Summary:
99c052a34f fixes integer overflow in GetL0ThresholdSpeedupCompaction() by checking if int become -ve.
UBSAN will complain about that since this is still an overflow, we can fix the issue by simply using int64_t
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1582
Differential Revision: D4241525
Pulled By: IslamAbdelRahman
fbshipit-source-id: b3ae21f
Summary:
Current write stalling system has the problem of lacking of positive feedback if the restricted rate is already too low. Users sometimes stack in very low slowdown value. With the diff, we add a positive feedback (increasing the slowdown value) if we recover from slowdown state back to normal. To avoid the positive feedback to keep the slowdown value to be to high, we add issue a negative feedback every time we are close to the stop condition. Experiments show it is easier to reach a relative balance than before.
Also increase level0_stop_writes_trigger default from 24 to 32. Since level0_slowdown_writes_trigger default is 20, stop trigger 24 only gives four files as the buffer time to slowdown writes. In order to avoid stop in four files while 20 files have been accumulated, the slowdown value must be very low, which is amost the same as stop. It also doesn't give enough time for the slowdown value to converge. Increase it to 32 will smooth out the system.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1562
Differential Revision: D4218519
Pulled By: siying
fbshipit-source-id: 95e4088
Summary:
This PR is based on nbronson's diff with small
modifications to wire it up with existing interface. Comparing to
previous version, this approach works better for inserting keys in
decreasing order or updating the same key, and impose less restriction
to the prefix extractor.
---- Summary from original diff ----
This diff introduces a single InlineSkipList::Insert that unifies
the existing sequential insert optimization (prev_), concurrent insertion,
and insertion using externally-managed insertion point hints.
There's a deep symmetry between insertion hints (cursors) and the
concurrent algorithm. In both cases we have partial information from
the recent past that is likely but not certain to be accurate. This diff
introduces the struct InlineSkipList::Splice, which encodes predecessor
and successor information in the same form that was previously only used
within a single call to InsertConcurrently. Splice holds information
about an insertion point that can be used to levera
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1561
Differential Revision: D4217283
Pulled By: yiwu-arbug
fbshipit-source-id: 33ee437
Summary:
Return an error from DeleteRange() (or Write() if the user is using the
low-level WriteBatch API) if an unsupported table type is configured.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1519
Differential Revision: D4185933
Pulled By: ajkr
fbshipit-source-id: abcdf84
Summary:
It's possible that we set min_write_buffer_number_to_merge to 0.
This should never happen
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1515
Differential Revision: D4183356
Pulled By: yiwu-arbug
fbshipit-source-id: c9d39d7
Summary:
Currently our skip-list have an optimization to speedup sequential
inserts from a single stream, by remembering the last insert position.
We extend the idea to support sequential inserts from multiple streams,
and even tolerate small reordering wihtin each stream.
This PR is the interface part adding the following:
- Add `memtable_insert_prefix_extractor` to allow specifying prefix for each key.
- Add `InsertWithHint()` interface to memtable, to allow underlying
implementation to return a hint of insert position, which can be later
pass back to optimize inserts.
- Memtable will maintain a map from prefix to hints and pass the hint
via `InsertWithHint()` if `memtable_insert_prefix_extractor` is non-null.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1419
Differential Revision: D4079367
Pulled By: yiwu-arbug
fbshipit-source-id: 3555326
Summary:
change ioptions.comparator to user_comparator instread of internal_comparator.
Also change Comparator* to InternalKeyComparator* to make its type explicitly.
Test Plan: make all check -j64
Reviewers: andrewkr, sdong, yiwu
Reviewed By: yiwu
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D65121
Summary:
Issue scenario:
(1) We have 3 files in L1 and we issue a compaction that will compact them into 1 file in L2
(2) While compaction (1) is running, we flush a file into L0 and trigger another compaction that decide to move this file to L1 and then move it again to L2 (this file don't overlap with any other files)
(3) compaction (1) finishes and install the file it generated in L2, but this file overlap with the file we generated in (2) so we break the LSM consistency
Looks like this issue can be triggered by using non-exclusive manual compaction or AddFile()
Test Plan: unit tests
Reviewers: sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: hermanlee4, jkedgar, andrewkr, dhruba, yoshinorim
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D64947
Summary: Use ImmutableDBOptions/MutableDBOptions internally and DBOptions only for user-facing APIs. MutableDBOptions is barely a placeholder for now. I'll start to move options to MutableDBOptions in following diffs.
Test Plan:
make all check
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D64065
Summary: add ColumnFamilyHandleDeletionStarted listener which can be called when user deletes handler.
Test Plan: ./listener_test
Reviewers: yiwu, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D60717
Summary: One more small refactor before I split DBOptions into mutable and immutable parts.
Test Plan: existing unit tests.
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D64047
Summary:
* Change constructor of MutableCFOptions to depends only on ColumnFamilyOptions.
