Mike Kolupaev ee6f4fa6f5 Fix deadlock in ColumnFamilyData::InstallSuperVersion()
Summary:
Deadlock: a memtable flush holds DB::mutex_ and calls ThreadLocalPtr::Scrape(), which locks ThreadLocalPtr mutex; meanwhile, a thread exit handler locks ThreadLocalPtr mutex and calls SuperVersionUnrefHandle, which tries to lock DB::mutex_.

This deadlock is hit all the time on our workload. It blocks our release.

In general, the problem is that ThreadLocalPtr takes an arbitrary callback and calls it while holding a lock on a global mutex. The same global mutex is (at least in some cases) locked by almost all ThreadLocalPtr methods, on any instance of ThreadLocalPtr. So, there'll be a deadlock if the callback tries to do anything to any instance of ThreadLocalPtr, or waits for another thread to do so.

So, probably the only safe way to use ThreadLocalPtr callbacks is to do only do simple and lock-free things in them.

This PR fixes the deadlock by making sure that local_sv_ never holds the last reference to a SuperVersion, and therefore SuperVersionUnrefHandle never has to do any nontrivial cleanup.

I also searched for other uses of ThreadLocalPtr to see if they may have similar bugs. There's only one other use, in transaction_lock_mgr.cc, and it looks fine.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/3510

Reviewed By: sagar0

Differential Revision: D7005346

Pulled By: al13n321

fbshipit-source-id: 37575591b84f07a891d6659e87e784660fde815f
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RocksDB: A Persistent Key-Value Store for Flash and RAM Storage

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RocksDB is developed and maintained by Facebook Database Engineering Team. It is built on earlier work on LevelDB by Sanjay Ghemawat (sanjay@google.com) and Jeff Dean (jeff@google.com)

This code is a library that forms the core building block for a fast key value server, especially suited for storing data on flash drives. It has a Log-Structured-Merge-Database (LSM) design with flexible tradeoffs between Write-Amplification-Factor (WAF), Read-Amplification-Factor (RAF) and Space-Amplification-Factor (SAF). It has multi-threaded compactions, making it specially suitable for storing multiple terabytes of data in a single database.

Start with example usage here: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/tree/master/examples

See the github wiki for more explanation.

The public interface is in include/. Callers should not include or rely on the details of any other header files in this package. Those internal APIs may be changed without warning.

Design discussions are conducted in https://www.facebook.com/groups/rocksdb.dev/

Description
A library that provides an embeddable, persistent key-value store for fast storage.
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