48 +28,38 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
  */
 public class ObjectEchoClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            ObjectEchoClientHandler.class.getName());
-
     private final List<Integer> firstMessage;
 
     /**
      * Creates a client-side handler.
      */
-    public ObjectEchoClientHandler(int firstMessageSize) {
+    public ObjectEchoClientHandler() {
-        if (firstMessageSize <= 0) {
+        firstMessage = new ArrayList<Integer>(ObjectEchoClient.SIZE);
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+        for (int i = 0; i < ObjectEchoClient.SIZE; i ++) {
-                    "firstMessageSize: " + firstMessageSize);
-        }
-        firstMessage = new ArrayList<Integer>(firstMessageSize);
-        for (int i = 0; i < firstMessageSize; i ++) {
             firstMessage.add(Integer.valueOf(i));
         }
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         // Send the first message if this handler is a client-side handler.
         ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMessage);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         // Echo back the received object to the server.
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-        logger.log(
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/objectecho/ObjectEchoServer.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package io.netty.example.objectecho;
 
 import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
+import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
@@ -25,29 +26,44 @@ import io.netty.example.echo.EchoServer;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ClassResolvers;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectDecoder;
 import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
+import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
 /**
  * Modification of {@link EchoServer} which utilizes Java object serialization.
  */
-public class ObjectEchoServer {
+public final class ObjectEchoServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));
 
-    public ObjectEchoServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
+        // Configure SSL.
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx;
+        if (SSL) {
+            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
+            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
+        } else {
+            sslCtx = null;
+        }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
              .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                 @Override
                 public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                    ch.pipeline().addLast(
+                    ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
+                    if (sslCtx != null) {
+                        p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+                    }
+                    p.addLast(
                             new ObjectEncoder(),
                             new ObjectDecoder(ClassResolvers.cacheDisabled(null)),
                             new ObjectEchoServerHandler());
@@ -55,20 +71,10 @@ public class ObjectEchoServer {
              });
 
             // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
-            b.bind(port).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+            b.bind(PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new ObjectEchoServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/objectecho/ObjectEchoServerHandler.java

@@ -18,36 +18,26 @@ package io.netty.example.objectecho;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handles both client-side and server-side handler depending on which
  * constructor was called.
  */
 public class ObjectEchoServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            ObjectEchoServerHandler.class.getName());
-
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
         // Echo back the received object to the client.
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-        logger.log(
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/portunification/PortUnificationServer.java

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
 
@@ -31,23 +33,22 @@ import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;
  * Because SSL and GZIP are enabled on demand, 5 combinations per protocol
  * are possible: none, SSL only, GZIP only, SSL + GZIP, and GZIP + SSL.
  */
-public class PortUnificationServer {
+public final class PortUnificationServer {
 
-    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8080"));
-    private final int port;
 
-    public PortUnificationServer(SslContext sslCtx, int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+        // Configure SSL context
-        this.port = port;
+        SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
-    }
+        final SslContext sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
              .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                 @Override
                 public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
@@ -56,25 +57,10 @@ public class PortUnificationServer {
             });
 
             // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
-            b.bind(port).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+            b.bind(PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-
-        // Configure SSL.
-        SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
-        SslContext sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
-
-        new PortUnificationServer(sslCtx, port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/proxy/HexDumpProxy.java

@@ -20,23 +20,17 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
+import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 
-public class HexDumpProxy {
+public final class HexDumpProxy {
 
-    private final int localPort;
+    static final int LOCAL_PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("localPort", "8443"));
-    private final String remoteHost;
+    static final String REMOTE_HOST = System.getProperty("remoteHost", "www.google.com");
-    private final int remotePort;
+    static final int REMOTE_PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("remotePort", "443"));
 
-    public HexDumpProxy(int localPort, String remoteHost, int remotePort) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.localPort = localPort;
+        System.err.println("Proxying *:" + LOCAL_PORT + " to " + REMOTE_HOST + ':' + REMOTE_PORT + " ...");
-        this.remoteHost = remoteHost;
-        this.remotePort = remotePort;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        System.err.println(
-                "Proxying *:" + localPort + " to " +
-                remoteHost + ':' + remotePort + " ...");
 
