012d5ed285
5 Commits
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Peter Dillinger
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a8b3b9a20c |
Refine Ribbon configuration, improve testing, add Homogeneous (#7879)
Summary:
This change only affects non-schema-critical aspects of the production candidate Ribbon filter. Specifically, it refines choice of internal configuration parameters based on inputs. The changes are minor enough that the schema tests in bloom_test, some of which depend on this, are unaffected. There are also some minor optimizations and refactorings.
This would be a schema change for "smash" Ribbon, to fix some known issues with small filters, but "smash" Ribbon is not accessible in public APIs. Unit test CompactnessAndBacktrackAndFpRate updated to test small and medium-large filters. Run with --thoroughness=100 or so for much better detection power (not appropriate for continuous regression testing).
Homogenous Ribbon:
This change adds internally a Ribbon filter variant we call Homogeneous Ribbon, in collaboration with Stefan Walzer. The expected "result" value for every key is zero, instead of computed from a hash. Entropy for queries not to be false positives comes from free variables ("overhead") in the solution structure, which are populated pseudorandomly. Construction is slightly faster for not tracking result values, and never fails. Instead, FP rate can jump up whenever and whereever entries are packed too tightly. For small structures, we can choose overhead to make this FP rate jump unlikely, as seen in updated unit test CompactnessAndBacktrackAndFpRate.
Unlike standard Ribbon, Homogeneous Ribbon seems to scale to arbitrary number of keys when accepting an FP rate penalty for small pockets of high FP rate in the structure. For example, 64-bit ribbon with 8 solution columns and 10% allocated space overhead for slots seems to achieve about 10.5% space overhead vs. information-theoretic minimum based on its observed FP rate with expected pockets of degradation. (FP rate is close to 1/256.) If targeting a higher FP rate with fewer solution columns, Homogeneous Ribbon can be even more space efficient, because the penalty from degradation is relatively smaller. If targeting a lower FP rate, Homogeneous Ribbon is less space efficient, as more allocated overhead is needed to keep the FP rate impact of degradation relatively under control. The new OptimizeHomogAtScale tool in ribbon_test helps to find these optimal allocation overheads for different numbers of solution columns. And Ribbon widths, with 128-bit Ribbon apparently cutting space overheads in half vs. 64-bit.
Other misc item specifics:
* Ribbon APIs in util/ribbon_config.h now provide configuration data for not just 5% construction failure rate (95% success), but also 50% and 0.1%.
* Note that the Ribbon structure does not exhibit "threshold" behavior as standard Xor filter does, so there is a roughly fixed space penalty to cut construction failure rate in half. Thus, there isn't really an "almost sure" setting.
* Although we can extrapolate settings for large filters, we don't have a good formula for configuring smaller filters (< 2^17 slots or so), and efforts to summarize with a formula have failed. Thus, small data is hard-coded from updated FindOccupancy tool.
* Enhances ApproximateNumEntries for public API Ribbon using more precise data (new API GetNumToAdd), thus a more accurate but not perfect reversal of CalculateSpace. (bloom_test updated to expect the greater precision)
* Move EndianSwapValue from coding.h to coding_lean.h to keep Ribbon code easily transferable from RocksDB
* Add some missing 'const' to member functions
* Small optimization to 128-bit BitParity
* Small refactoring of BandingStorage in ribbon_alg.h to support Homogeneous Ribbon
* CompactnessAndBacktrackAndFpRate now has an "expand" test: on construction failure, a possible alternative to re-seeding hash functions is simply to increase the number of slots (allocated space overhead) and try again with essentially the same hash values. (Start locations will be different roundings of the same scaled hash values--because fastrange not mod.) This seems to be as effective or more effective than re-seeding, as long as we increase the number of slots (m) by roughly m += m/w where w is the Ribbon width. This way, there is effectively an expansion by one slot for each ribbon-width window in the banding. (This approach assumes that getting "bad data" from your hash function is as unlikely as it naturally should be, e.g. no adversary.)
