- Fixes#1229
- Primarily written by @normanmaurer and revised by @trustin
This commit removes the notion of unfolding from the codec framework
completely. Unfolding was introduced in Netty 3.x to work around the
shortcoming of the codec framework where encode() and decode() did not
allow generating multiple messages.
Such a shortcoming can be fixed by changing the signature of encode()
and decode() instead of introducing an obscure workaround like
unfolding. Therefore, we changed the signature of them in 4.0.
The change is simple, but backward-incompatible. encode() and decode()
do not return anything. Instead, the codec framework will pass a
MessageBuf<Object> so encode() and decode() can add the generated
messages into the MessageBuf.
- Count the number of select() calls made to wait until reaching at the expected dead line, and rebuild selectors if too many select() calls were made.
- Similar to @normanmaurer's fix in that this commit also makes Bootstrap.init(Channel) asynchronous, but it is simpler and less invasive.
- Also made sure a connection attempt failure in the local transport does not trigger an exceptionCaught event
- The offending test case is annotated with `@Ignore`
- Also fixed a bug where channel initialization failure swallows the original cause of initialization failure
- Add ChannelHandlerUtil and move the core logic of ChannelInbound/OutboundMessageHandler to ChannelHandlerUtil
- Add ChannelHandlerUtil.SingleInbound/OutboundMessageHandler and make ChannelInbound/OutboundMessageHandlerAdapter implement them. This is a backward incompatible change because it forces all handler methods to be public (was protected previously)
- Fixes: #1119
- Merge waiters and fluchCheckpoint into a single field
- This limits the number of waiter threads to 2^24 - 1, which is still very large. Can you imagine an application with 16 million threads?
- Rename inbound/outboundBufferFreed to inbound/OutboundShutdown which makes more sense
- Move DefaultChannelHandlerContext.isInbound/OutboundBufferFreed() to DefaultChannelPipeline
- Fix a problem where invokeFreeInbound/OutboundBuffer() sets inbound/outboundShutdown too early (this was the direct cause of #1064)
- Remove the volatile modifier - DCHC.prev/next are volatile and that's just enough
- Rename ChannelHandlerAdapter to ChannelDuplexHandler
- Add ChannelHandlerAdapter that implements only ChannelHandler
- Rename CombinedChannelHandler to CombinedChannelDuplexHandler and
improve runtime validation
- Remove ChannelInbound/OutboundHandlerAdapter which are not useful
- Make ChannelOutboundByteHandlerAdapter similar to
ChannelInboundByteHandlerAdapter
- Make the tail and head handler of DefaultChannelPipeline accept both
bytes and messages. ChannelHandlerContext.hasNext*() were removed
because they always return true now.
- Removed various unnecessary null checks.
- Correct method/field names:
inboundBufferSuspended -> channelReadSuspended
- Move common methods from ByteBuf to Buf
- Rename ensureWritableBytes() to ensureWritable()
- Rename readable() to isReadable()
- Rename writable() to isWritable()
- Add isReadable(int) and isWritable(int)
- Add AbstractMessageBuf
- Rewrite DefaultMessageBuf and QueueBackedMessageBuf
- based on Josh Bloch's public domain ArrayDeque impl
- Additional fix for: #970
- Use LinkedHashMap again to save memory consumption
- ServerBootstrap now makes a copy of child parameters so that modifying ServerBootstrap after bind() does not affect the already-bound servers. This also makes child channel initialization potentially faster due to reduced garbage iterator.
This will safe as an example 2gb mem when have 10 DefaultHandlerContext instances per connection and the connection count is 1000000.
Also kind of related to [#920]
- Fixes#997
- Replace duplicate() with clone()
- Add copy constructor for simplicity
- Can now clone invalid/incomplete bootstrap
- Upgrade to netty-build-14 to disable SuperClone checkstyle module
- Finalize class hierarchy so no subclasses are introduced
This changes the behavior of the ChannelPipeline.remove(..) and ChannelPipeline.replace(..) methods in that way
that after invocation it is not possible anymore to access any data in the inbound or outbound buffer. This is
because it empty it now to prevent side-effects. If a user want to preserve the content and forward it to the
next handler in the pipeline it is adviced to use one of the new methods which where introduced.
- ChannelPipeline.removeAndForward(..)
- ChannelPipeline.replaceAndForward(..)