         // Configure the bootstrap.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
@@ -45,29 +39,13 @@ public class HexDumpProxy {
             ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
-             .childHandler(new HexDumpProxyInitializer(remoteHost, remotePort))
+             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
+             .childHandler(new HexDumpProxyInitializer(REMOTE_HOST, REMOTE_PORT))
              .childOption(ChannelOption.AUTO_READ, false)
-             .bind(localPort).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
+             .bind(LOCAL_PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Validate command line options.
-        if (args.length != 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + HexDumpProxy.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <local port> <remote host> <remote port>");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse command line options.
-        int localPort = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        String remoteHost = args[1];
-        int remotePort = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-
-        new HexDumpProxy(localPort, remoteHost, remotePort).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/proxy/HexDumpProxyBackendHandler.java

@@ -31,16 +31,16 @@ public class HexDumpProxyBackendHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.read();
         ctx.write(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         inboundChannel.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
             @Override
-            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
+            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) {
                 if (future.isSuccess()) {
                     ctx.channel().read();
                 } else {
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ public class HexDumpProxyBackendHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler.closeOnFlush(inboundChannel);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler.closeOnFlush(ctx.channel());
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/proxy/HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler.java

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         final Channel inboundChannel = ctx.channel();
 
         // Start the connection attempt.
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
         outboundChannel = f.channel();
         f.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
             @Override
-            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
+            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) {
                 if (future.isSuccess()) {
                     // connection complete start to read first data
                     inboundChannel.read();
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ public class HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         if (outboundChannel.isActive()) {
             outboundChannel.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
                 @Override
-                public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
+                public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) {
                     if (future.isSuccess()) {
                         // was able to flush out data, start to read the next chunk
                         ctx.channel().read();
@@ -80,14 +80,14 @@ public class HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         if (outboundChannel != null) {
             closeOnFlush(outboundChannel);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         closeOnFlush(ctx.channel());
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/proxy/HexDumpProxyInitializer.java

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public class HexDumpProxyInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
+    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
         ch.pipeline().addLast(
                 new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
                 new HexDumpProxyFrontendHandler(remoteHost, remotePort));

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/qotm/QuoteOfTheMomentClient.java

@@ -28,20 +28,17 @@ import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 
 /**
- * A UDP broadcast client that asks for a quote of the moment (QOTM) to
+ * A UDP broadcast client that asks for a quote of the moment (QOTM) to {@link QuoteOfTheMomentServer}.
- * {@link QuoteOfTheMomentServer}.
  *
- * Inspired by <a href="http://goo.gl/BsXVR">the official Java tutorial</a>.
+ * Inspired by <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/networking/datagrams/clientServer.html">the official
+ * Java tutorial</a>.
  */
-public class QuoteOfTheMomentClient {
+public final class QuoteOfTheMomentClient {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "7686"));
 
-    public QuoteOfTheMomentClient(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
@@ -55,7 +52,7 @@ public class QuoteOfTheMomentClient {
             // Broadcast the QOTM request to port 8080.
             ch.writeAndFlush(new DatagramPacket(
                     Unpooled.copiedBuffer("QOTM?", CharsetUtil.UTF_8),
-                    new InetSocketAddress("255.255.255.255", port))).sync();
+                    new InetSocketAddress("255.255.255.255", PORT))).sync();
 
             // QuoteOfTheMomentClientHandler will close the DatagramChannel when a
             // response is received.  If the channel is not closed within 5 seconds,
@@ -67,14 +64,4 @@ public class QuoteOfTheMomentClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new QuoteOfTheMomentClient(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/qotm/QuoteOfTheMomentClientHandler.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 public class QuoteOfTheMomentClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<DatagramPacket> {
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, DatagramPacket msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, DatagramPacket msg) {
         String response = msg.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
         if (response.startsWith("QOTM: ")) {
             System.out.println("Quote of the Moment: " + response.substring(6));
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public class QuoteOfTheMomentClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<D
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/qotm/QuoteOfTheMomentServer.java

