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b9f5900658
rocksdb/db/db_impl_secondary.cc
Yanqin Jin b9f5900658 Fix WAL replay by skipping old write batches (#5170) 
Summary:
1. Fix a bug in WAL replay in which write batches with old sequence numbers are mistakenly inserted into memtables.
2. Add support for benchmarking secondary instance to db_bench_tool.
With changes made in this PR, we can start benchmarking secondary instance
using two processes. It is also possible to vary the frequency at which the
secondary instance tries to catch up with the primary. The info log of the
secondary can be found in a directory whose path can be specified with
'-secondary_path'.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5170

Differential Revision: D15564608

Pulled By: riversand963

fbshipit-source-id: ce97688ed3d33f69d3a0b9266ebbbbf887aa0ec8
2019-05-30 19:33:33 -07:00

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// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
#include "db/db_impl_secondary.h"
#ifndef __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
#define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
#endif
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "db/db_iter.h"
#include "db/merge_context.h"
#include "monitoring/perf_context_imp.h"
#include "util/auto_roll_logger.h"
namespace rocksdb {
#ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
DBImplSecondary::DBImplSecondary(const DBOptions& db_options,
const std::string& dbname)
: DBImpl(db_options, dbname) {
ROCKS_LOG_INFO(immutable_db_options_.info_log,
"Opening the db in secondary mode");
LogFlush(immutable_db_options_.info_log);
}
DBImplSecondary::~DBImplSecondary() {}
Status DBImplSecondary::Recover(
const std::vector<ColumnFamilyDescriptor>& column_families,
bool /*readonly*/, bool /*error_if_log_file_exist*/,
bool /*error_if_data_exists_in_logs*/) {
mutex_.AssertHeld();
JobContext job_context(0);
Status s;
s = static_cast<ReactiveVersionSet*>(versions_.get())
->Recover(column_families, &manifest_reader_, &manifest_reporter_,
&manifest_reader_status_);
if (!s.ok()) {
return s;
}
if (immutable_db_options_.paranoid_checks && s.ok()) {
s = CheckConsistency();
}
// Initial max_total_in_memory_state_ before recovery logs.
max_total_in_memory_state_ = 0;
for (auto cfd : *versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()) {
auto* mutable_cf_options = cfd->GetLatestMutableCFOptions();
max_total_in_memory_state_ += mutable_cf_options->write_buffer_size *
mutable_cf_options->max_write_buffer_number;
}
if (s.ok()) {
default_cf_handle_ = new ColumnFamilyHandleImpl(
versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()->GetDefault(), this, &mutex_);
default_cf_internal_stats_ = default_cf_handle_->cfd()->internal_stats();
single_column_family_mode_ =
versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()->NumberOfColumnFamilies() == 1;
std::unordered_set<ColumnFamilyData*> cfds_changed;
s = FindAndRecoverLogFiles(&cfds_changed, &job_context);
}
// TODO: update options_file_number_ needed?
