Motivation:
In many places Netty uses Unpooled.buffer(0) while should use EMPTY_BUFFER. We can't change this due to back compatibility in the constructors but can use Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER in some cases to ensure we not allocate at all. In others we can directly use the allocator either from the Channel / ChannelHandlerContext or the request / response.
Modification:
- Use Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER where possible
- Use allocator where possible
Result:
Fixes#9345 for websockets and http package
Motivation:
We need to ensure we place the encoder before the decoder when doing the websockets upgrade as the decoder may produce a close frame when protocol violations are detected.
Modifications:
- Correctly place encoder before decoder
- Add unit test
Result:
Fixes https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/9300
Motivation:
While fixing #9359 found few places that could be patched / improved separately.
Modification:
On handshake response generation - throw exception before allocating response objects if request is invalid.
Result:
No more leaks when exception is thrown.
Motivation:
Based on https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-1.3 - for non-browser
clients, Origin header field may be sent if it makes sense in the context of those clients.
Modification:
Replace Sec-WebSocket-Origin to Origin
Result:
Fixes#9134 .
Motivation:
Netty homepage(netty.io) serves both "http" and "https".
It's recommended to use https than http.
Modification:
I changed from "http://netty.io" to "https://netty.io"
Result:
No effects.
Motivation:
I need to control WebSockets inbound flow manually, when autoRead=false
Modification:
Add missed ctx.read() call into WebSocketProtocolHandler, where read request has been swallowed.
Result:
Fixes#9257
Motivation:
Incorrect WebSockets closure affects our production system.
Enforced 'close socket on any protocol violation' prevents our custom termination sequence from execution.
Huge number of parameters is a nightmare both in usage and in support (decoders configuration).
Modification:
Fix violations handling - send proper response codes.
Fix for messages leak.
Introduce decoder's option to disable default behavior (send close frame) on protocol violations.
Encapsulate WebSocket response codes - WebSocketCloseStatus.
Encapsulate decoder's configuration into a separate class - WebSocketDecoderConfig.
Result:
Fixes#8295.
Motivation:
When connecting through an HTTP proxy over clear HTTP, user agents must send requests with an absolute url. This hold true for WebSocket Upgrade request.
WebSocketClientHandshaker and subclasses currently always send requests with a relative url, which causes proxies to crash as request is malformed.
Modification:
Introduce a new parameter `absoluteUpgradeUrl` and expose it in constructors and WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory.
Result:
It's now possible to configure WebSocketClientHandshaker so it works properly with HTTP proxies over clear HTTP.
Motivation:
f17bfd0f64 removed the usage of static exception instances to reduce the risk of OOME due addSupressed calls. We should do the same for exceptions used to signal handshake timeouts.
Modifications:
Do not use static instances
Result:
No risk of OOME due addSuppressed calls
Motivation:
Support handshake timeout option in websocket handlers. It makes sense to limit the time we need to move from `HANDSHAKE_ISSUED` to `HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE` states when upgrading to WebSockets
Modification:
- Add `handshakeTimeoutMillis` option in `WebSocketClientProtocolHandshakeHandler` and `WebSocketServerProtocolHandshakeHandler`.
- Schedule a timeout task, the task will trigger user event `HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT` if the handshake timed out.
Result:
Fixes issue https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8841
Motivation
Pipeline handlers are free to "take control" of input buffers if they have singular refcount - in particular to mutate their raw data if non-readonly via discarding of read bytes, etc.
However there are various places (primarily unit tests) where a wrapped byte-array buffer is passed in and the wrapped array is assumed not to change (used after the wrapped buffer is passed to EmbeddedChannel.writeInbound()). This invalid assumption could result in unexpected errors, such as those exposed by #8931.
Modifications
Anywhere that the data passed to writeInbound() might be used again, ensure that either:
- A copy is used rather than wrapping a shared byte array, or
- The buffer is otherwise protected from modification by making it read-only
For the tests, copying is preferred since it still allows the "mutating" optimizations to be exercised.