* Move `max_subcompactions`, `compaction_options_fifo` and `compaction_pri` to ImmutableCFOptions to make it clear that they are immutable.
Test Plan: existing unit tests.
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D63945
Summary: To reduce number of options, merge source_compaction_factor, max_grandparent_overlap_bytes and expanded_compaction_factor into max_compaction_bytes.
Test Plan: Add two new unit tests. Run all existing tests, including jtest.
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: leveldb, andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D59829
Summary:
My understanding is that the purpose of write stall triggers are to wait for auto-compaction to catch up. Without auto-compaction, we don't need to stall writes.
Also with this diff, flush/compaction conditions are recalculated on dynamic option change. Previously the conditions are recalculate only when write stall options are changed.
Test Plan: See the new test. Removed two tests that are no longer valid.
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D61437
Summary: MyRocks is adding support for the user of the SstFileWriter which needs a comparator. It would be more convenient to get the comparator from the column family (which already has to have it) than to have caller keep track of it.
Test Plan: Standard tests (adding one for the new method)
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D61155
Summary: Add option write_buffer_manager to help users control total memory spent on memtables across multiple DB instances.
Test Plan: Add a new unit test.
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: adela, benj, sumeet, muthu, leveldb, andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D59925
Summary: filter_deltes is not a frequently used feature. Remove it.
Test Plan: Run all test suites.
Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: leveldb, andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D59427
Summary:
memtable_prefix_bloom_probes is not a critical option. Remove it to reduce number of options.
It's easier for users to make mistakes with memtable_prefix_bloom_bits, turn it to memtable_prefix_bloom_bits_ratio
Test Plan: Run all existing tests
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: gunnarku, yoshinorim, MarkCallaghan, leveldb, andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D59199
Using explicit 64-bit type in conditional in platforms above 32-bits
This appears to be necessary on Mac OSX as std::conditional does not appear to short circuit and evaluates the third template arg
Making the third template arg be 64 bits explicitly works around this problem and will work on both 32 bit and 64+ bit platforms.
Summary:
The pre-existing code is trying to clamp between 65,536 and 0,
resulting in clamping to 65,536, resulting in very small buffers,
resulting in ShouldFlushNow() being true quite easily,
resulting in assertion failing and database performance
being "not what it should be".
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/1018
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: sdong, andrewkr, IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D55455
Summary: If users turn on concurrent insert but the memtable doesn't support it, they might see unexcepted crash. Fix it by explicitly fail.
Test Plan:
Run different setting of stress_test and make sure it fails correctly.
Will add a unit test too.
Reviewers: anthony, kradhakrishnan, IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, andrewkr, ngbronson
Reviewed By: ngbronson
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D53895
Summary:
If options.base_background_compactions is given, we try to schedule number of compactions not existing this number, only when L0 files increase to certain number, or pending compaction bytes more than certain threshold, we schedule compactions based on options.max_background_compactions.
The watermarks are calculated based on slowdown thresholds.
Test Plan:
Add new test cases in column_family_test.
Adding more unit tests.
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, kradhakrishnan, rven, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba, yoshinorim
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D53409
Summary: Now slowing down for the last mem table takes priority against some stopping conditions. This is logically confusing. Fix it.
Test Plan: Run all existing tests.
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, kradhakrishnan, andrewkr, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D53529
Summary:
This patch addes ColumnFamilyHandle::GetDescriptor(), which allows
developers to obtain the CF options and names of the associated column
family given its handle.
// Returns the up-to-date descriptor used by the current handle. Since it
// returns the up-to-date information, this call might internally locks
// and releases DB mutex to access the up-to-date CF options.
virtual ColumnFamilyDescriptor GetDescriptor() = 0;
Test Plan: augment column_family_test
Reviewers: sdong, yoshinorim, IslamAbdelRahman, rven, kradhakrishnan, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D51543
Summary:
This diff adds support for concurrent adds to the skiplist memtable
implementations. Memory allocation is made thread-safe by the addition of
a spinlock, with small per-core buffers to avoid contention. Concurrent
memtable writes are made via an additional method and don't impose a
performance overhead on the non-concurrent case, so parallelism can be
selected on a per-batch basis.
Write thread synchronization is an increasing bottleneck for higher levels
of concurrency, so this diff adds --enable_write_thread_adaptive_yield
(default off). This feature causes threads joining a write batch
group to spin for a short time (default 100 usec) using sched_yield,
rather than going to sleep on a mutex. If the timing of the yield calls
indicates that another thread has actually run during the yield then
spinning is avoided. This option improves performance for concurrent
situations even without parallel adds, although it has the potential to
increase CPU usage (and the heuristic adaptation is not yet mature).
Parallel writes are not currently compatible with
inplace updates, update callbacks, or delete filtering.
