External Value Store
Summary: Developing a capability for storing values on external backing file(s). This is just a highly unoptimized first pass - supports: 1) Allocating some portion of external file to be used to store value 2) Freeing the range, enabling it to be reused by other values As next steps, I plan to: 1) Create some kind of stress testing. Once I can measure stuff, I can focus on optimizing. 2) Optimize locking. 3) Optimize freelist data structure. Currently we have O(n) for both freeing and allocation. 4) Figure out how to do recovery. Test Plan: Created a unit test. Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, kailiu Reviewed By: dhruba CC: leveldb Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D13389
This commit is contained in:
parent
0f31843c15
commit
fc4616d898
4
Makefile
4
Makefile
@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ TESTS = \
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db_test \
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dbformat_test \
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env_test \
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blob_store_test \
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filelock_test \
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filename_test \
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filter_block_test \
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@ -204,6 +205,9 @@ cache_test: util/cache_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS)
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coding_test: util/coding_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS)
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$(CXX) util/coding_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) $(EXEC_LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(COVERAGEFLAGS)
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blob_store_test: util/blob_store_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) $(TESTUTIL)
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$(CXX) util/blob_store_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) $(EXEC_LDFLAGS) -o$@ $(LDFLAGS) $(COVERAGEFLAGS)
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stringappend_test: utilities/merge_operators/string_append/stringappend_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS)
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$(CXX) utilities/merge_operators/string_append/stringappend_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) $(EXEC_LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(COVERAGEFLAGS)
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297
util/blob_store.cc
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297
util/blob_store.cc
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@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
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// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
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// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
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#include "util/blob_store.h"
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namespace rocksdb {
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using namespace std;
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// BlobChunk
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bool BlobChunk::ImmediatelyBefore(const BlobChunk& chunk) const {
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// overlapping!?
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assert(!Overlap(chunk));
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// size == 0 is a marker, not a block
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return size != 0 &&
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bucket_id == chunk.bucket_id &&
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offset + size == chunk.offset;
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}
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bool BlobChunk::Overlap(const BlobChunk &chunk) const {
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return size != 0 && chunk.size != 0 && bucket_id == chunk.bucket_id &&
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((offset >= chunk.offset && offset < chunk.offset + chunk.size) ||
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(chunk.offset >= offset && chunk.offset < offset + size));
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}
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// Blob
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string Blob::ToString() const {
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string ret;
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for (auto chunk : chunks) {
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PutFixed32(&ret, chunk.bucket_id);
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PutFixed32(&ret, chunk.offset);
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PutFixed32(&ret, chunk.size);
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}
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return ret;
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}
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Blob::Blob(const std::string& blob) {
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for (uint32_t i = 0; i < blob.size(); ) {
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uint32_t t[3] = {0};
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for (int j = 0; j < 3 && i + sizeof(uint32_t) - 1 < blob.size();
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++j, i += sizeof(uint32_t)) {
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t[j] = DecodeFixed32(blob.data() + i);
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}
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chunks.push_back(BlobChunk(t[0], t[1], t[2]));
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}
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}
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// FreeList
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FreeList::FreeList() {
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// We add (0, 0, 0) blob because it makes our life easier and
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// code cleaner. (0, 0, 0) is always in the list so we can
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// guarantee that free_chunks_list_ != nullptr, which avoids
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// lots of unnecessary ifs
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free_chunks_list_ = (FreeChunk *)malloc(sizeof(FreeChunk));
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free_chunks_list_->chunk = BlobChunk(0, 0, 0);
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free_chunks_list_->next = nullptr;
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}
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FreeList::~FreeList() {
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while (free_chunks_list_ != nullptr) {
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FreeChunk* t = free_chunks_list_;
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free_chunks_list_ = free_chunks_list_->next;
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free(t);
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}
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}
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Status FreeList::Free(const Blob& blob) {
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MutexLock l(&mutex_);
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// add it back to the free list
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for (auto chunk : blob.chunks) {
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FreeChunk* itr = free_chunks_list_;
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// find a node AFTER which we'll add the block
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for ( ; itr->next != nullptr && itr->next->chunk <= chunk;
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itr = itr->next) {
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}
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// try to merge with previous block
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if (itr->chunk.ImmediatelyBefore(chunk)) {
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// merge
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itr->chunk.size += chunk.size;
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} else {
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// Insert the block after itr
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FreeChunk* t = (FreeChunk*)malloc(sizeof(FreeChunk));
