A library that provides an embeddable, persistent key-value store for fast storage.
82b81dc8b5
Summary: `GenericRateLimiter` slow path handles requests that cannot be satisfied immediately. Such requests enter a queue, and their thread stays in `Request()` until they are granted or the rate limiter is stopped. These threads are responsible for unblocking themselves. The work to do so is split into two main duties. (1) Waiting for the next refill time. (2) Refilling the bytes and granting requests. Prior to this PR, the slow path logic involved a leader election algorithm to pick one thread to perform (1) followed by (2). It elected the thread whose request was at the front of the highest priority non-empty queue since that request was most likely to be granted. This algorithm was efficient in terms of reducing intermediate wakeups, which is a thread waking up only to resume waiting after finding its request is not granted. However, the conceptual complexity of this algorithm was too high. It took me a long time to draw a timeline to understand how it works for just one edge case yet there were so many. This PR drops the leader election to reduce conceptual complexity. Now, the two duties can be performed by whichever thread acquires the lock first. The risk of this change is increasing the number of intermediate wakeups, however, we took steps to mitigate that. - `wait_until_refill_pending_` flag ensures only one thread performs (1). This\ prevents the thundering herd problem at the next refill time. The remaining\ threads wait on their condition variable with an unbounded duration -- thus we\ must remember to notify them to ensure forward progress. - (1) is typically done by a thread at the front of a queue. This is trivial\ when the queues are initially empty as the first choice that arrives must be\ the only entry in its queue. When queues are initially non-empty, we achieve\ this by having (2) notify a thread at the front of a queue (preferring higher\ priority) to perform the next duty. - We do not require any additional wakeup for (2). Typically it will just be\ done by the thread that finished (1). Combined, the second and third bullet points above suggest the refill/granting will typically be done by a request at the front of its queue. This is important because one wakeup is saved when a granted request happens to be in an already running thread. Note there are a few cases that still lead to intermediate wakeup, however. The first two are existing issues that also apply to the old algorithm, however, the third (including both subpoints) is new. - No request may be granted (only possible when rate limit dynamically\ decreases). - Requests from a different queue may be granted. - (2) may be run by a non-front request thread causing it to not be granted even\ if some requests in that same queue are granted. It can happen for a couple\ (unlikely) reasons. - A new request may sneak in and grab the lock at the refill time, before the\ thread finishing (1) can wake up and grab it. - A new request may sneak in and grab the lock and execute (1) before (2)'s\ chosen candidate can wake up and grab the lock. Then that non-front request\ thread performing (1) can carry over to perform (2). Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/8602 Test Plan: - Use existing tests. The edge cases listed in the comment are all performance\ related; I could not really think of any related to correctness. The logic\ looks the same whether a thread wakes up/finishes its work early/on-time/late,\ or whether the thread is chosen vs. "steals" the work. - Verified write throughput and CPU overhead are basically the same with and\ without this change, even in a rate limiter heavy workload: Test command: ``` $ rm -rf /dev/shm/dbbench/ && TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm /usr/bin/time ./db_bench -benchmarks=fillrandom -num_multi_db=64 -num_low_pri_threads=64 -num_high_pri_threads=64 -write_buffer_size=262144 -target_file_size_base=262144 -max_bytes_for_level_base=1048576 -rate_limiter_bytes_per_sec=16777216 -key_size=24 -value_size=1000 -num=10000 -compression_type=none -rate_limiter_refill_period_us=1000 ``` Results before this PR: ``` fillrandom : 108.463 micros/op 9219 ops/sec; 9.0 MB/s 7.40user 8.84system 1:26.20elapsed 18%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 256140maxresident)k ``` Results after this PR: ``` fillrandom : 108.108 micros/op 9250 ops/sec; 9.0 MB/s 7.45user 8.23system 1:26.68elapsed 18%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 255688maxresident)k ``` Reviewed By: hx235 Differential Revision: D30048013 Pulled By: ajkr fbshipit-source-id: 6741bba9d9dfbccab359806d725105817fef818b |
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RocksDB: A Persistent Key-Value Store for Flash and RAM Storage
RocksDB is developed and maintained by Facebook Database Engineering Team. It is built on earlier work on LevelDB by Sanjay Ghemawat (sanjay@google.com) and Jeff Dean (jeff@google.com)
This code is a library that forms the core building block for a fast key-value server, especially suited for storing data on flash drives. It has a Log-Structured-Merge-Database (LSM) design with flexible tradeoffs between Write-Amplification-Factor (WAF), Read-Amplification-Factor (RAF) and Space-Amplification-Factor (SAF). It has multi-threaded compactions, making it especially suitable for storing multiple terabytes of data in a single database.
Start with example usage here: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/tree/master/examples
See the github wiki for more explanation.
The public interface is in include/. Callers should not include or
rely on the details of any other header files in this package. Those
internal APIs may be changed without warning.
Design discussions are conducted in https://www.facebook.com/groups/rocksdb.dev/ and https://rocksdb.slack.com/
License
RocksDB is dual-licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory). You may select, at your option, one of the above-listed licenses.