Naman Gupta 1447bb5919 Allow callback to change size of existing value. Change return type of the callback function to an enum status to handle 3 cases.
Summary:
This diff fixes 2 hacks:
* The callback function can modify the existing value inplace, if the merged value fits within the existing buffer size. But currently the existing buffer size is not being modified. Now the callback recieves a int* allowing the size to be modified. Since size is encoded as a varint in the internal key for memtable. It might happen that the entire value might have be copied to the new location if the new size varint is smaller than the existing size varint.
* The callback function has 3 functionalities
    1. Modify existing buffer inplace, and update size correspondingly. Now to indicate that, Returns 1.
    2. Generate a new buffer indicating merged value. Returns 2.
    3. Fails to do either of above, based on whatever application logic. Returns 0.

Test Plan: Just make all for now. I'm adding another unit test to test each scenario.

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb, sdong, kailiu, xinyaohu, sumeet, danguo

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15195
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rocksdb: A persistent key-value store for flash storage
Authors: * The Facebook Database Engineering Team
         * Build on earlier work on leveldb by Sanjay Ghemawat
           (sanjay@google.com) and Jeff Dean (jeff@google.com)

This code is a library that forms the core building block for a fast
key value server, especially suited for storing data on flash drives.
It has an Log-Structured-Merge-Database (LSM) design with flexible tradeoffs
between Write-Amplification-Factor(WAF), Read-Amplification-Factor (RAF)
and Space-Amplification-Factor(SAF). It has multi-threaded compactions,
making it specially suitable for storing multiple terabytes of data in a
single database.

The core of this code has been derived from open-source leveldb.

The code under this directory implements a system for maintaining a
persistent key/value store.

See doc/index.html and github wiki (https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki)
for more explanation.

The public interface is in include/*.  Callers should not include or
rely on the details of any other header files in this package.  Those
internal APIs may be changed without warning.

Guide to header files:

include/rocksdb/db.h
    Main interface to the DB: Start here

include/rocksdb/options.h
    Control over the behavior of an entire database, and also
    control over the behavior of individual reads and writes.

include/rocksdb/comparator.h
    Abstraction for user-specified comparison function.  If you want
    just bytewise comparison of keys, you can use the default comparator,
    but clients can write their own comparator implementations if they
    want custom ordering (e.g. to handle different character
    encodings, etc.)

include/rocksdb/iterator.h
    Interface for iterating over data. You can get an iterator
    from a DB object.

include/rocksdb/write_batch.h
    Interface for atomically applying multiple updates to a database.

include/rocksdb/slice.h
    A simple module for maintaining a pointer and a length into some
    other byte array.

include/rocksdb/status.h
    Status is returned from many of the public interfaces and is used
    to report success and various kinds of errors.

include/rocksdb/env.h
    Abstraction of the OS environment.  A posix implementation of
    this interface is in util/env_posix.cc

include/rocksdb/table_builder.h
    Lower-level modules that most clients probably won't use directly

include/rocksdb/cache.h
    An API for the block cache.

include/rocksdb/compaction_filter.h
    An API for a application filter invoked on every compaction.

include/rocksdb/filter_policy.h
    An API for configuring a bloom filter.

include/rocksdb/memtablerep.h
    An API for implementing a memtable.

include/rocksdb/statistics.h
    An API to retrieve various database statistics.

include/rocksdb/transaction_log.h
    An API to retrieve transaction logs from a database.

Design discussions are conducted in https://www.facebook.com/groups/rocksdb.dev/
Description
A library that provides an embeddable, persistent key-value store for fast storage.
Readme 271 MiB
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