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if (t == nullptr) {
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throw runtime_error("Malloc failed");
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}
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t->chunk = chunk;
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t->next = itr->next;
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itr->next = t;
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itr = t;
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}
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// try to merge with the next block
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if (itr->next != nullptr &&
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itr->chunk.ImmediatelyBefore(itr->next->chunk)) {
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FreeChunk *tobedeleted = itr->next;
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itr->chunk.size += itr->next->chunk.size;
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itr->next = itr->next->next;
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free(tobedeleted);
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}
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}
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return Status::OK();
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}
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Status FreeList::Allocate(uint32_t blocks, Blob* blob) {
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MutexLock l(&mutex_);
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FreeChunk** best_fit_node = nullptr;
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// Find the smallest free chunk whose size is greater or equal to blocks
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for (FreeChunk** itr = &free_chunks_list_; (*itr) != nullptr;
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itr = &((*itr)->next)) {
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if ((*itr)->chunk.size >= blocks &&
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(best_fit_node == nullptr ||
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(*best_fit_node)->chunk.size > (*itr)->chunk.size)) {
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best_fit_node = itr;
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}
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}
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if (best_fit_node == nullptr || *best_fit_node == nullptr) {
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// Not enough memory
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return Status::Incomplete("");
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}
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blob->SetOneChunk((*best_fit_node)->chunk.bucket_id,
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(*best_fit_node)->chunk.offset,
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blocks);
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if ((*best_fit_node)->chunk.size > blocks) {
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// just shorten best_fit_node
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(*best_fit_node)->chunk.offset += blocks;
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(*best_fit_node)->chunk.size -= blocks;
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} else {
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assert(blocks == (*best_fit_node)->chunk.size);
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// delete best_fit_node
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FreeChunk* t = *best_fit_node;
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(*best_fit_node) = (*best_fit_node)->next;
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free(t);
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}
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return Status::OK();
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}
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bool FreeList::Overlap(const Blob &blob) const {
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MutexLock l(&mutex_);
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for (auto chunk : blob.chunks) {
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for (auto itr = free_chunks_list_; itr != nullptr; itr = itr->next) {
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if (itr->chunk.Overlap(chunk)) {
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return true;
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}
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}
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}
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return false;
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}
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// BlobStore
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BlobStore::BlobStore(const string& directory,
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uint64_t block_size,
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uint32_t blocks_per_bucket,
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Env* env) :
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directory_(directory),
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block_size_(block_size),
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blocks_per_bucket_(blocks_per_bucket),
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env_(env) {
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env_->CreateDirIfMissing(directory_);
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storage_options_.use_mmap_writes = false;
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storage_options_.use_mmap_reads = false;
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CreateNewBucket();
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}
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BlobStore::~BlobStore() {
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// TODO we don't care about recovery for now
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}
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Status BlobStore::Put(const char* value, uint64_t size, Blob* blob) {
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// convert size to number of blocks
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Status s = Allocate((size + block_size_ - 1) / block_size_, blob);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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return s;
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}
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uint64_t offset = 0; // in bytes, not blocks
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for (auto chunk : blob->chunks) {
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uint64_t write_size = min(chunk.size * block_size_, size);
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assert(chunk.bucket_id < buckets_.size());
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s = buckets_[chunk.bucket_id].get()->Write(chunk.offset * block_size_,
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Slice(value + offset,
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write_size));
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if (!s.ok()) {
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Delete(*blob);
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return s;
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}
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offset += write_size;
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size -= write_size;
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if (write_size < chunk.size * block_size_) {
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// if we have any space left in the block, fill it up with zeros
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string zero_string(chunk.size * block_size_ - write_size, 0);
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s = buckets_[chunk.bucket_id].get()->Write(chunk.offset * block_size_ +
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write_size,
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Slice(zero_string));
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}
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}
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if (size > 0) {
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Delete(*blob);
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return Status::IOError("Tried to write more data than fits in the blob");
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}
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return Status::OK();