* 32-bit and 16-bit Ribbon configurations are added to ribbon_test for understanding their behavior, e.g. with FindOccupancy. They are not considered useful at this time and not tested with CompactnessAndBacktrackAndFpRate.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/7879
Test Plan: unit test updates included
Reviewed By: jay-zhuang
Differential Revision: D26371245
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: da6600d90a3785b99ad17a88b2a3027710b4ea3a
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Peter Dillinger
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e4f1e64c30 |
Add prefetching (batched MultiGet) for experimental Ribbon filter (#7889)
Summary: Adds support for prefetching data in Ribbon queries, which especially optimizes batched Ribbon queries for MultiGet (~222ns/key to ~97ns/key) but also single key queries on cold memory (~333ns to ~226ns) because many queries span more than one cache line. This required some refactoring of the query algorithm, and there does not appear to be a noticeable regression in "hot memory" query times (perhaps from 48ns to 50ns). Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/7889 Test Plan: existing unit tests, plus performance validation with filter_bench: Each data point is the best of two runs. I saturated the machine CPUs with other filter_bench runs in the background. Before: $ ./filter_bench -impl=3 -m_keys_total_max=200 -average_keys_per_filter=100000 -m_queries=50 WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow Building... Build avg ns/key: 125.86 Number of filters: 1993 Total size (MB): 168.166 Reported total allocated memory (MB): 183.211 Reported internal fragmentation: 8.94626% Bits/key stored: 7.05341 Prelim FP rate %: 0.951827 ---------------------------- Mixed inside/outside queries... Single filter net ns/op: 48.0111 Batched, prepared net ns/op: 222.384 Batched, unprepared net ns/op: 343.908 Skewed 50% in 1% net ns/op: 252.916 Skewed 80% in 20% net ns/op: 320.579 Random filter net ns/op: 332.957 After: $ ./filter_bench -impl=3 -m_keys_total_max=200 -average_keys_per_filter=100000 -m_queries=50 WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow Building... Build avg ns/key: 128.117 Number of filters: 1993 Total size (MB): 168.166 Reported total allocated memory (MB): 183.211 Reported internal fragmentation: 8.94626% Bits/key stored: 7.05341 Prelim FP rate %: 0.951827 ---------------------------- Mixed inside/outside queries... Single filter net ns/op: 49.8812 Batched, prepared net ns/op: 97.1514 Batched, unprepared net ns/op: 222.025 Skewed 50% in 1% net ns/op: 197.48 Skewed 80% in 20% net ns/op: 212.457 Random filter net ns/op: 226.464 Bloom comparison, for reference: $ ./filter_bench -impl=2 -m_keys_total_max=200 -average_keys_per_filter=100000 -m_queries=50 WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow Building... Build avg ns/key: 35.3042 Number of filters: 1993 Total size (MB): 238.488 Reported total allocated memory (MB): 262.875 Reported internal fragmentation: 10.2255% Bits/key stored: 10.0029 Prelim FP rate %: 0.965327 ---------------------------- Mixed inside/outside queries... Single filter net ns/op: 9.09931 Batched, prepared net ns/op: 34.21 Batched, unprepared net ns/op: 88.8564 Skewed 50% in 1% net ns/op: 139.75 Skewed 80% in 20% net ns/op: 181.264 Random filter net ns/op: 173.88 Reviewed By: jay-zhuang Differential Revision: D26378710 Pulled By: pdillinger fbshipit-source-id: 058428967c55ed763698284cd3b4bbe3351b6e69 |
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Peter Dillinger
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8b8a2e9f05 |
Ribbon: major re-work of hashing, seeds, and more (#7635)
Summary: * Fully optimized StandardHasher, in terms of efficiently generating Start, CoeffRow, and ResultRow from a stock hash value, with sufficient independence between them to have no measurably degraded behavior. (Degraded behavior would be an FP rate higher than explainable by 2^-b and, if using a 32-bit stock hash function, expected stock hash collisions.) Details in code comments. * Our standard 64-bit and 32-bit hash functions do not exhibit sufficient independence on sequential seeds (for one Ribbon construction attempt to have independent probability from the next). I have worked around this in the Ribbon code by "pre-mixing" "ordinal seeds," sequentially tried and appropriate for storage in persisted metadata, into "raw seeds," ready for application and appropriate for in-memory storage. This way the pre-mixing step (though fast) is only applied on loading or configuring the structure, not on each query or banding add. * Fix a subtle flaw in which backtracking not clearing ResultRow data could lead to elevated FP rate on keys that were backtracked on and should (for generality) exhibit the same FP rate as novel keys. * Added a basic test for PhsfQuery and construction algorithms (map or "retrieval structure" rather than set or filter), and made a few trivial related fixes. * Better random configuration generation in unit tests * Some other minor cleanup / clarification / etc. Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/7635 Test Plan: unit tests included Reviewed By: jay-zhuang Differential Revision: D24738978 Pulled By: pdillinger fbshipit-source-id: f9d03599d9e2ca3e30e9d3e7d81cd936b56f76f0 |
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Peter Dillinger
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746909ceda |
Ribbon: InterleavedSolutionStorage (#7598)
Summary:
The core algorithms for InterleavedSolutionStorage and the
implementation SerializableInterleavedSolution make Ribbon fast for
filter queries. Example output from new unit test:
Simple outside query, hot, incl hashing, ns/key: 117.796
Interleaved outside query, hot, incl hashing, ns/key: 42.2655
Bloom outside query, hot, incl hashing, ns/key: 24.0071
Also includes misc cleanup of previous Ribbon code and comments.
Some TODOs and FIXMEs remain for futher work / investigation.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/7598
Test Plan: unit tests included (integration work and tests coming later)
Reviewed By: jay-zhuang
Differential Revision: D24559209
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: fea483cd354ba782aea3e806f2bc96e183d59441
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Peter Dillinger
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25d54c799c |
Ribbon: initial (general) algorithms and basic unit test (#7491)
Summary:
This is intended as the first commit toward a near-optimal alternative to static Bloom filters for SSTs. Stephan Walzer and I have agreed upon the name "Ribbon" for a PHSF based on his linear system construction in "Efficient Gauss Elimination for Near-Quadratic Matrices with One Short Random Block per Row, with Applications" ("SGauss") and my much faster "on the fly" algorithm for gaussian elimination (or for this linear system, "banding"), which can be faster than peeling while also more compact and flexible. See util/ribbon_alg.h for more detailed introduction and background. RIBBON = Rapid Incremental Boolean Banding ON-the-fly
This commit just adds generic (templatized) core algorithms and a basic unit test showing some features, including the ability to construct structures within 2.5% space overhead vs. information theoretic lower bound. (Compare to cache-local Bloom filter's ~50% space overhead -> ~30% reduction anticipated.) This commit does not include the storage scheme necessary to make queries fast, especially for filter queries, nor fractional "result bits", but there is some description already and those implementations will come soon. Nor does this commit add FilterPolicy support, for use in SST files, but that will also come soon.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/7491
Reviewed By: jay-zhuang
Differential Revision: D24517954
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: 0119ee597e250d7e0edd38ada2ba50d755606fa7
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