job_context.Clean();
return s;
}
// find new WAL and apply them in order to the secondary instance
Status DBImplSecondary::FindAndRecoverLogFiles(
std::unordered_set<ColumnFamilyData*>* cfds_changed,
JobContext* job_context) {
assert(nullptr != cfds_changed);
assert(nullptr != job_context);
Status s;
std::vector<uint64_t> logs;
s = FindNewLogNumbers(&logs);
if (s.ok() && !logs.empty()) {
SequenceNumber next_sequence(kMaxSequenceNumber);
s = RecoverLogFiles(logs, &next_sequence, cfds_changed, job_context);
}
return s;
}
// List wal_dir and find all new WALs, return these log numbers
Status DBImplSecondary::FindNewLogNumbers(std::vector<uint64_t>* logs) {
assert(logs != nullptr);
std::vector<std::string> filenames;
Status s;
s = env_->GetChildren(immutable_db_options_.wal_dir, &filenames);
if (s.IsNotFound()) {
return Status::InvalidArgument("Failed to open wal_dir",
immutable_db_options_.wal_dir);
} else if (!s.ok()) {
return s;
}
// if log_readers_ is non-empty, it means we have applied all logs with log
// numbers smaller than the smallest log in log_readers_, so there is no
// need to pass these logs to RecoverLogFiles
uint64_t log_number_min = 0;
if (!log_readers_.empty()) {
log_number_min = log_readers_.begin()->first;
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < filenames.size(); i++) {
uint64_t number;
FileType type;
if (ParseFileName(filenames[i], &number, &type) && type == kLogFile &&
number >= log_number_min) {
logs->push_back(number);
}
}
// Recover logs in the order that they were generated
if (!logs->empty()) {
std::sort(logs->begin(), logs->end());
}
return s;
}
Status DBImplSecondary::MaybeInitLogReader(
uint64_t log_number, log::FragmentBufferedReader** log_reader) {
auto iter = log_readers_.find(log_number);
// make sure the log file is still present
if (iter == log_readers_.end() ||
iter->second->reader_->GetLogNumber() != log_number) {
// delete the obsolete log reader if log number mismatch
if (iter != log_readers_.end()) {
log_readers_.erase(iter);
}
// initialize log reader from log_number
// TODO: min_log_number_to_keep_2pc check needed?
// Open the log file
std::string fname = LogFileName(immutable_db_options_.wal_dir, log_number);
ROCKS_LOG_INFO(immutable_db_options_.info_log,
"Recovering log #%" PRIu64 " mode %d", log_number,
static_cast<int>(immutable_db_options_.wal_recovery_mode));
std::unique_ptr<SequentialFileReader> file_reader;
{
std::unique_ptr<SequentialFile> file;
Status status = env_->NewSequentialFile(
fname, &file, env_->OptimizeForLogRead(env_options_));
if (!status.ok()) {
*log_reader = nullptr;
return status;
}
file_reader.reset(new SequentialFileReader(std::move(file), fname));
}
// Create the log reader.
LogReaderContainer* log_reader_container = new LogReaderContainer(
env_, immutable_db_options_.info_log, std::move(fname),
std::move(file_reader), log_number);
log_readers_.insert(std::make_pair(
log_number, std::unique_ptr<LogReaderContainer>(log_reader_container)));
}
iter = log_readers_.find(log_number);
assert(iter != log_readers_.end());
*log_reader = iter->second->reader_;
return Status::OK();
}
// After manifest recovery, replay WALs and refresh log_readers_ if necessary
// REQUIRES: log_numbers are sorted in ascending order
Status DBImplSecondary::RecoverLogFiles(
const std::vector<uint64_t>& log_numbers, SequenceNumber* next_sequence,
std::unordered_set<ColumnFamilyData*>* cfds_changed,
JobContext* job_context) {
assert(nullptr != cfds_changed);
assert(nullptr != job_context);
mutex_.AssertHeld();
Status status;
for (auto log_number : log_numbers) {
log::FragmentBufferedReader* reader = nullptr;
status = MaybeInitLogReader(log_number, &reader);
if (!status.ok()) {
return status;
}
assert(reader != nullptr);
}
for (auto log_number : log_numbers) {
auto it = log_readers_.find(log_number);
assert(it != log_readers_.end());
log::FragmentBufferedReader* reader = it->second->reader_;
// Manually update the file number allocation counter in VersionSet.
versions_->MarkFileNumberUsed(log_number);
// Determine if we should tolerate incomplete records at the tail end of the
// Read all the records and add to a memtable
std::string scratch;
Slice record;
WriteBatch batch;
while (reader->ReadRecord(&record, &scratch,
immutable_db_options_.wal_recovery_mode) &&
status.ok()) {
if (record.size() < WriteBatchInternal::kHeader) {
reader->GetReporter()->Corruption(
record.size(), Status::Corruption("log record too small"));
continue;
}
SequenceNumber seq = versions_->LastSequence();
WriteBatchInternal::SetContents(&batch, record);
SequenceNumber seq_of_batch = WriteBatchInternal::Sequence(&batch);
// If the write batch's sequence number is smaller than the last sequence
// number of the db, then we should skip this write batch because its
// data must reside in an SST that has already been added in the prior
// MANIFEST replay.