Enable it with --allow_concurrent_memtable_write (and
--enable_write_thread_adaptive_yield). Parallel memtable writes
are performance neutral when there is no actual parallelism, and in
my experiments (SSD server-class Linux and varying contention and key
sizes for fillrandom) they are always a performance win when there is
more than one thread.
Statistics are updated earlier in the write path, dropping the number
of DB mutex acquisitions from 2 to 1 for almost all cases.
This diff was motivated and inspired by Yahoo's cLSM work. It is more
conservative than cLSM: RocksDB's write batch group leader role is
preserved (along with all of the existing flush and write throttling
logic) and concurrent writers are blocked until all memtable insertions
have completed and the sequence number has been advanced, to preserve
linearizability.
My test config is "db_bench -benchmarks=fillrandom -threads=$T
-batch_size=1 -memtablerep=skip_list -value_size=100 --num=1000000/$T
-level0_slowdown_writes_trigger=9999 -level0_stop_writes_trigger=9999
-disable_auto_compactions --max_write_buffer_number=8
-max_background_flushes=8 --disable_wal --write_buffer_size=160000000
--block_size=16384 --allow_concurrent_memtable_write" on a two-socket
Xeon E5-2660 @ 2.2Ghz with lots of memory and an SSD hard drive. With 1
thread I get ~440Kops/sec. Peak performance for 1 socket (numactl
-N1) is slightly more than 1Mops/sec, at 16 threads. Peak performance
across both sockets happens at 30 threads, and is ~900Kops/sec, although
with fewer threads there is less performance loss when the system has
background work.
Test Plan:
1. concurrent stress tests for InlineSkipList and DynamicBloom
2. make clean; make check
3. make clean; DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 make valgrind_check; valgrind db_bench
4. make clean; COMPILE_WITH_TSAN=1 make all check; db_bench
5. make clean; COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 make all check; db_bench
6. make clean; OPT=-DROCKSDB_LITE make check
7. verify no perf regressions when disabled
Reviewers: igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, IslamAbdelRahman, anthony, yhchiang, rven, sdong, guyg8, kradhakrishnan, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D50589
Summary: It's usually hard for users to set a value of options.delayed_write_rate. With this diff, after slowdown condition triggers, we greedily reduce write rate if estimated pending compaction bytes increase. If estimated compaction pending bytes drop, we increase the write rate.
Test Plan:
Add a unit test
Test with db_bench setting:
TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm/ ./db_bench --benchmarks=fillrandom -num=10000000 --soft_pending_compaction_bytes_limit=1000000000 --hard_pending_compaction_bytes_limit=3000000000 --delayed_write_rate=100000000
and make sure without the commit, write stop will happen, but with the commit, it will not happen.
Reviewers: igor, anthony, rven, yhchiang, kradhakrishnan, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D52131
Summary: Now if inserting to mem table is much faster than writing to files, there is no mechanism users can rely on to avoid stopping for reaching options.max_write_buffer_number. With the commit, if there are more than four maximum write buffers configured, we slow down to the rate of options.delayed_write_rate while we reach the last one.
Test Plan:
1. Add a new unit test.
2. Run db_bench with
./db_bench --benchmarks=fillrandom --num=10000000 --max_background_flushes=6 --batch_size=32 -max_write_buffer_number=4 --delayed_write_rate=500000 --statistics
based on hard drive and see stopping is avoided with the commit.
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, anthony, rven, kradhakrishnan, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D52047
Summary:
This diff provides a framework for doing manual
compactions in parallel with other compactions. We now have a deque of manual compactions. We also pass manual compactions as an argument from RunManualCompactions down to
BackgroundCompactions, so that RunManualCompactions can be reentrant.
Parallelism is controlled by the two routines
ConflictingManualCompaction to allow/disallow new parallel/manual
compactions based on already existing ManualCompactions. In this diff, by default manual compactions still have to run exclusive of other compactions. However, by setting the compaction option, exclusive_manual_compaction to false, it is possible to run other compactions in parallel with a manual compaction. However, we are still restricted to one manual compaction per column family at a time. All of these restrictions will be relaxed in future diffs.
I will be adding more tests later.
Test Plan: Rocksdb regression + new tests + valgrind
Reviewers: igor, anthony, IslamAbdelRahman, kradhakrishnan, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: yoshinorim, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D47973
Summary: Deprecate options.soft_rate_limit, which is hard to tune, with options.soft_pending_compaction_bytes_limit, which would trigger the slowdown if estimated pending compaction bytes exceeds the threshold. The hope is to make it more striaght-forward to tune.
Test Plan: Modify DBTest.SoftLimit to cover options.soft_pending_compaction_bytes_limit instead; run all unit tests.
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, rven, kradhakrishnan, igor, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D51117
Summary:
Currently RocksDB may break in lines like this:
for (size_t i = sorted_runs.size() - 1; i >= first_index_after; i--) {
if options.level0_file_num_compaction_trigger=0.