@@ -22,20 +22,16 @@ import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioDatagramChannel;
 
 /**
- * A UDP server that responds to the QOTM (quote of the moment) request to a
+ * A UDP server that responds to the QOTM (quote of the moment) request to a {@link QuoteOfTheMomentClient}.
- * {@link QuoteOfTheMomentClient}.
  *
- * Inspired by <a href="http://goo.gl/BsXVR">the official Java tutorial</a>.
+ * Inspired by <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/networking/datagrams/clientServer.html">the official
+ * Java tutorial</a>.
  */
-public class QuoteOfTheMomentServer {
+public final class QuoteOfTheMomentServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    private static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "7686"));
 
-    public QuoteOfTheMomentServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
@@ -44,19 +40,9 @@ public class QuoteOfTheMomentServer {
              .option(ChannelOption.SO_BROADCAST, true)
              .handler(new QuoteOfTheMomentServerHandler());
 
-            b.bind(port).sync().channel().closeFuture().await();
+            b.bind(PORT).sync().channel().closeFuture().await();
         } finally {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 8080;
-        }
-        new QuoteOfTheMomentServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/qotm/QuoteOfTheMomentServerHandler.java

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public class QuoteOfTheMomentServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<D
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, DatagramPacket packet) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, DatagramPacket packet) {
         System.err.println(packet);
         if ("QOTM?".equals(packet.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8))) {
             ctx.write(new DatagramPacket(
@@ -53,14 +53,12 @@ public class QuoteOfTheMomentServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<D
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-            ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
-            throws Exception {
         cause.printStackTrace();
         // We don't close the channel because we can keep serving requests.
     }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/rxtx/RxtxClient.java

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
  */
 public final class RxtxClient {
 
+    static final String PORT = System.getProperty("port", "/dev/ttyUSB0");
+
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new OioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
@@ -49,14 +51,11 @@ public final class RxtxClient {
                  }
              });
 
-            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(new RxtxDeviceAddress("/dev/ttyUSB0")).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(new RxtxDeviceAddress(PORT)).sync();
 
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
         } finally {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    private RxtxClient() {
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/rxtx/RxtxClientHandler.java

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public class RxtxClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) {
         if ("OK".equals(msg)) {
             System.out.println("Serial port responded to AT");
         } else {

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/sctp/OioSctpEchoClient.java

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.sctp;
-
-import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.oio.OioEventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.sctp.SctpChannel;
-import io.netty.channel.sctp.SctpChannelOption;
-import io.netty.channel.sctp.oio.OioSctpChannel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
-
-/**
- * Sends one message when a connection is open and echoes back any received
- * data to the server over SCTP connection.
- *
- * Simply put, the echo client initiates the ping-pong
- * traffic between the echo client and server by sending the first message to
- * the server.
- */
-public class OioSctpEchoClient {
-
-    private final String host;
-    private final int port;
-    private final int firstMessageSize;
-
-    public OioSctpEchoClient(String host, int port, int firstMessageSize) {
-        this.host = host;
-        this.port = port;
-        this.firstMessageSize = firstMessageSize;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        // Configure the client.
-        EventLoopGroup group = new OioEventLoopGroup();
-        try {
-            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
-            b.group(group)
-             .channel(OioSctpChannel.class)
-             .option(SctpChannelOption.SCTP_NODELAY, true)
-             .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SctpChannel>() {
-                 @Override
-                 public void initChannel(SctpChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                     ch.pipeline().addLast(
-                             new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
-                             new SctpEchoClientHandler(firstMessageSize));
-                 }
-             });
-
-            // Start the client.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();
-
-            // Wait until the connection is closed.
-            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
-        } finally {
-            // Shut down the event loop to terminate all threads.
-            group.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length < 2 || args.length > 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + OioSctpEchoClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                            " <host> <port> [<first message size>]");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        final String host = args[0];
-        final int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-        final int firstMessageSize;
-        if (args.length == 3) {
-            firstMessageSize = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-        } else {
-            firstMessageSize = 256;
-        }
-
-        new OioSctpEchoClient(host, port, firstMessageSize).run();
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/sctp/OioSctpEchoServer.java