if (seq_of_batch < seq) {
continue;
}
std::vector<uint32_t> column_family_ids;
status = CollectColumnFamilyIdsFromWriteBatch(batch, &column_family_ids);
if (status.ok()) {
for (const auto id : column_family_ids) {
ColumnFamilyData* cfd =
versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()->GetColumnFamily(id);
if (cfd == nullptr) {
continue;
}
if (cfds_changed->count(cfd) == 0) {
cfds_changed->insert(cfd);
}
auto curr_log_num = port::kMaxUint64;
if (cfd_to_current_log_.count(cfd) > 0) {
curr_log_num = cfd_to_current_log_[cfd];
}
// If the active memtable contains records added by replaying an
// earlier WAL, then we need to seal the memtable, add it to the
// immutable memtable list and create a new active memtable.
if (!cfd->mem()->IsEmpty() && (curr_log_num == port::kMaxUint64 ||
curr_log_num != log_number)) {
const MutableCFOptions mutable_cf_options =
*cfd->GetLatestMutableCFOptions();
MemTable* new_mem =
cfd->ConstructNewMemtable(mutable_cf_options, seq);
cfd->mem()->SetNextLogNumber(log_number);
cfd->imm()->Add(cfd->mem(), &job_context->memtables_to_free);
new_mem->Ref();
cfd->SetMemtable(new_mem);
}
}
bool has_valid_writes = false;
status = WriteBatchInternal::InsertInto(
&batch, column_family_memtables_.get(),
nullptr /* flush_scheduler */, true, log_number, this,
false /* concurrent_memtable_writes */, next_sequence,
&has_valid_writes, seq_per_batch_, batch_per_txn_);
}
// If column family was not found, it might mean that the WAL write
// batch references to the column family that was dropped after the
// insert. We don't want to fail the whole write batch in that case --
// we just ignore the update.
// That's why we set ignore missing column families to true
// passing null flush_scheduler will disable memtable flushing which is
// needed for secondary instances
if (status.ok()) {
for (const auto id : column_family_ids) {
ColumnFamilyData* cfd =
versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()->GetColumnFamily(id);
if (cfd == nullptr) {
continue;
}
std::unordered_map<ColumnFamilyData*, uint64_t>::iterator iter =
cfd_to_current_log_.find(cfd);
if (iter == cfd_to_current_log_.end()) {
cfd_to_current_log_.insert({cfd, log_number});
} else if (log_number > iter->second) {
iter->second = log_number;
}
}
auto last_sequence = *next_sequence - 1;
if ((*next_sequence != kMaxSequenceNumber) &&
(versions_->LastSequence() <= last_sequence)) {
versions_->SetLastAllocatedSequence(last_sequence);
versions_->SetLastPublishedSequence(last_sequence);
versions_->SetLastSequence(last_sequence);
}
} else {
// We are treating this as a failure while reading since we read valid
// blocks that do not form coherent data
reader->GetReporter()->Corruption(record.size(), status);
}
}
if (!status.ok()) {
return status;
}
}
// remove logreaders from map after successfully recovering the WAL
if (log_readers_.size() > 1) {
auto erase_iter = log_readers_.begin();
std::advance(erase_iter, log_readers_.size() - 1);