Fix it by not executing the logic of picking compactions if there is no file (sorted_runs.size() = 0). Also internally set options.level0_file_num_compaction_trigger=1 if users give a 0. 0 is a value makes no sense in RocksDB.
Test Plan: Run all tests. Will add a unit test too.
Reviewers: yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, anthony, kradhakrishnan, rven
Reviewed By: rven
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D50727
Summary:
We are cleaning up dependencies.
This diff takes a first step at moving memtable files to their own
directory called memtable. In future diffs, we will move other memtable
files from db to memtable.
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D48915
Summary: Add an option to stop writes if compaction lefts behind. If estimated pending compaction bytes is more than threshold specified by options.hard_pending_compaction_bytes_liimt, writes will stop until compactions are cleared to under the threshold.
Test Plan: Add unit test DBTest.HardLimit
Reviewers: rven, kradhakrishnan, anthony, IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D45999
Summary:
Although there are currently counters to keep track of the
stall caused by having too many L0 files, there is no distinction as
to whether when that stall occurs either (A) L0-L1 compaction is taking
place to try and mitigate it, or (B) no L0-L1 compaction has been scheduled
at the moment. This diff adds a counter for (A) so that the nature of L0
stalls can be better understood.
Test Plan: make all && make check
Reviewers: sdong, igor, anthony, noetzli, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D46749
Summary: Currently, if users didn't set options.arena_block_size, we set "result.arena_block_size = result.write_buffer_size / 10". It makes result.arena_block_size not a multiplier of 4KB, even if options.write_buffer_size is a multiplier of MBs. When calling malloc to arena_block_size, we may waste a small amount of memory for it. We now make the default to be /8 or /16 and align it to 4KB.
Test Plan: unit tests
Reviewers: sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D46467
Summary: Add a new DB property that calculate the total size of files used by all RocksDB Versions
Test Plan: Unittests for the new property
Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, anthony, rven, kradhakrishnan, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D44799
Summary:
Currently, GetIntProperty("rocksdb.cur-size-all-mem-tables") only returns
the memory usage by those memtables which have not yet been flushed.
This patch introduces GetIntProperty("rocksdb.size-all-mem-tables"),
which includes the memory usage by all the memtables, includes those
have been flushed but pinned by iterators.
Test Plan: Added a test in db_test
Reviewers: igor, anthony, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D44229
Summary:
When we first started, max_background_flushes was 0 by default and compaction thread was executing flushes (since there was no flush thread). Then, we switched the default max_background_flushes to 1. However, we still support the case where there is no flush thread and flushes are done in compaction. This is making our code a bit more complicated. By not supporting this use-case we can make our code simpler.
We have a special case that when you set max_background_flushes to 0, we
schedule the flush to execute on the compaction thread.
Test Plan: make check (there might be some unit tests that depend on this behavior)
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D41931
Summary:
Currently RocksDB silently ignores this issue and doesn't compress the data. Based on discussion, we agree that this is pretty bad because it can cause confusion for our users.
This patch fails DB::Open() if we don't support the compression that is specified in the options.
Test Plan: make check with LZ4 not present. If Snappy is not present all tests will just fail because Snappy is our default library. We should make Snappy the requirement, since without it our default DB::Open() fails.
Reviewers: sdong, MarkCallaghan, rven, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D39687
Summary: Currently we dump DBOptions for each column family options we dump. This leads to duplicate lines in our LOG file. This diff fixes that.
Test Plan: Check out the LOG
Reviewers: sdong, rven, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: IslamAbdelRahman, yoshinorim, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D39729
Summary:
We slow down data into the database to the rate of options.delayed_write_rate (a new option) with this patch.
The thread synchronization approach I take is to still synchronize write controller by DB mutex and GetDelay() is inside DB mutex. Try to minimize the frequency of getting time in GetDelay(). I verified it through db_bench and it seems to work
hard_rate_limit is deprecated.
options.delayed_write_rate is still not dynamically changeable. Need to work on it as a follow-up.
Test Plan: Add new unit tests in db_test
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, kradhakrishnan, anthony, MarkCallaghan, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: ikabiljo, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D36351
Summary:
Allow EventListener::OnCompactionCompleted to return CompactionJobStats,
which contains useful information about a compaction.
Example CompactionJobStats returned by OnCompactionCompleted():
smallest_output_key_prefix 05000000
largest_output_key_prefix 06990000
elapsed_time 42419
num_input_records 300
num_input_files 3
num_input_files_at_output_level 2
num_output_records 200
num_output_files 1
actual_bytes_input 167200
actual_bytes_output 110688
total_input_raw_key_bytes 5400
total_input_raw_value_bytes 300000
num_records_replaced 100
is_manual_compaction 1
Test Plan: Developed a mega test in db_test which covers 20 variables in CompactionJobStats.