Changed options and attrs from LinkedHashMap to ConcurrentHashMap to
avoid a possible ConcurrentModificationException if a thread was
adding/removing options/attrs while another was calling Bootstrap.init()
or Bootstrap.duplicate()
- Also add a new abstract class called StreamOioByteChannel which can be used by OIO channel implementation which are Stream based as a starting point.
This pull request cleans up our pipeline implementation by moving most
inter-context traversal code to DefaultChannelHandlerContext.
Previously, outbound traversal was done in DefaultChannelPipeline while
inbound traversal was done in DefaultChannelHandlerContext.
Also, to address the memory inefficiency issue raised in #920, all
runnables are lazily instantiated.
This pull request adds two new handler methods: discardInboundReadBytes(ctx) and discardOutboundReadBytes(ctx) to ChannelInboundByteHandler and ChannelOutboundByteHandler respectively. They are called between every inboundBufferUpdated() and flush() respectively. Their default implementation is to call discardSomeReadBytes() on their buffers and a user can override this behavior easily. For example, ReplayingDecoder.discardInboundReadBytes() looks like the following:
@Override
public void discardInboundReadBytes(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ByteBuf in = ctx.inboundByteBuffer();
final int oldReaderIndex = in.readerIndex();
super.discardInboundReadBytes(ctx);
final int newReaderIndex = in.readerIndex();
checkpoint -= oldReaderIndex - newReaderIndex;
}
If a handler, which has its own buffer index variable, extends ReplayingDecoder or ByteToMessageDecoder, the handler can also override discardInboundReadBytes() and adjust its index variable accordingly.
use single static initialization of available metrics monitor registries
* This changes the original implementation to work in a similar way to
how slf4j selects and loads an implementation.
* Uses a single static instance so intialization is done only once.
* Doesn't throw IllegalStateException if multiple implementations are
found on the classpath. It instead selects and uses the first
implementation returned by iterator()
* Class left as an iterable to keep the API the same
add yammer metrics to examples to allow them to publish metrics
publish the number of threads used in an EventLoopGroup see issue #718
* seems like the better place to put this because it sets the default
thread count if the MultithreadEventLoopGroup uses super(0,...)
* It also happens to be the common parent class amongst all the
MultiThreadedEventLoopGroup implementations
* Count is reported for
io.netty.channel.{*,.local,.socket.aio,.socket.nio}
fix cosmetic issues pointed out in pull request and updated notice.txt
see https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/780
count # of channels registered in single threaded event loop
measure how many times Selector.select return before SELECT_TIME
This pull request introduces a new operation called read() that replaces the existing inbound traffic control method. EventLoop now performs socket reads only when the read() operation has been issued. Once the requested read() operation is actually performed, EventLoop triggers an inboundBufferSuspended event that tells the handlers that the requested read() operation has been performed and the inbound traffic has been suspended again. A handler can decide to continue reading or not.
Unlike other outbound operations, read() does not use ChannelFuture at all to avoid GC cost. If there's a good reason to create a new future per read at the GC cost, I'll change this.
This pull request consequently removes the readable property in ChannelHandlerContext, which means how the traffic control works changed significantly.
This pull request also adds a new configuration property ChannelOption.AUTO_READ whose default value is true. If true, Netty will call ctx.read() for you. If you need a close control over when read() is called, you can set it to false.
Another interesting fact is that non-terminal handlers do not really need to call read() at all. Only the last inbound handler will have to call it, and that's just enough. Actually, you don't even need to call it at the last handler in most cases because of the ChannelOption.AUTO_READ mentioned above.
There's no serious backward compatibility issue. If the compiler complains your handler does not implement the read() method, add the following:
public void read(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ctx.read();
}
Note that this pull request certainly makes bounded inbound buffer support very easy, but itself does not add the bounded inbound buffer support.
- Rename capacity variables to reqCapacity or normCapacity to distinguish if its the request capacity or the normalized capacity
- Do not reallocate on ByteBuf.capacity(int) if reallocation is unnecessary; just update the index range.
- Revert the workaround in DefaultChannelHandlerContext
- Also fixed a incorrect port of SpdySessionHandler
- Previously, it closed the connection too early when sending a GOAWAY frame
- After this fix, SpdySessionHandlerTest now passes again without the previous fix
- Fixes#831
This commit ensures the following events are never triggered as a direct
invocation if they are triggered via ChannelPipeline.fire*():
- channelInactive
- channelUnregistered
- exceptionCaught
This commit also fixes the following issues surfaced by this fix:
- Embedded channel implementations run scheduled tasks too early
- SpdySessionHandlerTest tries to generate inbound data even after the
channel is closed.