log_readers_.erase(log_readers_.begin(), erase_iter);
}
return status;
}
// Implementation of the DB interface
Status DBImplSecondary::Get(const ReadOptions& read_options,
ColumnFamilyHandle* column_family, const Slice& key,
PinnableSlice* value) {
return GetImpl(read_options, column_family, key, value);
}
Status DBImplSecondary::GetImpl(const ReadOptions& read_options,
ColumnFamilyHandle* column_family,
const Slice& key, PinnableSlice* pinnable_val) {
assert(pinnable_val != nullptr);
PERF_CPU_TIMER_GUARD(get_cpu_nanos, env_);
StopWatch sw(env_, stats_, DB_GET);
PERF_TIMER_GUARD(get_snapshot_time);
auto cfh = static_cast<ColumnFamilyHandleImpl*>(column_family);
ColumnFamilyData* cfd = cfh->cfd();
if (tracer_) {
InstrumentedMutexLock lock(&trace_mutex_);
if (tracer_) {
tracer_->Get(column_family, key);
}
}
// Acquire SuperVersion
SuperVersion* super_version = GetAndRefSuperVersion(cfd);
SequenceNumber snapshot = versions_->LastSequence();
MergeContext merge_context;
SequenceNumber max_covering_tombstone_seq = 0;
Status s;
LookupKey lkey(key, snapshot);
PERF_TIMER_STOP(get_snapshot_time);
bool done = false;
if (super_version->mem->Get(lkey, pinnable_val->GetSelf(), &s, &merge_context,
&max_covering_tombstone_seq, read_options)) {
done = true;
pinnable_val->PinSelf();
RecordTick(stats_, MEMTABLE_HIT);
} else if ((s.ok() || s.IsMergeInProgress()) &&
super_version->imm->Get(
lkey, pinnable_val->GetSelf(), &s, &merge_context,
&max_covering_tombstone_seq, read_options)) {
done = true;
pinnable_val->PinSelf();
RecordTick(stats_, MEMTABLE_HIT);
}
if (!done && !s.ok() && !s.IsMergeInProgress()) {
ReturnAndCleanupSuperVersion(cfd, super_version);
return s;
}
if (!done) {
PERF_TIMER_GUARD(get_from_output_files_time);
super_version->current->Get(read_options, lkey, pinnable_val, &s,
&merge_context, &max_covering_tombstone_seq);
RecordTick(stats_, MEMTABLE_MISS);
}
{
PERF_TIMER_GUARD(get_post_process_time);
ReturnAndCleanupSuperVersion(cfd, super_version);
RecordTick(stats_, NUMBER_KEYS_READ);
size_t size = pinnable_val->size();
RecordTick(stats_, BYTES_READ, size);
RecordTimeToHistogram(stats_, BYTES_PER_READ, size);
PERF_COUNTER_ADD(get_read_bytes, size);
}
return s;
}
Iterator* DBImplSecondary::NewIterator(const ReadOptions& read_options,
ColumnFamilyHandle* column_family) {
if (read_options.managed) {
return NewErrorIterator(
Status::NotSupported("Managed iterator is not supported anymore."));
}
if (read_options.read_tier == kPersistedTier) {
return NewErrorIterator(Status::NotSupported(
"ReadTier::kPersistedData is not yet supported in iterators."));
}
Iterator* result = nullptr;
auto cfh = reinterpret_cast<ColumnFamilyHandleImpl*>(column_family);
auto cfd = cfh->cfd();
ReadCallback* read_callback = nullptr; // No read callback provided.
if (read_options.tailing) {
return NewErrorIterator(Status::NotSupported(
"tailing iterator not supported in secondary mode"));
} else if (read_options.snapshot != nullptr) {
// TODO (yanqin) support snapshot.