Reviewers: rven, igor, anthony, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: tnovak, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D38463
Summary: Optimistic transactions supporting begin/commit/rollback semantics. Currently relies on checking the memtable to determine if there are any collisions at commit time. Not yet implemented would be a way of enuring the memtable has some minimum amount of history so that we won't fail to commit when the memtable is empty. You should probably start with transaction.h to get an overview of what is currently supported.
Test Plan: Added a new test, but still need to look into stress testing.
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: adamretter, MarkCallaghan, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D33435
Summary:
For transactions, we are using the memtables to validate that there are no write conflicts. But after flushing, we don't have any memtables, and transactions could fail to commit. So we want to someone keep around some extra history to use for conflict checking. In addition, we want to provide a way to increase the size of this history if too many transactions fail to commit.
After chatting with people, it seems like everyone prefers just using Memtables to store this history (instead of a separate history structure). It seems like the best place for this is abstracted inside the memtable_list. I decide to create a separate list in MemtableListVersion as using the same list complicated the flush/installalflushresults logic too much.
This diff adds a new parameter to control how much memtable history to keep around after flushing. However, it sounds like people aren't too fond of adding new parameters. So I am making the default size of flushed+not-flushed memtables be set to max_write_buffers. This should not change the maximum amount of memory used, but make it more likely we're using closer the the limit. (We are now postponing deleting flushed memtables until the max_write_buffer limit is reached). So while we might use more memory on average, we are still obeying the limit set (and you could argue it's better to go ahead and use up memory now instead of waiting for a write stall to happen to test this limit).
However, if people are opposed to this default behavior, we can easily set it to 0 and require this parameter be set in order to use transactions.
Test Plan: Added a xfunc test to play around with setting different values of this parameter in all tests. Added testing in memtablelist_test and planning on adding more testing here.
Reviewers: sdong, rven, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D37443
Summary: Ensure ColumnFamilyOptions.num_levels >= 2 when level compaction is used.
Test Plan: Extend SanitizeOptions test in column_family_test
Reviewers: sdong, rven, anthony, krishnanm86, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D38829
Summary: CompactRange() now is much more expensive for dynamic level base size as it goes through all the levels. Skip those not used levels between level 0 an base level.
Test Plan: Run all unit tests
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, anthony, kradhakrishnan, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D37125
Summary:
Fixed the following compile error in db/column_family.cc
db/column_family.cc:633:33: error: ‘ASSERT_GT’ was not declared in this scope
16:14:45 ASSERT_GT(listeners.size(), 0U);
Test Plan: make db_test
Reviewers: igor, sdong, rven
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D38367
Summary:
Fixed a bug in EventListener::OnCompactionCompleted() that returns
incorrect list of input / output file names.
Test Plan: Extend existing test in listener_test.cc
Reviewers: sdong, rven, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D38349
Summary:
CompactRange for universal compaction with num_levels > 1 seems to have a bug. The unit test also has a bug so it doesn't capture the problem.
Fix it. Revert the compact range to the logic equivalent to num_levels=1. Always compact all files together.
It should also fix DBTest.IncreaseUniversalCompactionNumLevels. The issue was that options.write_buffer_size = 100 << 10 and options.write_buffer_size = 100 << 10 are not used in later test scenarios. So write_buffer_size of 4MB was used. The compaction trigger condition is not anymore obvious as expected.
Test Plan: Run the new test and all test suites
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, kradhakrishnan, anthony, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D37551
Summary: Now we add warnings when user configures compression and the compression is not supported.
Test Plan:
Configured compression to non-supported values. Observed messages in my log:
2015/03/26-12:17:57.586341 7ffb8a496840 [WARN] Compression type chosen for level 2 is not supported: LZ4. RocksDB will not compress data on level 2.
2015/03/26-12:19:10.768045 7f36f15c5840 [WARN] Compression type chosen is not supported: LZ4. RocksDB will not compress data.
Reviewers: rven, sdong, yhchiang
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D35979
Summary:
Currently users have no idea a key is add, delete or merge from TablePropertiesCollector call back. Add a new function to add it.
Also refactor the codes so that
(1) make table property collector and internal table property collector two separate data structures with the later one now exposed
(2) table builders only receive internal table properties
Test Plan: Add cases in table_properties_collector_test to cover both of old and new ways of using TablePropertiesCollector.
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor.sugak, rven, igor
Reviewed By: rven, igor
Subscribers: meyering, yoshinorim, maykov, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D35373
Summary:
With this change, we use L1 and up to store compaction outputs in universal compaction.
The compaction pick logic stays the same. Outputs are stored in the largest "level" as possible.
If options.num_levels=1, it behaves all the same as now.
Test Plan:
1) convert most of existing unit tests for universal comapaction to include the option of one level and multiple levels.
2) add a unit test to cover parallel compaction in universal compaction and run it in one level and multiple levels
3) add unit test to migrate from multiple level setting back to one level setting
4) add a unit test to insert keys to trigger multiple rounds of compactions and verify results.