- AioSocketChannel enters into an infinite loop on I/O error.
- Fixes#826
Unsafe.isFreed(), free(), suspend/resumeIntermediaryAllocations() are not that dangerous. internalNioBuffer() and internalNioBuffers() are dangerous but it seems like nobody is using it even inside Netty. Removing those two methods also removes the necessity to keep Unsafe interface at all.
This commit also introduce a new interface which is called AioSocketChannelConfig to expose AIO only config options with the right visibility.
Also it change the ChannelConfig.setAllocator(..) to return the ChannelConfig to be more consistent with the other methods.
This pull request introduces the new default ByteBufAllocator implementation based on jemalloc, with a some differences:
* Minimum possible buffer capacity is 16 (jemalloc: 2)
* Uses binary heap with random branching (jemalloc: red-black tree)
* No thread-local cache yet (jemalloc has thread-local cache)
* Default page size is 8 KiB (jemalloc: 4 KiB)
* Default chunk size is 16 MiB (jemalloc: 2 MiB)
* Cannot allocate a buffer bigger than the chunk size (jemalloc: possible) because we don't have control over memory layout in Java. A user can work around this issue by creating a composite buffer, but it's not always a feasible option. Although 16 MiB is a pretty big default, a user's handler might need to deal with the bounded buffers when the user wants to deal with a large message.
Also, to ensure the new allocator performs good enough, I wrote a microbenchmark for it and made it a dedicated Maven module. It uses Google's Caliper framework to run and publish the test result (example)
Miscellaneous changes:
* Made some ByteBuf implementations public so that those who implements a new allocator can make use of them.
* Added ByteBufAllocator.compositeBuffer() and its variants.
* ByteBufAllocator.ioBuffer() creates a buffer with 0 capacity.
testConcurrentMessageBufferAccess() assumes the outbound/inbound byte buffers are unbounded. Because PooledByteBuf is bounded, the test did not pass.
The fix makes an assumption that ctx.flush() or fireInboundBufferUpdated() will make the next buffer consumed immediately, which is not the case in the real world. Under network congestion, a user will see IndexOutOfBoundsException if the user's handler implementation writes boundlessly into inbound/outbound buffers.
* UnsafeByteBuf is gone. I added ByteBuf.unsafe() back.
* To avoid extra instantiation, all ByteBuf implementations implement the ByteBuf.Unsafe interface.
* To hide this implementation detail, all ByteBuf implementations are package-private.
* AbstractByteBuf and SwappedByteBuf are public and they do not implement ByteBuf.Unsafe because they don't need to.
* unwrap() is not an unsafe operation anymore.
* ChannelBuf also has unsafe() and Unsafe. ByteBuf.Unsafe extends ChannelBuf.unsafe(). ChannelBuf.unsafe() provides free() operation so that a user does not need to down-cast the buffer in freeInbound/OutboundBuffer().
To perform writes in AioSocketChannel, we get a ByteBuffer view of the
outbound buffer and specify it as a parameter when we call
AsynchronousSocketChannel.write().
In most cases, the write() operation is finished immediately. However,
sometimes, it is scheduled for later execution. In such a case, there's
a chance for a user's handler to append more data to the outbound
buffer.
When more data is appended to the outbound buffer, the outbound buffer
can expand its capacity by itself. Changing the capacity of a buffer is
basically made of the following steps:
1. Allocate a larger new internal memory region.
2. Copy the current content of the buffer to the new memory region.
3. Rewire the buffer so that it refers to the new region.
4. Deallocate the old memory region.
Because the old memory region is deallocated at the step 4, the write
operation scheduled later will access the deallocated region, leading
all sort of data corruption or even segfaults.
To prevent this situation, I added suspendIntermediaryDeallocations()
and resumeIntermediaryDeallocations() to UnsafeByteBuf.
AioSocketChannel.doFlushByteBuf() now calls suspendIntermediaryDealloc()
to defer the deallocation of the old memory regions until the completion
handler is notified.
An AssertionError is triggered by a ByteBuf when beginRead() attempts to
access the buffer which has been freed already. This commit ensures the
buffer is not freed before performing an I/O operation.
To determine if the buffer has been freed, UnsafeByteBuf.isFreed() has
been added.
