andreacavalli/xserver-multidpi
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Update build instructions. Add details about how the expat, fontconfig,

Browse Source 
libpng, freetype, and xterm builds are now handled.
Update text docs from SGML masters.
This commit is contained in:
Alan Coopersmith 2005-07-16 09:00:44 +00:00
parent 8e600b8764
commit 8bc883c48c
1 changed files with 44 additions and 68 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

112
hw/xfree86/doc/README.fonts
View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
Fonts in X11R6.8
Fonts in X11R6.9
Juliusz Chroboczek, <jch@pps.jussieu.fr>
@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
1. Introduction
This document describes the support for fonts in X11R6.8. Installing fonts
This document describes the support for fonts in X11R6.9. Installing fonts
(section 2., page 1) is aimed at the casual user wishing to install fonts in
X11R6.8 the rest of the document describes the font support in more detail.
X11R6.9 the rest of the document describes the font support in more detail.
We assume some familiarity with digital fonts. If anything is not clear to
you, please consult Appendix: Background (section 5., page 1) at the end of
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ this document for background information.
X includes two font systems: the original core X11 fonts system, which is
present in all implementations of X11, and the Xft fonts system, which may
not be distributed with implementations of X11 that are not based on X11R6.8
not be distributed with implementations of X11 that are not based on X11R6.9
but will hopefully be included by them in the future
The core X11 fonts system is directly derived from the fonts system included
@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ access newly-installed fonts.
Xft has no configuration mechanism itself, rather it relies upon the fontcon-
fig library to configure and customize fonts. That library is not specific
to X11R6.8 or indeed on any particular font output mechanism. This discus-
to X11R6.9 or indeed on any particular font output mechanism. This discus-
sion describes how fontconfig, rather than Xft, works.
2.1.1 Installing fonts in Xft
Fontconfig looks for fonts in a set of well-known directories that include
all of X11R6.8's standard font directories (`/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/lib/fonts/*')
all of X11R6.9's standard font directories (`/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/lib/fonts/*')
by default) as well as a directory called `.fonts/' in the user's home direc-
tory. Installing a font for use by Xft applications is as simple as copying
a font file into one of these directories.
@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Anti-aliasing can be disabled for all fonts by the following incantation:
</edit>
</match>
Xft supports sub-pixel rasterisation on LCD displays. X11R6.8 should auto-
Xft supports sub-pixel rasterisation on LCD displays. X11R6.9 should auto-
matically enable this feature on laptops and when using an LCD monitor con-
nected with a DVI cable; you can check whether this was done by typing
@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ of this new directory by including it in the font path.
2.2.1 Installing bitmap fonts
The X11R6.8 server can use bitmap fonts in both the cross-platform BDF format
and the somewhat more efficient binary PCF format. (X11R6.8 also supports
The X11R6.9 server can use bitmap fonts in both the cross-platform BDF format
and the somewhat more efficient binary PCF format. (X11R6.9 also supports
the obsolete SNF format.)
Bitmap fonts are normally distributed in the BDF format. Before installing
@ -215,10 +215,12 @@ directory; see Setting the server font path (section 2.2.4, page 1) below.
2.2.2 Installing scalable fonts
The X11R6.8 server supports scalable fonts in four formats: Type 1, Speedo,
TrueType and CIDFont. This section only applies to the former three; for
information on CIDFonts, please see Installing CIDFonts (section 2.2.3, page
1) later in this document.
The X11R6.9 server supports scalable fonts in three formats: Type 1, TrueType
and CIDFont. This section only applies to the first two; for information on
CIDFonts, please see Installing CIDFonts (section 2.2.3, page 1) later in
this document. Previous versions also included support for the Speedo scal-
able font format, but that is disabled in the default builds of X11R6.9 and
not included in X11R7.0 and later releases.
Installing scalable fonts is very similar to installing bitmap fonts: you
create a directory with the font files, and run `mkfontdir' to create an
@ -251,7 +253,7 @@ CMap `UniKS-UCS2-H' is called
Munhwa-Regular--UniKS-UCS2-H
The CIDFont code in X11R6.8 requires a very rigid directory structure. The
The CIDFont code in X11R6.9 requires a very rigid directory structure. The
main directory must be called `CID' (its location defaults to
`/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/CID' but it may be located anywhere), and it should
contain a subdirectory for every CID collection. Every subdirectory must
@ -310,7 +312,7 @@ For best results, scalable fonts should appear in the font path before the
bitmap fonts; this way, the server will prefer bitmap fonts to scalable fonts
when an exact match is possible, but will avoid scaling bitmap fonts when a
scalable font can be used. (The `:unscaled' hack, while still supported,
should no longer be necessary in X11R6.8.)
should no longer be necessary in X11R6.9.)