Reviewers: rven, kradhakrishnan, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: meyering, leveldb, MarkCallaghan, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D34539
Summary:
When having fixed max_bytes_for_level_base, the ratio of size of largest level and the second one can range from 0 to the multiplier. This makes LSM tree frequently irregular and unpredictable. It can also cause poor space amplification in some cases.
In this improvement (proposed by Igor Kabiljo), we introduce a parameter option.level_compaction_use_dynamic_max_bytes. When turning it on, RocksDB is free to pick a level base in the range of (options.max_bytes_for_level_base/options.max_bytes_for_level_multiplier, options.max_bytes_for_level_base] so that real level ratios are close to options.max_bytes_for_level_multiplier.
Test Plan: New unit tests and pass tests suites including valgrind.
Reviewers: MarkCallaghan, rven, yhchiang, igor, ikabiljo
Reviewed By: ikabiljo
Subscribers: yoshinorim, ikabiljo, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D31437
Summary: Add a DB property about live versions. It can be helpful to figure out whether there are files not live but not yet deleted, in some use cases.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: yoshinorim, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D33327
Summary:
It would be good to assing background job their IDs. Two benefits:
1) makes LOGs more readable
2) I might use it in my EventLogger, which will try to make our LOG easier to read/query/visualize
Test Plan: ran rocksdb, read the LOG
Reviewers: sdong, rven, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D31617
Summary:
Add a counter for collecting the wait time on db mutex.
Also add MutexWrapper and CondVarWrapper for measuring wait time.
Test Plan:
./db_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=MutexWaitStats
./db_test
verify stats output using db_bench
make clean
make release
./db_bench --statistics=1 --benchmarks=fillseq,readwhilewriting --num=10000 --threads=10
Sample output:
rocksdb.db.mutex.wait.micros COUNT : 7546866
Reviewers: MarkCallaghan, rven, sdong, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D32787
Summary: This adds a listener for compactions, and gives some useful statistics on each compaction pass.
Test Plan: Unit tests.
Reviewers: sdong, igor, rven, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D31641
Summary: I'm not sure the expected results of std::atomic::fetch_sub() when using memory_order_relaxed, and I suspect TSAN complains.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D32259
Summary:
This is first in a series of diffs that fixes data races detected by thread sanitizer.
Here the problem is that we call Ref() on a column family during a single-threaded write, without holding a mutex.
Test Plan: TSAN is no longer complaining about LevelLimitReopen.
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D32121
Summary:
This patch changes concurrency guarantees around ColumnFamilySet::column_families_ and ColumnFamilySet::column_families_data_.
Before:
* When mutating: lock DB mutex and spin lock
* When reading: lock DB mutex OR spin lock
After:
* When mutating: lock DB mutex and be in write thread
* When reading: lock DB mutex or be in write thread
That way, we eliminate the spin lock that protects these hash maps and simplify concurrency. That means we don't need to lock the spin lock during writing, since writing is mutually exclusive with column family create/drop (the only operations that mutate those hash maps).
With these new restrictions, I also needed to move column family create to the write thread (column family drop was already in the write thread).
Even though we don't need to lock the spin lock during write, impact on performance should be minimal -- the spin lock is almost never busy, so locking it is almost free.
This addresses task t5116919.
Test Plan:
make check
Stress test with lots and lots of column family drop and create:
time ./db_stress --threads=30 --ops_per_thread=5000000 --max_key=5000 --column_families=200 --clear_column_family_one_in=100000 --verify_before_write=0 --reopen=15 --max_background_compactions=10 --max_background_flushes=10 --db=/fast-rocksdb-tmp/db_stress/
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D30651
Summary:
When scaling to higher number of column families, the worst bottleneck was MaybeScheduleFlushOrCompaction(), which did a for loop over all column families while holding a mutex. This patch addresses the issue.
The approach is similar to our earlier efforts: instead of a pull-model, where we do something for every column family, we can do a push-based model -- when we detect that column family is ready to be flushed/compacted, we add it to the flush_queue_/compaction_queue_. That way we don't need to loop over every column family in MaybeScheduleFlushOrCompaction.