Results
Avoid possible errors when pipeline assumes it has full control of input buffer.
Motivation:
OOME is occurred by increasing suppressedExceptions because other libraries call Throwable#addSuppressed. As we have no control over what other libraries do we need to ensure this can not lead to OOME.
Modifications:
Only use static instances of the Exceptions if we can either dissable addSuppressed or we run on java6.
Result:
Not possible to OOME because of addSuppressed. Fixes https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/9151.
Motivation:
RFC 6455 defines that, generally, a WebSocket client should not close a TCP
connection as far as a server is the one who's responsible for doing that.
In practice tho', it's not always possible to control the server. Server's
misbehavior may lead to connections being leaked (if the server does not
comply with the RFC).
RFC 6455 #7.1.1 says
> In abnormal cases (such as not having received a TCP Close from the server
after a reasonable amount of time) a client MAY initiate the TCP Close.
Modifications:
* WebSocket client handshaker additional param `forceCloseAfterMillis`
* Use 10 seconds as default
Result:
WebSocket client handshaker to comply with RFC. Fixes#8883.
Motivation:
Add user possibility to skip the evaluation of certain web socket extension,
for example we can skip compression extension for messages that already compressed or very small and etc.
Modification:
This pull request is related with #5669
Result:
User can set to WebSocketClientExtensionHandshaker or WebSocketServerExtensionHandshaker a filter to skip the evaluation of certain extension.
Motivation:
We should not depend on the implementation detail of Unpooled.buffer(int) to allocate the exact size of backing byte[] as depending on the implementation it may return a buffer with a bigger backing array.
Modifications:
Explicit allocate the byte[] and wrap it in the ByteBuf. This way we are sure that ByteBuf.array() returns an byte[] which has the exact length and content we expect.
Result:
More correct and safe usage of ByteBuf.array()
Motivation:
Gracefully respond on bad client request.
We have a set of errors produced by Android 7.1.1/7.1.2 clients where both headers `HttpHeaderNames.SEC_WEBSOCKET_VERSION` and `HttpHeaderNames.ORIGIN` are not present. Absence of the first headers leads to WebSocketServerHandshaker00 be applied as a handshaker. However, null 2nd header causes
```
java.lang.NullPointerException: value
io.netty.util.internal.ObjectUtil.checkNotNull(ObjectUtil.java:33)
io.netty.handler.codec.DefaultHeaders.addObject(DefaultHeaders.java:327)
io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpHeaders.add(DefaultHttpHeaders.java:123)
io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshaker00.newHandshakeResponse(WebSocketServerHandshaker00.java:162)
```
Which causes connection close with unclear reason.
Modification:
Added null-check, and in case of null an appropriate WebSocketHandshakeException is thrown.
Result:
In case of null `HttpHeaderNames.ORIGIN` header a WebSocketHandshakeException is caught by WebSocketServerProtocolHandler which sends a graceful `BAD_REQUEST`.
Motivation:
In most cases, HttpMethod instance is built from the factory method and the same instance is taken for known Http Methods. So we can implement fast path for equals().
Modification:
Replace == checks with HttpMethod.equals;
Use this == o within HttpMethod.equals;
Replaced known new HttpMethod with HttpMethod.valueOf;
Result:
Comparisons should be a bit faster in some cases.
Motivation:
We need to update to a new checkstyle plugin to allow the usage of lambdas.
Modifications:
- Update to new plugin version.
- Fix checkstyle problems.
Result:
Be able to use checkstyle plugin which supports new Java syntax.
Motivation:
The CorruptedFrameException from the finish() method of the Utf8Validator gets propagated to other handlers while the connection is still open.
Modification:
Override exceptionCaught method of the Utf8FrameValidator and close the connection if it is a CorruptedFrameException.
Result:
The CorruptedFrameException gets propagated to other handlers only after properly closing the connection.