return NewErrorIterator(
Status::NotSupported("snapshot not supported in secondary mode"));
} else {
auto snapshot = versions_->LastSequence();
result = NewIteratorImpl(read_options, cfd, snapshot, read_callback);
}
return result;
}
ArenaWrappedDBIter* DBImplSecondary::NewIteratorImpl(
const ReadOptions& read_options, ColumnFamilyData* cfd,
SequenceNumber snapshot, ReadCallback* read_callback) {
assert(nullptr != cfd);
SuperVersion* super_version = cfd->GetReferencedSuperVersion(&mutex_);
auto db_iter = NewArenaWrappedDbIterator(
env_, read_options, *cfd->ioptions(), super_version->mutable_cf_options,
snapshot,
super_version->mutable_cf_options.max_sequential_skip_in_iterations,
super_version->version_number, read_callback);
auto internal_iter =
NewInternalIterator(read_options, cfd, super_version, db_iter->GetArena(),
db_iter->GetRangeDelAggregator(), snapshot);
db_iter->SetIterUnderDBIter(internal_iter);
return db_iter;
}
Status DBImplSecondary::NewIterators(
const ReadOptions& read_options,
const std::vector<ColumnFamilyHandle*>& column_families,
std::vector<Iterator*>* iterators) {
if (read_options.managed) {
return Status::NotSupported("Managed iterator is not supported anymore.");
}
if (read_options.read_tier == kPersistedTier) {
return Status::NotSupported(
"ReadTier::kPersistedData is not yet supported in iterators.");
}
ReadCallback* read_callback = nullptr; // No read callback provided.
if (iterators == nullptr) {
return Status::InvalidArgument("iterators not allowed to be nullptr");
}
iterators->clear();
iterators->reserve(column_families.size());
if (read_options.tailing) {
return Status::NotSupported(
"tailing iterator not supported in secondary mode");
} else if (read_options.snapshot != nullptr) {
// TODO (yanqin) support snapshot.
return Status::NotSupported("snapshot not supported in secondary mode");
} else {
SequenceNumber read_seq = versions_->LastSequence();
for (auto cfh : column_families) {
ColumnFamilyData* cfd = static_cast<ColumnFamilyHandleImpl*>(cfh)->cfd();
iterators->push_back(
NewIteratorImpl(read_options, cfd, read_seq, read_callback));
}
}
return Status::OK();
}
Status DBImplSecondary::TryCatchUpWithPrimary() {
assert(versions_.get() != nullptr);
assert(manifest_reader_.get() != nullptr);
Status s;
// read the manifest and apply new changes to the secondary instance
std::unordered_set<ColumnFamilyData*> cfds_changed;
JobContext job_context(0, true /*create_superversion*/);
InstrumentedMutexLock lock_guard(&mutex_);
s = static_cast<ReactiveVersionSet*>(versions_.get())
->ReadAndApply(&mutex_, &manifest_reader_, &cfds_changed);
// list wal_dir to discover new WALs and apply new changes to the secondary
// instance
if (s.ok()) {
s = FindAndRecoverLogFiles(&cfds_changed, &job_context);
}
if (s.ok()) {
for (auto cfd : cfds_changed) {
cfd->imm()->RemoveOldMemTables(cfd->GetLogNumber(),
&job_context.memtables_to_free);
auto& sv_context = job_context.superversion_contexts.back();
cfd->InstallSuperVersion(&sv_context, &mutex_);
sv_context.NewSuperVersion();
}
job_context.Clean();
}
return s;
}
Status DB::OpenAsSecondary(const Options& options, const std::string& dbname,
const std::string& secondary_path, DB** dbptr) {
*dbptr = nullptr;
DBOptions db_options(options);
ColumnFamilyOptions cf_options(options);
std::vector<ColumnFamilyDescriptor> column_families;
column_families.emplace_back(kDefaultColumnFamilyName, cf_options);
std::vector<ColumnFamilyHandle*> handles;
Status s = DB::OpenAsSecondary(db_options, dbname, secondary_path,
column_families, &handles, dbptr);
if (s.ok()) {
assert(handles.size() == 1);
delete handles[0];
}
return s;
}
Status DB::OpenAsSecondary(
const DBOptions& db_options, const std::string& dbname,
const std::string& secondary_path,
const std::vector<ColumnFamilyDescriptor>& column_families,
std::vector<ColumnFamilyHandle*>* handles, DB** dbptr) {
*dbptr = nullptr;
if (db_options.max_open_files != -1) {
// TODO (yanqin) maybe support max_open_files != -1 by creating hard links
// on SST files so that db secondary can still have access to old SSTs
// while primary instance may delete original.