Here are the performance results:
Command:
./db_bench --write_buffer_size=268435456 --db_write_buffer_size=268435456 --db=/fast-rocksdb-tmp/rocks_lots_of_cf --use_existing_db=0 --open_files=55000 --statistics=1 --histogram=1 --disable_data_sync=1 --max_write_buffer_number=2 --sync=0 --benchmarks=fillrandom --threads=16 --num_column_families=5000 --disable_wal=1 --max_background_flushes=16 --max_background_compactions=16 --level0_file_num_compaction_trigger=2 --level0_slowdown_writes_trigger=2 --level0_stop_writes_trigger=3 --hard_rate_limit=1 --num=33333333 --writes=33333333
Before the patch:
fillrandom : 26.950 micros/op 37105 ops/sec; 4.1 MB/s
After the patch:
fillrandom : 17.404 micros/op 57456 ops/sec; 6.4 MB/s
Next bottleneck is VersionSet::AddLiveFiles, which is painfully slow when we have a lot of files. This is coming in the next patch, but when I removed that code, here's what I got:
fillrandom : 7.590 micros/op 131758 ops/sec; 14.6 MB/s
Test Plan:
make check
two stress tests:
Big number of compactions and flushes:
./db_stress --threads=30 --ops_per_thread=20000000 --max_key=10000 --column_families=20 --clear_column_family_one_in=10000000 --verify_before_write=0 --reopen=15 --max_background_compactions=10 --max_background_flushes=10 --db=/fast-rocksdb-tmp/db_stress --prefixpercent=0 --iterpercent=0 --writepercent=75 --db_write_buffer_size=2000000
max_background_flushes=0, to verify that this case also works correctly
./db_stress --threads=30 --ops_per_thread=2000000 --max_key=10000 --column_families=20 --clear_column_family_one_in=10000000 --verify_before_write=0 --reopen=3 --max_background_compactions=3 --max_background_flushes=0 --db=/fast-rocksdb-tmp/db_stress --prefixpercent=0 --iterpercent=0 --writepercent=75 --db_write_buffer_size=2000000
Reviewers: ljin, rven, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D30123
Summary:
Introduces a new class for managing write buffer memory across column
families. We supplement ColumnFamilyOptions::write_buffer_size with
ColumnFamilyOptions::write_buffer, a shared pointer to a WriteBuffer
instance that enforces memory limits before flushing out to disk.
Test Plan: Added SharedWriteBuffer unit test to db_test.cc
Reviewers: sdong, rven, ljin, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: tnovak, yhchiang, dhruba, xjin, MarkCallaghan, yoshinorim
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D22581
Summary:
Two fixes:
1. if cpplint is not present on the system, don't return a confusing error in the linter
2. Add include_alpha, which means our includes should be sorted lexicographically
Test Plan: Tried unsorting our includes, lint complained
Reviewers: rven, ljin, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28845
Summary: Block Universal and FIFO compactions in ROCKSDB_LITE
Test Plan:
make shared_lib -j32
make OPT=-DROCKSDB_LITE shared_lib
Reviewers: ljin, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D29589
Summary:
The very last reference happens in DBImpl::GetOptions()
I built with both DBImpl::GetOptions() and ColumnFamilyData::options() commented out
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D29073
Summary: So iOS size_t is 32-bit, so we need to static_cast<size_t> any uint64_t :(
Test Plan: TARGET_OS=IOS make static_lib
Reviewers: dhruba, ljin, yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28743
Summary:
This diff adds three sets of APIs to RocksDB.
= GetColumnFamilyMetaData =
* This APIs allow users to obtain the current state of a RocksDB instance on one column family.
* See GetColumnFamilyMetaData in include/rocksdb/db.h
= EventListener =
* A virtual class that allows users to implement a set of
call-back functions which will be called when specific
events of a RocksDB instance happens.
* To register EventListener, simply insert an EventListener to ColumnFamilyOptions::listeners
= CompactFiles =
* CompactFiles API inputs a set of file numbers and an output level, and RocksDB
will try to compact those files into the specified level.
= Example =
* Example code can be found in example/compact_files_example.cc, which implements
a simple external compactor using EventListener, GetColumnFamilyMetaData, and
CompactFiles API.
Test Plan:
listener_test
compactor_test
example/compact_files_example
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=CompactFiles
db_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=MetaData
db_test
Reviewers: ljin, igor, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D24705
Summary: It turns out that -Wshadow has different rules for gcc than clang. Previous commit fixed clang. This commits fixes the rest of the warnings for gcc.
Test Plan: compiles
Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28131
Summary: as title
Test Plan: ./db_test
Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, rven, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28269
Summary: Enforce the accessier naming convention in functions in version_set.h
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang, rven, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28143
Summary:
...and fix all the errors :)
Jim suggested turning on -Wshadow because it helped him fix number of critical bugs in fbcode. I think it's a good idea to be -Wshadow clean.
Test Plan: compiles
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, sdong, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27711
Summary:
Rename Version::Builder to VersionBuilder and expose its definition to a header.
Make VerisonBuilder not reference Version or ColumnFamilyData, only working with VersionStorageInfo.
Add version_builder_test which has a simple test.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, igor, ljin
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27969
Summary:
Make compaction picker easier to test.
The basic idea is to separate a minimum subcomponent of Version to VersionStorageInfo, which just responsible to LSM tree. A stub VersionStorageInfo can then be easily created and passed into compaction picker so that we can check the outputs.
It now passes most tests. Still two things need to be done:
(1) deal with the FIFO compaction's file size.
(2) write an example test to make sure the interface can do the job.