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}
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Status BlobStore::Get(const Blob& blob,
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string* value) const {
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// assert that it doesn't overlap with free list
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// it will get compiled out for release
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assert(!free_list_.Overlap(blob));
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uint32_t total_size = 0; // in blocks
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for (auto chunk : blob.chunks) {
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total_size += chunk.size;
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}
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assert(total_size > 0);
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value->resize(total_size * block_size_);
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uint64_t offset = 0; // in bytes, not blocks
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for (auto chunk : blob.chunks) {
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Slice result;
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assert(chunk.bucket_id < buckets_.size());
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Status s;
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s = buckets_[chunk.bucket_id].get()->Read(chunk.offset * block_size_,
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chunk.size * block_size_,
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&result,
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&value->at(offset));
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if (!s.ok() || result.size() < chunk.size * block_size_) {
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value->clear();
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return Status::IOError("Could not read in from file");
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}
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offset += chunk.size * block_size_;
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}
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// remove the '\0's at the end of the string
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value->erase(find(value->begin(), value->end(), '\0'), value->end());
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return Status::OK();
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}
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Status BlobStore::Delete(const Blob& blob) {
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return free_list_.Free(blob);
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}
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Status BlobStore::Allocate(uint32_t blocks, Blob* blob) {
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// TODO we don't currently support fragmented blobs
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MutexLock l(&allocate_mutex_);
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assert(blocks <= blocks_per_bucket_);
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Status s;
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s = free_list_.Allocate(blocks, blob);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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CreateNewBucket();
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s = free_list_.Allocate(blocks, blob);
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}
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return s;
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}
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Status BlobStore::CreateNewBucket() {
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int new_bucket_id;
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new_bucket_id = buckets_.size();
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buckets_.push_back(unique_ptr<RandomRWFile>());
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char fname[200];
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sprintf(fname, "%s/%d.bs", directory_.c_str(), new_bucket_id);
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Status s = env_->NewRandomRWFile(string(fname),
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&buckets_[new_bucket_id],
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storage_options_);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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buckets_.erase(buckets_.begin() + new_bucket_id);
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return s;
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}
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s = buckets_[new_bucket_id].get()->Allocate(
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0, block_size_ * blocks_per_bucket_);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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buckets_.erase(buckets_.begin() + new_bucket_id);
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return s;
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}
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return free_list_.Free(Blob(new_bucket_id, 0, blocks_per_bucket_));
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}
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} // namespace rocksdb
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151
util/blob_store.h
Normal file
151
util/blob_store.h
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
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// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
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// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
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#pragma once
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#include "rocksdb/env.h"
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#include "rocksdb/status.h"
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#include "port/port.h"
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#include "util/mutexlock.h"
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#include "util/coding.h"
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#include <list>
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#include <cstdint>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <stdexcept>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <cstdio>
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namespace rocksdb {
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struct BlobChunk {
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uint32_t bucket_id;
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uint32_t offset; // in blocks
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uint32_t size; // in blocks
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BlobChunk() {}
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BlobChunk(uint32_t bucket_id, uint32_t offset, uint32_t size) :
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bucket_id(bucket_id), offset(offset), size(size) {}
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bool operator <= (const BlobChunk& chunk) const {
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if (bucket_id != chunk.bucket_id) {
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return bucket_id < chunk.bucket_id;
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}
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if (offset != chunk.offset) {
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return offset < chunk.offset;
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}
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return true;
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}
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// returns true if it's immediately before chunk
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bool ImmediatelyBefore(const BlobChunk& chunk) const;
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// returns true if chunks overlap
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bool Overlap(const BlobChunk &chunk) const;
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};
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// We represent each Blob as a string in format:
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// bucket_id offset size|bucket_id offset size...
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// The string can be used to reference the Blob stored on external
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// device/file
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// Not thread-safe!