You may check the font path of the running server by typing the command
@ -353,11 +355,11 @@ mounted font directories). If this doesn't help, it is quite possible that
you are trying to use a font in a format that is not supported by your
server.
X11R6.8 supports the BDF, PCF, SNF, Type 1, Speedo, TrueType, OpenType and
CIDFont font formats. However, not all X11R6.8 servers come with all the
font backends configured in.
X11R6.9 supports the BDF, PCF, SNF, Type 1, TrueType, OpenType and CIDFont
font formats. However, not all X11R6.9 servers come with all the font back-
ends configured in.
On most platforms, the X11R6.8 servers are modular: the font backends are
On most platforms, the X11R6.9 servers are modular: the font backends are
included in modules that are loaded at runtime. The modules to be loaded are
specified in the `xorg.conf' file using the `Load' directive:
@ -365,7 +367,7 @@ specified in the `xorg.conf' file using the `Load' directive:
If you have trouble installing fonts in a specific format, you may want to
check the server's log file in order to see whether the relevant modules are
properly loaded. The list of font modules distributed with X11R6.8 is as
properly loaded. The list of font modules distributed with X11R6.9 is as
follows:
o "bitmap": bitmap fonts (`*.bdf', `*.pcf' and `*.snf');
@ -376,13 +378,11 @@ follows:
o "type1": alternate Type 1 backend (`*.pfa' and `*.pfb') and CIDFont
backend;
o "xtt": alternate TrueType backend (`*.ttf' and `*.ttc');
o "speedo": Bitstream Speedo fonts (`*.spd').
o "xtt": alternate TrueType backend (`*.ttf' and `*.ttc').
Please note that the argument of the `Load' directive is case-sensitive.
3. Fonts included with X11R6.8
3. Fonts included with X11R6.9
3.1 Standard bitmap fonts
@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ fonts, including the `fixed' family, and bitmap versions of Courier, Times,
Helvetica and some members of the Lucida family. In the SI, these fonts are
provided in the ISO 8859-1 encoding (ISO Latin Western-European).
In X11R6.8, a number of these fonts are provided in Unicode-encoded font
In X11R6.9, a number of these fonts are provided in Unicode-encoded font
files instead. At build time, these fonts are split into font files encoded
according to legacy encodings, a process which allows us to provide the stan-
dard fonts in a number of regional encodings with no duplication of work.
@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ for improved presentation of text.
3.3 Standard scalable fonts
X11R6.8 includes all the scalable fonts distributed with X11R6.
X11R6.9 includes all the scalable fonts distributed with X11R6.
3.3.1 Standard Type 1 fonts
@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ and reside in the font files
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/UT*.pfa
Finally, X11R6.8 also comes with Type 1 versions of Bitstream Courier and
Finally, X11R6.9 also comes with Type 1 versions of Bitstream Courier and
Charter. These fonts have XLFD
-bitstream-courier-*-*-normal--0-0-0-0-m-0-iso8859-1
@ -501,25 +501,9 @@ and reside in the font files
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/c*bt_.pfb
3.3.2 Standard Speedo fonts
X11R6.8 includes Speedo versions of the Bitstream Courier and Charter fonts.
In order to use these fonts, you should ensure that your X server is loading
the `Speedo' font backend; see Troubleshooting (section 2.2.5, page 1).
These fonts cover all of ISO 8859-1 and almost all of ISO 8859-2. They have
XLFD name
-bitstream-courier-*-*-normal--0-0-0-0-m-0-*-*
-bitstream-charter-*-*-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-*-*
and reside in the font files
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/font*.spd
3.4 The Bigelow & Holmes Luxi family
X11R6.8 includes the Luxi family of scalable fonts, in both TrueType and
X11R6.9 includes the Luxi family of scalable fonts, in both TrueType and
Type 1 format. This family consists of the fonts Luxi Serif, with XLFD
-b&h-luxi serif-medium-*-normal--*-*-*-*-p-*-*-*
@ -565,19 +549,18 @@ For more information, please contact <design@bigelowandholmes.com> or
An earlier version of the Luxi fonts was made available under the name
Lucidux. This name should no longer be used due to trademark uncertainties,
and all traces of the Lucidux name have been removed from X11R6.8.
and all traces of the Lucidux name have been removed from X11R6.9.