Add a compaction_picker_test to make sure compaction picker codes can be easily unit tested.
Test Plan:
Pass all unit tests and compaction_picker_test
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, igor, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27639
Summary: Apply InfoLogLevel to the logs in db/column_family.cc
Test Plan: make
Reviewers: ljin, sdong, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27843
Summary:
Abstract out FlushProcess and take it out of DBImpl.
This also includes taking DeletionState outside of DBImpl.
Currently this diff is only doing the refactoring. Future work includes:
1. Decoupling flush_process.cc, make it depend on less state
2. Write flush_process_test, which will mock out everything that FlushProcess depends on and test it in isolation
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, sdong, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27561
Summary: as title
Test Plan:
make release
will run full test on all stacked diffs before committing
Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, rven, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27591
Summary:
Make inplace_update_support and inplace_update_num_locks dynamic.
inplace_callback becomes immutable
We are almost free of references to cfd->options() in db_impl
Test Plan: unit test
Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D25293
Summary: as title
Test Plan:
unit test
I am only able to build the test case for hard_rate_limit.
soft_rate_limit is essentially the same thing as hard_rate_limit
Reviewers: igor, sdong, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D24759
Summary: as title
Test Plan: unit test
Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D24729
Summary:
make compaction related options changeable. Most of changes are tedious,
following the same convention: grabs MutableCFOptions at the beginning
of compaction under mutex, then pass it throughout the job and register
it in SuperVersion at the end.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23349
Summary:
Previously, one single column family is given to WriteBatchWithIndex to index keys for all column families. An extra map from column family ID to comparator is maintained which can override the default comparator given in the constructor. A WriteBatchWithIndex::SetComparatorForCF() is added for user to add comparators per column family.
Also move more codes into anonymous namespace.
Test Plan: Add a unit test
Reviewers: ljin, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb, yhchiang
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23355
Summary: as title
Test Plan:
make all check
I will think a way to set up stress test for this
Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23055
Summary:
When memtable is full it calls the registered callback. That callback then registers column family as needing the flush. Every write checks if there are some column families that need to be flushed. This completely eliminates the need for MakeRoomForWrite() function and simplifies our Write code-path.
There is some complexity with the concurrency when the column family is dropped. I made it a bit less complex by dropping the column family from the write thread in https://reviews.facebook.net/D22965. Let me know if you want to discuss this.
Test Plan: make check works. I'll also run db_stress with creating and dropping column families for a while.
Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23067
Summary: removed reference to options in WriteBatch and DBImpl::Get()
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23049
Summary: ...
Test Plan: Can't repro the test failure, but let's see what jenkins says
Reviewers: zagfox, sdong, ljin
Reviewed By: sdong, ljin
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23061
Summary:
Introducing WriteController, which is a source of truth about per-DB write delays. Let's define an DB epoch as a period where there are no flushes and compactions (i.e. new epoch is started when flush or compaction finishes). Each epoch can either:
* proceed with all writes without delay
* delay all writes by fixed time
* stop all writes
The three modes are recomputed at each epoch change (flush, compaction), rather than on every write (which is currently the case).
When we have a lot of column families, our current pull behavior adds a big overhead, since we need to loop over every column family for every write. With new push model, overhead on Write code-path is minimal.
This is just the start. Next step is to also take care of stalls introduced by slow memtable flushes. The final goal is to eliminate function MakeRoomForWrite(), which currently needs to be called for every column family by every write.
Test Plan: make check for now. I'll add some unit tests later. Also, perf test.
Reviewers: dhruba, yhchiang, MarkCallaghan, sdong, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D22791
Summary:
As a preparation to support updating some options dynamically, I'd like
to first introduce ImmutableOptions, which is a subset of Options that
cannot be changed during the course of a DB lifetime without restart.
ColumnFamily will keep both Options and ImmutableOptions. Any component
below ColumnFamily should only take ImmutableOptions in their
constructor. Other options should be taken from APIs, which will be
allowed to adjust dynamically.
I am yet to make changes to memtable and other related classes to take
ImmutableOptions in their ctor. That can be done in a seprate diff as
this one is already pretty big.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D22545
Summary:
I will move compression related options in a separate diff since this
diff is already pretty lengthy.
I guess I will also need to change JNI accordingly :(
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D21915
Summary:
Add WriteBatchWithIndex so that a user can query data out of a WriteBatch, to support MongoDB's read-its-own-write.
WriteBatchWithIndex uses a skiplist to store the binary index. The index stores the offset of the entry in the write batch. When searching for a key, the key for the entry is read by read the entry from the write batch from the offset.
Define a new iterator class for querying data out of WriteBatchWithIndex. A user can create an iterator of the write batch for one column family, seek to a key and keep calling Next() to see next entries.
I will add more unit tests if people are OK about this API.
Test Plan:
make all check
Add unit tests.
Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, MarkCallaghan, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb, xjin
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D21381