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struct Blob {
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// Generates the string
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std::string ToString() const;
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// Parses the previously generated string
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explicit Blob(const std::string& blob);
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// Creates unfragmented Blob
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Blob(uint32_t bucket_id, uint32_t offset, uint32_t size) {
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SetOneChunk(bucket_id, offset, size);
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}
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Blob() {}
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void SetOneChunk(uint32_t bucket_id, uint32_t offset, uint32_t size) {
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chunks.clear();
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chunks.push_back(BlobChunk(bucket_id, offset, size));
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}
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// bucket_id, offset, size
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std::vector<BlobChunk> chunks;
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};
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// Keeps a list of free chunks
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class FreeList {
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public:
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FreeList ();
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~FreeList();
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// Allocates a a blob. Stores the allocated blob in
|
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// 'blob'. Returns non-OK status if it failed to allocate.
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// Thread-safe
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Status Allocate(uint32_t blocks, Blob* blob);
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// Frees the blob for reuse. Thread-safe
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Status Free(const Blob& blob);
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// returns true if blob is overlapping with any of the
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// chunks stored in free list
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bool Overlap(const Blob &blob) const;
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private:
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struct FreeChunk {
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BlobChunk chunk;
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FreeChunk* next;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
FreeChunk* free_chunks_list_;
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||||
mutable port::Mutex mutex_;
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};
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// thread-safe
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class BlobStore {
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public:
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// directory - wherever the blobs should be stored. It will be created
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// if missing
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// block_size - self explanatory
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// blocks_per_bucket - how many blocks we want to keep in one bucket.
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// Bucket is a device or a file that we use to store the blobs.
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// If we don't have enough blocks to allocate a new blob, we will
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// try to create a new file or device.
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// env - env for creating new files
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BlobStore(const std::string& directory,
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uint64_t block_size,
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uint32_t blocks_per_bucket,
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Env* env);
|
||||
~BlobStore();
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||||
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||||
// Allocates space for size bytes (rounded up to be multiple of
|
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// block size) and writes size bytes from value to a backing store.
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// Sets Blob blob that can than be used for addressing the
|
||||
// stored value. Returns non-OK status on error.
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||||
Status Put(const char* value, uint64_t size, Blob* blob);
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||||
// Value needs to have enough space to store all the loaded stuff.
|
||||
// This function is thread safe!
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||||
Status Get(const Blob& blob, std::string* value) const;
|
||||
// Frees the blob for reuse, but does not delete the data
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||||
// on the backing store.
|
||||
Status Delete(const Blob& blob);
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||||
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||||
private:
|
||||
const std::string directory_;
|
||||
// block_size_ is uint64_t because when we multiply with
|
||||
// blocks_size_ we want the result to be uint64_t or
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||||
// we risk overflowing
|
||||
const uint64_t block_size_;
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||||
const uint32_t blocks_per_bucket_;
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||||