4. More about core fonts
This section describes X11R6.8-specific enhancements to the core X11 fonts
This section describes X11R6.9-specific enhancements to the core X11 fonts
system.
4.1 Core fonts and internationalisation
The scalable font backends (Type 1, Speedo and TrueType) can automatically
re-encode fonts to the encoding specified in the XLFD in `fonts.dir'. For
example, a `fonts.dir' file can contain entries for the Type 1 Courier font
such as
The scalable font backends (Type 1 and TrueType) can automatically re-encode
fonts to the encoding specified in the XLFD in `fonts.dir'. For example, a
`fonts.dir' file can contain entries for the Type 1 Courier font such as
cour.pfa -adobe-courier-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-m-0-iso8859-1
cour.pfa -adobe-courier-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-m-0-iso8859-2
@ -587,12 +570,12 @@ respectively.
4.1.1 The fontenc layer
Three of the scalable backends (Type 1, Speedo, and the FreeType TrueType
backend) use a common fontenc layer for font re-encoding. This allows these
backends to share their encoding data, and allows simple configuration of new
locales independently of font type.
Two of the scalable backends (Type 1 and the FreeType TrueType backend) use a
common fontenc layer for font re-encoding. This allows these backends to
share their encoding data, and allows simple configuration of new locales
independently of font type.
Please note: the X-TrueType (X-TT) backend is not included in X11R6.8. That
Please note: the X-TrueType (X-TT) backend is not included in X11R6.9. That
functionality has been merged into the FreeType backend.>
In the fontenc layer, an encoding is defined by a name (such as iso8859-1),
@ -652,7 +635,7 @@ option followed by the name of a directory containing encoding files, can be
used to automatically build `encodings.dir' files. Please see the mkfont-
dir(1) manual page for more details.
A number of encoding files for common encodings are included with X11R6.8.
A number of encoding files for common encodings are included with X11R6.9.
Information on writing new encoding files can be found in Format of encodings
directory files (section 4.1.3, page 1) and Format of encoding files (section
4.1.4, page 1) later in this document.
@ -684,13 +667,6 @@ ISO 8859-1.
The Type 1 backend behaves similarly to the FreeType backend with Type 1
fonts, except that it limits all encodings to 8-bit codes.
4.1.2.3 Speedo
The Speedo backend searches for a mapping with a target of Unicode, and uses
it if found. If none is found, the backend defaults to ISO 8859-1.
The Speedo backend limits all encodings to 8-bit codes.
4.1.3 Format of encoding directory files
In order to use a font in an encoding that the font backend does not know
@ -988,7 +964,7 @@ ings, but instead uses its own database of encodings.
Since the functionalities for CJKV support introduced by X-TT have been
merged into the new FreeType backend, the X-TT backend will be removed from
X11R6.8's tree near the future. Therefore, the use of FreeType backend is
X11R6.9's tree near the future. Therefore, the use of FreeType backend is
preferred over the X-TT backend.
General information on X-TrueType may be found at the After X-TT Project page
@ -1075,7 +1051,7 @@ Digital fonts may consist of bitmap data, in which case they are said to be
bitmap fonts. They may also consist of a mathematical description of glyph
shapes, in which case they are said to be scalable fonts. Common formats for
scalable font files are Type 1 (sometimes incorrectly called ATM fonts or
PostScript fonts), TrueType and Speedo.
PostScript fonts), TrueType and OpenType.
The glyph data in a digital font needs to be indexed somehow. How this is
done depends on the font file format. In the case of Type 1 fonts, glyphs
@ -1135,15 +1111,15 @@ last two fields of their XLFD set to `iso10646-1'.
6. References
X11R6.8 comes with extensive documentation in the form of manual pages and
X11R6.9 comes with extensive documentation in the form of manual pages and
typeset documents. Before installing fonts, you really should read the font-
config(3) and mkfontdir(1) manual pages; other manual pages of interest
include X(7), Xserver(1), xset(1), Xft(3), xlsfonts(1) and showfont(1). In
addition, you may want to read the X Logical Font Description document, by
Jim Flowers, which is provided in the file `xc/doc/xlfd.PS.Z'.
The latest released version of the X11R6.8 documentation (including this doc-
ument and all manual pages) can be found from current X11R6.8 documentation
The latest released version of the X11R6.9 documentation (including this doc-
ument and all manual pages) can be found from current X11R6.9 documentation
<URL:http://wiki.x.org/>.
The comp.fonts FAQ <URL:http://www.netmeg.net/faq/computers/fonts/>, which is