@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
- *
- * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
- * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package io.netty.example.sctp;
-
-import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
-import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
-import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.oio.OioEventLoopGroup;
-import io.netty.channel.sctp.SctpChannel;
-import io.netty.channel.sctp.oio.OioSctpServerChannel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
-
-/**
- * Echoes back any received data from a SCTP client.
- */
-public class OioSctpEchoServer {
-
-    private final int port;
-
-    public OioSctpEchoServer(int port) {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
-        // Configure the server.
-        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new OioEventLoopGroup(1);
-        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new OioEventLoopGroup();
-        try {
-            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
-            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
-             .channel(OioSctpServerChannel.class)
-             .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)
-             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
-             .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SctpChannel>() {
-                 @Override
-                 public void initChannel(SctpChannel ch) throws Exception {
-                     ch.pipeline().addLast(
-                             new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
-                             new SctpEchoServerHandler());
-                 }
-             });
-
-            // Start the server.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
-
-            // Wait until the server socket is closed.
-            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
-        } finally {
-            // Shut down all event loops to terminate all threads.
-            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 2556;
-        }
-        new OioSctpEchoServer(port).run();
-    }
-}

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/sctp/SctpEchoClient.java

@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.sctp.SctpChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.sctp.SctpChannelOption;
 import io.netty.channel.sctp.nio.NioSctpChannel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
-import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 
 /**
  * Sends one message when a connection is open and echoes back any received
@@ -34,19 +32,13 @@ import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
  * traffic between the echo client and server by sending the first message to
  * the server.
  */
-public class NioSctpEchoClient {
+public final class SctpEchoClient {
 
-    private final String host;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private final int port;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));
-    private final int firstMessageSize;
+    static final int SIZE = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("size", "256"));
 
-    public NioSctpEchoClient(String host, int port, int firstMessageSize) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.host = host;
-        this.port = port;
-        this.firstMessageSize = firstMessageSize;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the client.
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
@@ -58,13 +50,13 @@ public class NioSctpEchoClient {
                  @Override
                  public void initChannel(SctpChannel ch) throws Exception {
                      ch.pipeline().addLast(
-                             new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
+                             //new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
-                             new SctpEchoClientHandler(firstMessageSize));
+                             new SctpEchoClientHandler());
                  }
              });
 
             // Start the client.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the connection is closed.
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
@@ -73,26 +65,4 @@ public class NioSctpEchoClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length < 2 || args.length > 3) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + NioSctpEchoClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <host> <port> [<first message size>]");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        final String host = args[0];
-        final int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-        final int firstMessageSize;
-        if (args.length == 3) {
-            firstMessageSize = Integer.parseInt(args[2]);
-        } else {
-            firstMessageSize = 256;
-        }
-
-        new NioSctpEchoClient(host, port, firstMessageSize).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/sctp/SctpEchoClientHandler.java

@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.sctp.SctpMessage;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handler implementation for the SCTP echo client.  It initiates the ping-pong
  * traffic between the echo client and server by sending the first message to
@@ -31,19 +28,13 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
  */
 public class SctpEchoClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            SctpEchoClientHandler.class.getName());
-
     private final ByteBuf firstMessage;
 
     /**
      * Creates a client-side handler.
      */
-    public SctpEchoClientHandler(int firstMessageSize) {
+    public SctpEchoClientHandler() {
-        if (firstMessageSize <= 0) {
+        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(SctpEchoClient.SIZE);
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("firstMessageSize: " + firstMessageSize);
-        }
-        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(firstMessageSize);
         for (int i = 0; i < firstMessage.capacity(); i++) {
             firstMessage.writeByte((byte) i);
         }
@@ -55,19 +46,19 @@ public class SctpEchoClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
         // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
-        logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
+        cause.printStackTrace();
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/sctp/SctpEchoServer.java