return Status::InvalidArgument("require max_open_files to be -1");
}
DBOptions tmp_opts(db_options);
if (nullptr == tmp_opts.info_log) {
Env* env = tmp_opts.env;
assert(env != nullptr);
std::string secondary_abs_path;
env->GetAbsolutePath(secondary_path, &secondary_abs_path);
std::string fname = InfoLogFileName(secondary_path, secondary_abs_path,
tmp_opts.db_log_dir);
env->CreateDirIfMissing(secondary_path);
if (tmp_opts.log_file_time_to_roll > 0 || tmp_opts.max_log_file_size > 0) {
AutoRollLogger* result = new AutoRollLogger(
env, secondary_path, tmp_opts.db_log_dir, tmp_opts.max_log_file_size,
tmp_opts.log_file_time_to_roll, tmp_opts.info_log_level);
Status s = result->GetStatus();
if (!s.ok()) {
delete result;
} else {
tmp_opts.info_log.reset(result);
}
}
if (nullptr == tmp_opts.info_log) {
env->RenameFile(
fname, OldInfoLogFileName(secondary_path, env->NowMicros(),
secondary_abs_path, tmp_opts.db_log_dir));
Status s = env->NewLogger(fname, &(tmp_opts.info_log));
if (tmp_opts.info_log != nullptr) {
tmp_opts.info_log->SetInfoLogLevel(tmp_opts.info_log_level);
}
}
}
assert(tmp_opts.info_log != nullptr);
handles->clear();
DBImplSecondary* impl = new DBImplSecondary(tmp_opts, dbname);
impl->versions_.reset(new ReactiveVersionSet(
dbname, &impl->immutable_db_options_, impl->env_options_,
impl->table_cache_.get(), impl->write_buffer_manager_,
&impl->write_controller_));
impl->column_family_memtables_.reset(
new ColumnFamilyMemTablesImpl(impl->versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()));
impl->mutex_.Lock();
Status s = impl->Recover(column_families, true, false, false);
if (s.ok()) {
for (auto cf : column_families) {
auto cfd =
impl->versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()->GetColumnFamily(cf.name);
if (nullptr == cfd) {
s = Status::InvalidArgument("Column family not found: ", cf.name);
break;
}
handles->push_back(new ColumnFamilyHandleImpl(cfd, impl, &impl->mutex_));
}
}
SuperVersionContext sv_context(true /* create_superversion */);
if (s.ok()) {
for (auto cfd : *impl->versions_->GetColumnFamilySet()) {
sv_context.NewSuperVersion();
cfd->InstallSuperVersion(&sv_context, &impl->mutex_);
}
}
impl->mutex_.Unlock();
sv_context.Clean();
if (s.ok()) {
*dbptr = impl;
for (auto h : *handles) {
impl->NewThreadStatusCfInfo(
reinterpret_cast<ColumnFamilyHandleImpl*>(h)->cfd());
}
} else {
for (auto h : *handles) {
delete h;
}
handles->clear();
delete impl;
}
return s;
}
#else // !ROCKSDB_LITE
Status DB::OpenAsSecondary(const Options& /*options*/,
const std::string& /*name*/,
const std::string& /*secondary_path*/,
DB** /*dbptr*/) {
return Status::NotSupported("Not supported in ROCKSDB_LITE.");
}
Status DB::OpenAsSecondary(
const DBOptions& /*db_options*/, const std::string& /*dbname*/,
const std::string& /*secondary_path*/,
const std::vector<ColumnFamilyDescriptor>& /*column_families*/,
std::vector<ColumnFamilyHandle*>* /*handles*/, DB** /*dbptr*/) {
return Status::NotSupported("Not supported in ROCKSDB_LITE.");
}
#endif // !ROCKSDB_LITE
} // namespace rocksdb
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