After some debugging, I found that JDK AIO implementation often performs
I/O immediately from the caller thread if the caller thread is the I/O
thread, and notifies the completion handler also immediately. This
commit handles such a case correctly during reads and writes.
Additionally, this commit also changes SingleThreadEventExecutor to let
it handle unexpected exceptions such as AssertionError in a robus
manner.
When a Netty application shuts down, a user often sees a REE
(RejectedExecutionException).
A REE is raised due to various reasons we don't have control over, such
as:
- A client connects to a server while the server is shutting down.
- An event is triggered for a closed Channel while its event loop is
also shutting down. Some of them are:
- channelDeregistered (triggered after a channel is closed)
- freeIn/OutboundBuffer (triggered after channelDeregistered)
- userEventTriggered (triggered anytime)
To address this issue, a new method called confirmShutdown() has been
added to SingleThreadEventExecutor. After a user calls shutdown(),
confirmShutdown() runs any remaining tasks in the task queue and ensures
no events are triggered for last 2 seconds. If any task are added to
the task queue before 2 seconds passes, confirmShutdown() prevents the
event loop from terminating by returning false.
Now that SingleThreadEventExecutor needs to accept tasks even after
shutdown(), its execute() method only rejects the task after the event
loop is terminated (i.e. isTerminated() returns true.) Except that,
there's no change in semantics.
SingleThreadEventExecutor also checks if its subclass called
confirmShutdown() in its run() implementation, so that Netty developers
can make sure they shut down their event loop impementation correctly.
It also fixes a bug in AioSocketChannel, revealed by delayed shutdown,
where an inboundBufferUpdated() event is triggered on a closed Channel
with deallocated buffers.
Caveats:
Because SingleThreadEventExecutor.takeTask() does not have a notion of
timeout, confirmShutdown() adds a dummy task (WAKEUP_TASK) to wake up
takeTask() immediately and instead sleeps hard-coded 100ms. I'll
address this issue later by modifying takeTask() times out dynamically.
Miscellaneous changes:
SingleThreadEventExecutor.wakeup() now has the default implementation.
Instead of interrupting the current thread, it simply adds a dummy task
(WAKEUP_TASK) to the task queue, which is more elegant and efficient.
NioEventLoop is the only implementation that overrides it. All other
implementations' wakeup()s were removed thanks to this change.
This commit introduces a new API for ByteBuf allocation which fixes
issue #643 along with refactoring of ByteBuf for simplicity and better
performance. (see #62)
A user can configure the ByteBufAllocator of a Channel via
ChannelOption.ALLOCATOR or ChannelConfig.get/setAllocator(). The
default allocator is currently UnpooledByteBufAllocator.HEAP_BY_DEFAULT.
To allocate a buffer, do not use Unpooled anymore. do the following:
ctx.alloc().buffer(...); // allocator chooses the buffer type.
ctx.alloc().heapBuffer(...);
ctx.alloc().directBuffer(...);
To deallocate a buffer, use the unsafe free() operation:
((UnsafeByteBuf) buf).free();
The following is the list of the relevant changes:
- Add ChannelInboundHandler.freeInboundBuffer() and
ChannelOutboundHandler.freeOutboundBuffer() to let a user free the
buffer he or she allocated. ChannelHandler adapter classes implement
is already, so most users won't need to call free() by themselves.
freeIn/OutboundBuffer() methods are invoked when a Channel is closed
and deregistered.
- All ByteBuf by contract must implement UnsafeByteBuf. To access an
unsafe operation: ((UnsafeByteBuf) buf).internalNioBuffer()
- Replace WrappedByteBuf and ByteBuf.Unsafe with UnsafeByteBuf to
simplify overall class hierarchy and to avoid unnecesary instantiation
of Unsafe instances on an unsafe operation.
- Remove buffer reference counting which is confusing
- Instantiate SwappedByteBuf lazily to avoid instantiation cost
- Rename ChannelFutureFactory to ChannelPropertyAccess and move common
methods between Channel and ChannelHandlerContext there. Also made it
package-private to hide it from a user.
- Remove unused unsafe operations such as newBuffer()
- Add DetectionUtil.canFreeDirectBuffer() so that an allocator decides
which buffer type to use safely
- Add Bootstrap.attr() and ServerBootstrap.attr()/childAttr() so that a
user can initialize the attribute map from the beginning.
- Replace newBootstrap() with duplicate()