Motivation:
RFC 6455 doesn't define close status codes 1012, 1013 and 1014.
Yet, since then, IANA has defined them and web browsers support them.
From https://www.iana.org/assignments/websocket/websocket.xhtml:
* 1012: Service Restart
* 1013: Try Again Later
* 1014: The server was acting as a gateway or proxy and received an invalid response from the upstream server. This is similar to 502 HTTP Status Code.
Modification:
Make status codes 1012, 1013 and 1014 legit.
Result:
WebSocket status codes as defined by IANA are supported.
Motivation:
RFC 6455 doesn't define status codes 1012, 1013 and 1014.
Yet, since then, IANA has defined them, web browsers support them, applications in the wild do use them but it's currently not possible to buid a Netty based client for those services.
From https://www.iana.org/assignments/websocket/websocket.xhtml:
* 1012: Service Restart
* 1013: Try Again Later
* 1014: The server was acting as a gateway or proxy and received an invalid response from the upstream server. This is similar to 502 HTTP Status Code.
Modification:
Make status codes 1012, 1013 and 1014 legit.
Result:
WebSocket status codes as defined by IANA are supported.
Motivation:
As mentioned in RFC 7692 :
The "server_no_context_takeover" Extension Parameter should be used on server side for compression and on client side for decompression.
The "client_no_context_takeover" Extension Parameter should be used on client side for compression and on server side for decompression.
Right now, in PerMessageDeflateClientExtensionHandshaker, the decoder uses clientNoContext instead of serverNoContext and the encoder uses serverNoContext instead of clientNoContext.
The same inversion is present in PerMessageDeflateServerExtensionHandshaker: the decoder uses
serverNoContext instead of clientNoContext, while the encoder uses serverNoContext instead of clientNoContext. Besides the context inversion, the sliding window sizes seem to be inversed as well.
Modification:
Inverse clientNoContext with serverNoContext and clientWindowSize with serverWindowSize for both the Decoder and Encoder in PerMessageDeflateServerExtensionHandshaker and PerMessageDeflateClientExtensionHandshaker.
Result:
This fixes the decompression fail in the case that one of the contexts is set and the other one is not.
Motivation:
Implementation of WebSocketUtil/randomNumber is incorrect and might violate
the API returning values > maximum specified.
Modifications:
* WebSocketUtil/randomNumber is reimplemented, the idea of the solution described
in the comment in the code
* Implementation of WebSocketUtil/randomBytes changed to nextBytes method
* PlatformDependet.threadLocalRandom is used instead of Math.random to improve efficiency
* Added test cases to check random numbers generator
* To ensure corretness, we now assert that min < max when generating random number
Result:
WebSocketUtil/randomNumber always produces correct result.
Covers https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8023
Motivation:
Currently, when passing custom headers to a WebSocketClientHandshaker,
if values are added for headers that are reserved for use in the
websocket handshake performed with the server, these custom values can
be used by the server to compute the websocket handshake challenge. If
the server computes the response to the challenge with the custom header
values, rather than the values computed by the client handshaker, the
handshake may fail.
Modifications:
Update the client handshaker implementations to add the custom header
values first, and then set the reserved websocket header values.
Result:
Reserved websocket handshake headers, if present in the custom headers
passed to the client handshaker, will not be propagated to the server.
Instead the client handshaker will propagate the values it generates.
Fixes#7973.
Motivation:
Currently, on recipt of a PongWebSocketFrame, the
WebSocketProtocolHandler will drop the frame, rather than passing it
along so it can be referenced by other handlers.
Modifications:
Add boolean field to WebSocketProtocolHandler to indicate whether Pong
frames should be dropped or propagated, defaulting to "true" to preserve
existing functionality.
Add new constructors to the client and server implementations of
WebSocketProtocolHandler that allow for overriding the behavior for the
handling of Pong frames.
Result:
PongWebSocketFrames are passed along the channel, if specified.