@@ -29,15 +29,11 @@ import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
 /**
  * Echoes back any received data from a SCTP client.
  */
-public class NioSctpEchoServer {
+public final class SctpEchoServer {
 
-    private final int port;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));
 
-    public NioSctpEchoServer(int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.port = port;
-    }
-
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         // Configure the server.
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@@ -51,13 +47,13 @@ public class NioSctpEchoServer {
                  @Override
                  public void initChannel(SctpChannel ch) throws Exception {
                      ch.pipeline().addLast(
-                             new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
+                             //new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO),
                              new SctpEchoServerHandler());
                  }
              });
 
             // Start the server.
-            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
+            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
 
             // Wait until the server socket is closed.
             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
@@ -67,14 +63,4 @@ public class NioSctpEchoServer {
             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        int port;
-        if (args.length > 0) {
-            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
-        } else {
-            port = 2556;
-        }
-        new NioSctpEchoServer(port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/sctp/SctpEchoServerHandler.java

@@ -19,32 +19,26 @@ import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler.Sharable;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handler implementation for the SCTP echo server.
  */
 @Sharable
 public class SctpEchoServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            SctpEchoServerHandler.class.getName());
-
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
+    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
-        // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
-        logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
-        ctx.close();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
         ctx.write(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
+    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
         ctx.flush();
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
+        // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
+        cause.printStackTrace();
+        ctx.close();
+    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/securechat/SecureChatClient.java

@@ -31,19 +31,15 @@ import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 /**
  * Simple SSL chat client modified from {@link TelnetClient}.
  */
-public class SecureChatClient {
+public final class SecureChatClient {
 
-    private final SslContext sslCtx;
+    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
-    private final String host;
+    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8992"));
-    private final int port;
 
-    public SecureChatClient(SslContext sslCtx, String host, int port) {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
+        // Configure SSL.
-        this.host = host;
+        final SslContext sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
-        this.port = port;
-    }
 
-    public void run() throws Exception {
         EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         try {
             Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
@@ -52,7 +48,7 @@ public class SecureChatClient {
              .handler(new SecureChatClientInitializer(sslCtx));
 
             // Start the connection attempt.
-            Channel ch = b.connect(host, port).sync().channel();
+            Channel ch = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync().channel();
 
             // Read commands from the stdin.
             ChannelFuture lastWriteFuture = null;
@@ -83,22 +79,4 @@ public class SecureChatClient {
             group.shutdownGracefully();
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        // Print usage if no argument is specified.
-        if (args.length != 2) {
-            System.err.println(
-                    "Usage: " + SecureChatClient.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    " <host> <port>");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Parse options.
-        String host = args[0];
-        int port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
-
-        // Configure SSL.
-        SslContext sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
-        new SecureChatClient(sslCtx, host, port).run();
-    }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/securechat/SecureChatClientHandler.java

@@ -18,27 +18,19 @@ package io.netty.example.securechat;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
 
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
 /**
  * Handles a client-side channel.
  */
 public class SecureChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
 
-    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
-            SecureChatClientHandler.class.getName());
-
     @Override
-    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
+    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) {
         System.err.println(msg);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
+    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
-        logger.log(
+        cause.printStackTrace();
-                Level.WARNING,
-                "Unexpected exception from downstream.", cause);
         ctx.close();
     }
 }

example/src/main/java/io/netty/example/securechat/SecureChatClientInitializer.java

@@ -44,15 +44,14 @@ public class SecureChatClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChanne
         // and accept any invalid certificates in the client side.
         // You will need something more complicated to identify both
         // and server in the real world.
-        pipeline.addLast("ssl", sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
+        pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), SecureChatClient.HOST, SecureChatClient.PORT));
 
         // On top of the SSL handler, add the text line codec.
-        pipeline.addLast("framer", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(
+        pipeline.addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(8192, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
-                8192, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
+        pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
+        pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder());
-        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
 
         // and then business logic.
-        pipeline.addLast("handler", new SecureChatClientHandler());
+        pipeline.addLast(new SecureChatClientHandler());
     }
 }