Env* env_;
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||||
EnvOptions storage_options_;
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||||
FreeList free_list_;
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||||
// protected by buckets mutex
|
||||
std::vector<unique_ptr<RandomRWFile>> buckets_;
|
||||
mutable port::Mutex allocate_mutex_;
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||||
|
||||
// Calls FreeList allocate. If free list can't allocate
|
||||
// new blob, creates new bucket and tries again
|
||||
// Thread-safe
|
||||
Status Allocate(uint32_t blocks, Blob* blob);
|
||||
|
||||
// Creates a new backing store and adds all the blocks
|
||||
// from the new backing store to the free list
|
||||
// NOT thread-safe, call with lock held
|
||||
Status CreateNewBucket();
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
} // namespace rocksdb
|
133
util/blob_store_test.cc
Normal file
133
util/blob_store_test.cc
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
|
||||
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
|
||||
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
|
||||
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
|
||||
|
||||
#include "util/blob_store.h"
|
||||
|
||||
#include "util/testharness.h"
|
||||
#include "util/testutil.h"
|
||||
#include "util/random.h"
|
||||
|
||||
#include <cstdlib>
|
||||
#include <string>
|
||||
|
||||
namespace rocksdb {
|
||||
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
|
||||
class BlobStoreTest { };
|
||||
|
||||
TEST(BlobStoreTest, RangeParseTest) {
|
||||
Blob e;
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
|
||||
e.chunks.push_back(BlobChunk(rand(), rand(), rand()));
|
||||
}
|
||||
string x = e.ToString();
|
||||
Blob nx(x);
|
||||
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(nx.ToString(), x);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// make sure we're reusing the freed space
|
||||
TEST(BlobStoreTest, SanityTest) {
|
||||
const uint64_t block_size = 10;
|
||||
const uint32_t blocks_per_file = 20;
|
||||
Random random(5);
|
||||
|
||||
BlobStore blob_store(test::TmpDir() + "/blob_store_test",
|
||||
block_size,
|
||||
blocks_per_file,
|
||||
Env::Default());
|
||||
|
||||
string buf;
|
||||
|
||||
// put string of size 170
|
||||
test::RandomString(&random, 170, &buf);
|
||||
Blob r1;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Put(buf.data(), 170, &r1));
|
||||
// use the first file
|
||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < r1.chunks.size(); ++i) {
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(r1.chunks[0].bucket_id, 0u);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// put string of size 30
|
||||
test::RandomString(&random, 30, &buf);
|
||||
Blob r2;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Put(buf.data(), 30, &r2));
|
||||
// use the first file
|
||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < r2.chunks.size(); ++i) {
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(r2.chunks[0].bucket_id, 0u);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// delete blob of size 170
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Delete(r1));
|
||||
|
||||
// put a string of size 100
|
||||
test::RandomString(&random, 100, &buf);
|
||||
Blob r3;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Put(buf.data(), 100, &r3));
|
||||
// use the first file
|
||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < r3.chunks.size(); ++i) {
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(r3.chunks[0].bucket_id, 0u);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// put a string of size 70
|
||||
test::RandomString(&random, 70, &buf);
|
||||
Blob r4;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Put(buf.data(), 70, &r4));
|
||||
// use the first file
|
||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < r4.chunks.size(); ++i) {
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(r4.chunks[0].bucket_id, 0u);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// put a string of size 5
|
||||
test::RandomString(&random, 5, &buf);
|
||||
Blob r5;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Put(buf.data(), 70, &r5));
|
||||
// now you get to use the second file
|
||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < r5.chunks.size(); ++i) {
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(r5.chunks[0].bucket_id, 1u);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
TEST(BlobStoreTest, CreateAndStoreTest) {
|
||||
const uint64_t block_size = 10;
|
||||
const uint32_t blocks_per_file = 1000;
|
||||
const int max_blurb_size = 300;
|
||||
Random random(5);
|
||||
|
||||
BlobStore blob_store(test::TmpDir() + "/blob_store_test",
|
||||
block_size,
|
||||
blocks_per_file,
|
||||
Env::Default());
|
||||
vector<pair<Blob, string>> ranges;
|
||||
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 20000; ++i) {
|
||||
int decision = rand() % 5;
|
||||
if (decision <= 2 || ranges.size() == 0) {
|
||||
string buf;
|
||||
int size_blocks = (rand() % max_blurb_size + 1);
|
||||
int string_size = size_blocks * block_size - (rand() % block_size);
|
||||
test::RandomString(&random, string_size, &buf);
|
||||
Blob r;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Put(buf.data(), string_size, &r));
|
||||
ranges.push_back(make_pair(r, buf));
|
||||
} else if (decision == 3) {
|
||||
int ti = rand() % ranges.size();
|
||||
string out_buf;
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Get(ranges[ti].first, &out_buf));
|
||||
ASSERT_EQ(ranges[ti].second, out_buf);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
int ti = rand() % ranges.size();
|
||||
ASSERT_OK(blob_store.Delete(ranges[ti].first));
|
||||
ranges.erase(ranges.begin() + ti);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
} // namespace rocksdb
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
|
||||
return rocksdb::test::RunAllTests();
|
||||
}
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user