Motivation:
An `origin`/`sec-websocket-origin` header value in websocket client is filling incorrect in some cases:
- Hostname is not converting to lower-case as prescribed by RFC 6354 (see [1]).
- Selecting a `http` scheme when source URI has `wss`/`https` scheme and non-standard port.
Modifications:
- Convert uri-host to lower-case.
- Use a `https` scheme if source URI scheme is `wss`/`https`, or if source scheme is null and port == 443.
Result:
Correct filling an `origin` header for WS client.
[1] https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6454#section-4
Motivation:
#7269 removed an unnecessary instanciation for verifying WebSocket
handshake status code.
But it uses a hardcoded status code value for 101 instead of using the
intended `HttpResponseStatus#SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS` constant.
Modidication:
Compare actual `HttpResponseStatus` against predefined constant. Note
that `HttpResponseStatus#equals` is implemented in respect with the RFC
(only honor code, not text) so it’s intended to be used this way.
Result:
Cleaner code, use intended constant instead of hard coded value.
Motivation:
- In the `HttpResponseStatus#equals` checks only status code. No need to create new instance of `HttpResponseStatus` for comparison with response status.
- The RFC says: `the HTTP version and reason phrase aren't important` [1].
Modifications:
Use comparison by status code without creating new `HttpResponseStatus`.
Result:
Less allocations, more clear code.
[1] https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-00
Motivation:
The `AsciiString#toString` method calculate string value and cache it into field. If an `AsciiString` created from the `String` value, we can avoid rebuilding strings if we cache them immediately when creating `AsciiString`. It would be useful for constants strings, which already stored in the JVMs string table, or in cases where an unavoidable `#toString `method call is assumed.
Modifications:
- Add new static method `AsciiString#cache(String)` which save string value into cache field.
- Apply a "benign" data race in the `#hashCode` and `#toString` methods.
Result:
Less memory usage in some `AsciiString` use cases.
Motivation:
1. `ByteBuf` contains methods to writing `CharSequence` which optimized for UTF-8 and ASCII encodings. We can also apply optimization for ISO-8859-1.
2. In many places appropriate methods are not used.
Modifications:
1. Apply optimization for ISO-8859-1 encoding in the `ByteBuf#setCharSequence` realizations.
2. Apply appropriate methods for writing `CharSequences` into buffers.
Result:
Reduce overhead from string-to-bytes conversion.
Motivation:
WebSocket decoding throws exceptions on failure that should cause the
pipline to close. These are currently ignored in the
`WebSocketProtocolHandler` and `WebSocketServerProtocolHandler`. In
particular, this means that messages exceding the max message size will
cause the channel to close with no reported failure.
Modifications:
Re-fire the event just before closing the socket to allow it to be
handled appropriately.
Result:
Closes [#3063].
Motivation:
We only need to add the port to the HOST header value if its not a standard port.
Modifications:
- Only add port if needed.
- Fix parsing of ipv6 address which is enclosed by [].
Result:
Fixes [#6426].
Motivation:
Make code easier to read, make WebSocketServerProtocolHandshakeHandler.getWebSocketLocation method faster.
Modification:
WebSocket path check moved to separate method. Get header operation moved out from concat operation.
Result:
WebSocketServerProtocolHandshakeHandler.getWebSocketLocation is faster as OptimizeStringConcat could be applied. Code easier to read.
Motivation:
The allowMaskMismatch parameter used throughout websocketx allows frames
with noncompliant masks when set to true, not false.
Modification:
Changed the javadoc comment everywhere it appears.
Result:
Fixes#6387
Motivation:
Enables optional .startsWith() matching of req.uri() with websocketPath.
Modifications:
New checkStartsWith boolean option with default false value added to both WebSocketServerProtocolHandler and WebSocketServerProtocolHandshakeHandler. req.uri() matching is based on this option.
Result:
By default old behavior matching via .equal() is preserved. To use checkStartsWith use constructor shortcut: new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(websocketPath, true) or fill this flag on full form of constructor among other options.
Motivation:
If the wsURL contains an encoded query, it will be decoded when generating the raw path. For example if the wsURL is http://test.org/path?a=1%3A5, the returned raw path would be /path?a=1:5
Modifications:
Use wsURL.getRawQuery() rather than wsURL.getQuery()
Result:
rawPath will now return /path?a=1%3A5
Motivation:
As described in #5734
Before this change, if the server had to do some sort of setup after a
handshake was completed based on handshake's information, the only way
available was to wait (in a separate thread) for the handshaker to be
added as an attribute to the channel. Too much hassle.
Modifications:
Handshake completed event need to be stateful now, so I've added a tiny
class holding just the HTTP upgrade request and the selected subprotocol
which is fired as an event after the handshake has finished.
I've also deprecated the old enum used as stateless event and I left the
code that fires it for backward compatibility. It should be removed in
the next mayor release.
Result:
It should be much simpler now to do initialization stuff based on
subprotocol or request headers on handshake completion. No asynchronous
waiting needed anymore.
Motivation:
We use pre-instantiated exceptions in various places for performance reasons. These exceptions don't include a stacktrace which makes it hard to know where the exception was thrown. This is especially true as we use the same exception type (for example ChannelClosedException) in different places. Setting some StackTraceElements will provide more context as to where these exceptions original and make debugging easier.
Modifications:
Set a generated StackTraceElement on these pre-instantiated exceptions which at least contains the origin class and method name. The filename and linenumber are specified as unkown (as stated in the javadocs of StackTraceElement).
Result:
Easier to find the origin of a pre-instantiated exception.
Motivation:
When HTTPS is used we should use https in the sec-websocket-origin / origin header
Modifications:
- Correctly generate the sec-websocket-origin / origin header
- Add unit tests.
Result:
Generate correct header.
Motivation:
Support fetches data chunk by chunk for use with WebSocket chunked transfers.
Modifications:
Create a WebSocketChunkedInput.java that add to io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx package
Result:
The WebSocket transfers/fetches data chunk by chunk.
Motivation:
JCTools supports both non-unsafe, unsafe versions of queues and JDK6 which allows us to shade the library in netty-common allowing it to stay "zero dependency".
Modifications:
- Remove copy paste JCTools code and shade the library (dependencies that are shaded should be removed from the <dependencies> section of the generated POM).
- Remove usage of OneTimeTask and remove it all together.
Result:
Less code to maintain and easier to update JCTools and less GC pressure as the queue implementation nt creates so much garbage
Motivation:
At the moment the user is responsible to increase the writer index of the composite buffer when a new component is added. We should add some methods that handle this for the user as this is the most popular usage of the composite buffer.
Modifications:
Add new methods that autoamtically increase the writerIndex when buffers are added.
Result:
Easier usage of CompositeByteBuf.
Related: #4333#4421#5128
Motivation:
slice(), duplicate() and readSlice() currently create a non-recyclable
derived buffer instance. Under heavy load, an application that creates a
lot of derived buffers can put the garbage collector under pressure.
Modifications:
- Add the following methods which creates a non-recyclable derived buffer
- retainedSlice()
- retainedDuplicate()
- readRetainedSlice()
- Add the new recyclable derived buffer implementations, which has its
own reference count value
- Add ByteBufHolder.retainedDuplicate()
- Add ByteBufHolder.replace(ByteBuf) so that..
- a user can replace the content of the holder in a consistent way
- copy/duplicate/retainedDuplicate() can delegate the holder
construction to replace(ByteBuf)
- Use retainedDuplicate() and retainedSlice() wherever possible
- Miscellaneous:
- Rename DuplicateByteBufTest to DuplicatedByteBufTest (missing 'D')
- Make ReplayingDecoderByteBuf.reject() return an exception instead of
throwing it so that its callers don't need to add dummy return
statement
Result:
Derived buffers are now recycled when created via retainedSlice() and
retainedDuplicate() and derived from a pooled buffer
